江苏省新沂市高考英语一轮起航阅读理解练习（5）（含解析）(1).doc

江苏省新沂市2015高考英语阅读理解一轮练习（5）（答案）阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(八)】the french word renaissance means rebirth.it was first used in 1855 by the historian jules michelet in his history of france，then adopted by historians of culture，by art historians，and eventually by music historians，all of whom applied it to european culture during the 150 years spanning 14501600.the concept of rebirth was appropriate to this period of european history because of the renewed interest in ancient greek and roman culture that began in italy and then spread throughout europe.scholars and artists of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries wanted to restore the learning and ideals of the classical civilizations of greece and rome.to these scholars this meant a return to humanas opposed to spiritual values.fulfillment in lifeas opposed to concern about an afterlifebecame a desirable goal，and expressing the entire range of human emotions and enjoying the pleasures of the senses were no longer frowned on.artists and writers now turned to secular(不朽的)as well as religious subject matter and sought to make their works understandable and appealing.these changes in outlook deeply affected the musical culture of the renaissance periodhow people thought about music as well as the way music was composed，experienced，discussed，and circulated.they could see the architectural monuments，sculptures(雕塑)，plays，and poems that were being rediscovered，but they could not actually hear ancient musicalthough they could read the writings of classical philosophers，poets，essayists，and music theorists that were becoming available in translation.they learned about the power of ancient music to move the listener and wondered why modern music did not have the same effect.for example，the influential religious leader bernardino cirillo expressed disappointment with the learned music of his time.he urged musicians to follow the example of the sculptors，painters，architects，and scholars who had rediscovered ancient art and literature.the musical renaissance in europe was more a general cultural movement and state of mind than a specific set of musical techniques.furthermore，music changed so rapidly during this century and a halfthough at different rates in different countriesthat we cannot define a single renaissance style.36what is the passage mainly about?athe musical compositions that best illustrate the developments during the european renaissance.bthe musical techniques that were in use during the european renaissance.cthe european renaissance as a cultural development that included changes in musical style.dthe ancient greek and roman musical practices used during the european renaissance.37the underlined word “now” in paragraph 1 refers to _.a1855bthe period of the renaissancectile time of the classical civilizations of greece and romedthe time at which the author wrote the passage38it can be inferred from the passage that thinkers of the renaissance were seeking a rebirth of _.aspirituality in everyday lifebcommunication among artists across europeca cultural emphasis on human valuesdreligious themes in art that would accompany the traditional secular themes39what can be inferred about the music of ancient greece and rome?aits effect on listeners was described in a number of classical texts.bit was played on instruments that are familiar to modern audiences.cit expressed more different ideals than classical sculpture，painting and poetry.dit had the same effect on renaissance audiences as it had when originally performed.40according to the passage，why was bernardino cirillo disappointed with the music of his time?ait did not contain enough religious themes.bit had little emotional impact on audiences.cit was not complex enough to appeal to musicians.dit was too dependent on the art and literature of his time.36c主旨大意题。全文主要讲述了欧洲文艺复兴的发展，其中以音乐风格的变化为主要例证。37b词义猜测题。讲述故事时用now表示“那时，当时”，即故事发生的时候。38c推理判断题。根据第一段第五句“to these scholars this meant a return to humanas opposed to spiritual values.”可知，文艺复兴时期的思想家寻求的是对人的价值的重视。39a推理判断题。根据第二段的“.although they could read the writings of classical philosophers，poets，essayists，and music theorists that were becoming available in translation.they learned about the power of ancient music to move the listener and wondered why.”可推知选a。40d推理判断题。从第二段最后的描述中可以看出，bernardino cirillo对他那个时代中的模仿的音乐非常失望，敦促音乐家来向古代雕塑家、画家、建筑师和学者学习，这说明他认为他那个时代的音乐依赖性太强。阅读理解if you were a pilot flying a plane, and suddenly the engine failed, would you eject(跳出), or stay in? for a pilot, the choice is very difficult. if he ejects, he is safe, but the plane crashes. if he stays in the plane, he risks his life. recently, chinese air force pilot li feng, 38, faced this choice during a training exercise. it was march 7 and he was flying a jian-10 (fighter-10) at 4,500 meters. a warning appeared on the planes computer screen. he realized the plane might fail at any moment.li feng did a quick check of the engine and asked the base if he could return. when the fighter was 7 km away from the airport, however, the engine stopped working. the plane began to fall at a speed of 25 meters a second at an altitude of 1,160 meters .under air force rules, fighter pilots may eject if their aircraft loses engine power below 2,000 meters and cant be restarted. before li lost contact with the control tower, the commander in the air base asked him to eject. but li feng insisted on having another try.“i knew where the deadline (to give up the aircraft) was and was prepared for the ejection, but i decided not to give up unless the fighter was totally out of control,” li recalled（回忆） during a recent television interview.after 104 seconds, li was able to bring the fighter to a safe landing. the plane only suffered slight damage.“you are a hero! congratulations!” lis teacher, xu yongling wrote in a text message to him after the landing. he said li was a cool-headed pilot and very professional(专业的).lis brave and calm act not only saved the 200 million yuan aircraft but also gave him invaluable first-hand experience of dealing with an engine emergency(紧急情况).for his outstanding performance, the air force recently awarded him a gold medal.67. when the engine stopped working, li feng . a. was flying a jian-10 at 4,500 metersb. saw a warning appear on the planes computer screen c. decided not to give up the plane d. was asked to stay in, but he ejected 68. when the fighter plane loses engine power below 2,000 meters . a. pilots must restart it as soon as possible b. pilots should repair it as soon as possible c. pilots may eject for safety d. pilots should bring it to a safe landing 69. according to the passage, what kind of person is li feng? a. he is cool-headed. b. he is confident.c. he is fearless and cool under pressure. d. all of the above.70. what is the best title for the passage? a. flying the fighter correctly b. when to give up the aircraft c. how to deal with an engine emergency d. bring the fighter to a safe landing 【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(八)】dthe high school prom is the first formal social event for most american teenagers.it has also been a rite(仪式) of passage for young americans for nearly a century.the word “prom” was first used in the 1890s，referring to formal dances in which the guests of a party would display their fashions and dancing skills during the evenings grand march.in the united states，parents and educators have come to regard the prom as an important lesson in social skills.therefore，proms have been held every year in high schools for students to learn proper social behavior.the first high school proms were held in the 1920s in america.by the 1930s，proms were common across the country.for many older americans，the prom was a modest，homegrown affair in the school gymnasium.promgoers were well dressed but not fancily dressed up for the occasion：boys wore jackets and ties and girls their sunday dresses.couples danced to music provided by a local amateur band or a record player.after the 1960s，and especially since the 1980s，the high school prom in many areas has become a serious exercise in excessive consumption，with boys renting expensive tuxedos and girls wearing designer gowns.expensive cars were hired to drive the promgoers to big restaurants or discos for an allnight celebrationswhether simple or lavish，proms have always been more or less upsetting events for adolescents who worry about selfimage and fitting in with their peers.prom night can be a fearful experience for socially awkward teens or for those who do not secure dates.since the 1990s，alternative proms have been organized in some areas to meet the needs of particular students.for example，proms organized by and for homeless youth were reported.there were also “couplefree” proms to which all students are welcome.41in what way are high school proms significant to american teenagers?athey are part of the graduation ceremony.bthey are occasions for teens to show off their wealth.cthey are important events for teenagers to learn social skills.dthey are formal events in which teens share their fearful experiences.42which best expresses the main idea of the third paragraph?aproper social behavior must be observed by promgoers.bproms held in earlier times gave less pressure to teenagers.cproms are regarded as important because everyone dresses up for the occasion.dthe prom has changed from a modest event to an expensive party over the years.43according to the text，what led to alternative proms?anot all students behaved well at the proms.bproms were too serious for young promgoers.cteenagers wanted to attend proms with their dates.dstudents with special needs did not enjoy conventional proms.44which is true according to the text?aunconventional proms have been organized since the 1990s.bin the 1980s，proms were held in local churches for teenagers to attend.cproms have been a significant event in american high schools since the 1930s.din the 1890s，high school proms were allnight social events.45which of the following is suggested but not clearly stated?amany high school students attend proms together with their lovers.bthe first high school proms were held in the 1920s in america.cprom night can be a fearful experience for socially awkward teens.dthe high school prom is the first formal social event for most american teenagers.41c根据第一段首句和第二段末句可知答案。42d第三段主要讲述了proms由简朴到奢华的发展过程。43d答案依据在文章末段。因为传统proms给部分学生带来心理压力，故催生了一些替代形式。44c20世纪90年代之前，不论简朴还是豪华，proms都属传统型的(conventional)，后来才产生了非传统型的，据此排除a项；全文提到的proms的举办场地有学校体育馆、大饭店等，但没有一处提到church，故排除b；第三段说自20世纪30年代proms普及以来，中学生及家长越来越重视，将其看作中学生重大社交活动。据此可确认答案为c；根据第二段可知，19世纪90年代prom还只是成人间的社交舞会，根本未进入学校，故排除d。45a第三段首句、第四段第二句和第一段首句分别明确而具体地交代了b、c、d选项中的信息，只有选项a中的信息在第四段中有暗示“who do not secure dates”，此处的“dates”指约会的恋人。阅读理解-a- (2011全国卷，a)since 1984 ，philadelphia has been cleaning up its act. one by one，graffiticovered walls are being changed into outdoor art. so far，more than 1,800 murals (壁画) have been painted. philadelphia now has more murals than any other american city. the walls that were once ugly with graffiti (涂鸦) are now covered with beautiful pictures of historical heroes and modern art, thanks to the mural arts program (map). its work makes schools and public places attractive, and its citizens very proud. the program began as part of philadelphias antigraffiti network. jane golden is the maps artistic director. “when people ask me what our program is about, ”she says，“i answer them with one word: hope.” each year, the map offers youth art programs and workshops. some onetime graffiti writers even help paint map murals.the maps work, says golden, is all about developing a sense of community (社区). when a neighborhood requests a mural，the map works with the people there to develop a message. some messages have been “safe streets，”“love and care, ”and “peace walk.”the map receives up to 50 requests for murals each week. last year，the workers painted 140 murals.“the making of a mural enters peoples collective memory as an extraordinary，pleasant moment in neighborhood history，”says golden，who began as a muralist in los angeles. 本文论述了费城通过map这一项目逐步地将墙体上的涂鸦变成了一种室外艺术形式壁画，从而给人们带来了新的希望。1. what can be the best title for the text?a. love，from graffiti writers to muralistsb. map, a new company in philadelphiac. jane，an excellent mural artistd. hope，one wall at a time答案：d。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍费城通过map这一项目逐步地将墙体上的涂鸦变成了一种室外艺术形式壁画，从而给人们带来了新的希望。2. what is the mural arts program in philadelphia aimed at?a. helping the young find jobs.b. protecting the neighborhood.c. fighting against graffiti.d. attracting more visitors.答案：c。细节理解题。由第二段的“the program began as part of philadelphias antigraffiti network.”可知c项正确。3. how does the map decide on the message for a mural?a. by having discussions with people in the community.b. by seeking advice from the city government.c. by learning from the young graffiti writers.d. by studying the history of the city.答案：a。细节理解题。由第三段第二句可知答案为a项。4which of the following words best describes the work of the map?a. difficult. b. dangerous.c. experimental. d. successful.答案：d。推理判断题。由文章第四段可知the map每周会收到很多的邀请，每年会画很多的壁画，故可推出工作很成功，答案为d项。阅读理解-b- (2011黄冈适应性考试，b)a few months before i was born, my dad met a stranger who was new to our small town. from the beginning, dad was fascinated with this enchanting newcomer and soon invited him to live with our family. the stranger was quickly accepted and was around to welcome me into the world a few months later.as i grew up, i never questioned his place in my family. in my young mind, he had a special position. my parents were complementary instructors：mom taught me the words, and dad taught me to obey them. but the stranger. he was our storyteller. he would keep us spellbound for hours on end with adventures, mysteries and comedies.if i wanted to know anything about politics，history or science，he always knew the answers about the past, understood the present and even seemed able to predict the future! he made me laugh, and he made me cry. the stranger never stopped talking, but dad didnt seem to mind.i now know that my early concepts about relationship were influenced strongly by the stranger. time after time, he opposed the