湖北省黄石市高考英语一轮阅读理解和书面表达选练（3）.doc

湖北省黄石市2016高考英语一轮阅读理解和书面表达选练（3）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。humpback whaleshumpback whales are sometimes called performers of the ocean. this is because they can make impressive movements when they dive. the name “humpback”, which is the common name for this whale, refers to the typical curve shape the whales back forms as it dives.sometimes the humpback will dive with a fantastic movement known as a breach. during breaching the whale uses its powerful tail flukes to lift nearly two-thirds of its body not of the water in a giant leap. a breach might also include a sideways twist with fins stretched out like wings, as the whale reaches the height of the breach.a humpback whale breathes air at the surface of the water through two blowholes which are located near the top of head. it blows a double stream of water that can rise up to 4 meters above the water.the humpback has a small dorsal fin located towards the tail flukes about two-thirds of the way down its back. other distinguishing features include large pectoral fins, which may be up to a third of the body length, and unique black and white spots on the underside of the tail flukes. these markings are like fingerprints:no two are the same.humpback whales live in large groups. they communicate with each other through complex “songs”.quick factssize:14m18m in length; 3050 tons in weightlivingenvironment:open ocean and shallow coastline watersmigration:from warm tropical(热带的)waters, where they breed, to cold polar waters, where they eatdiet:shellfish, plants and fish of small sizehunting:sometimes in groups, in which several whales form a circle under the water, blowing bubbles that form a “net” around a school of fish. the fish are then forced up to the surface in a concentrated mass.currentstate:endangered:it is estimated that there are about 50007500 humpback whales worldwide.1. according to quick facts, a humpback whale.a. cannot survive in waters near the shore b. doesnt live in the same waters all the timec. lives mainly on underwater plants d. prefers to work alone when hunting food2. to make a breach, a humpback whale must.a. use its tail flukes to leap out of the water b. twist its body sideways to jump highc. blow two streams of water d. communicate with a group of humpbacks3. from the passage we can learn that a humpback whale.a. has its unique markings on its tail flukes b. has black and white fingerprintsc. gets its name from the way it hunts d. is a great performer due to its songs【参考答案】1-3 baa阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013乌鲁木齐三诊，b)nowadays, it seems that everybody wants to be a leader. countless books about how to manage a company or influence others fill bookstores. but one neednt be a ceo or politician to be a leader. former u. s. president john adams said, “if your action inspires others to dream more, learn more, do more and become more, you are a leader.”the key to becoming such a leader lies in character. people follow only those whom they respect, trust and admire. what attractive traits does such a leader have? below are five of the most important.leaders have couragethe new york firefighters who ran into the burning world trade tower to rescue others are modernday models of courage. yet even more than physical courage, the everyday demands of modern life require moral courage. insisting on doing the right thing despite pressure to act otherwise takes such courage.leaders must face fear and doubt in many of the decisions they make. having these feelings doesnt mean one isnt courageous. after all, courage is not the absence of fear. rather, its doing the right thing despite ones fears.leaders are humblebeing humble simply means having an accurate view of ones own limitations. everybody has limitations. leaders deal with theirs by seeking help from others.when leaders seek help, they recognize the skills that order other people bring to the table. and when they are successful, leaders generously praise all who contributed to the success. humble leaders dont promote themselves; they promote others.learning is a lifelong goal, no matter ones position. humble leaders are never too proud to learn from all sources of knowledgeeven those under them.leaders serve othersjust christ said，“if anyone wants to be first, he must be the very last, and the servant of all.” leaders serve others and put the needs of others before themselves. they make the good of everyone on the team a personal priority.leaders who serve others help the whole team accomplish more. leaders do things to make sure everybody has the resources needed. they go the extra mile to help out during a busy rush. when leaders serve, followers are also encouraged to serve each other.leaders have passionmoney or success can motivate someone to show up for an activity. but what motivates one to really put his heart into something? the answer is passionthe feeling that the activity is significant.outstanding leaders inspire others because they are motivated by passion for what they do. leaders show the significance of routine work to others by emphasizing the big picture. they demonstrate how an activity not only benefits the individual, but also ones family, community and entire society. their passion ignites the passion of others.leaders have integrityones integrity can be measured by what one does when nobody is looking. leaders practice what they preach all the time, not just in the presence of others. leaders also set the example for integrity. if a leader values being punctual, he arrives early.leadership is more about who you are than what you know or can do. by following these principles, you can become a better person. and that in turn will make you a better leader. 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了领导者的特征和品质，要做一名领导者不一定要做ceo或政客，如果你的行为能激励他人，让他人学到更多，做得更多，成就更多，你就是一名领导者。5which should be the very beginning of the text?astrong and effective leadership might have made the team more successful.bleadership is the position of being the leader.cleadership is not just about what you know or doits also about who you are!dleadership refers to the set of characteristics.答案：c推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“leadership is more about who you are than what you know or can do.”可知，本文主要讲述领导并不是关于他们所懂的和所做的，而是关于他们个人的品格特征等，首段通常与尾段相呼应，故c项正确。6what does the underlined word “traits” probably mean?aa strong point that one who serves in a special field should be skilled in.ba particular characteristic that can produce a particular type of behavior.ca physical or mental power that is needed to do something.da clear purpose that a good leader should work with.答案：b词义猜测题。根据该句中的“such a leader have”以及下文所介绍的领导者的五个重要的品格特征可知，traits意为“人的个性特点”，故b项正确。7this action “if a leader wants everyone to work hard, he works harder.” belongs to _.aleaders are humble bleaders serve otherscleaders have passion dleaders have integrity答案：d推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第三句“leaders also set the example for integrity.”可知，领导者往往起到榜样的作用，由此可推出，“领导者想要他人努力工作，他也努力工作”能体现出leaders have integrity这个品质。故d项正确。8what could be the best title for the text?aa leaders character ba leader for an organizationcthe abilities of a leader dthe responsibilities of a leader答案：a标题概括题。根据第二段最后两句“what attractive traits does such a leader have? below are five of the most important.”以及最后一段第一句“leadership is more about who you are than what you know or can do.”可知，本文主要讲述了领导者的品质。故a项正确。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013西宁市质检一，c)a year after graduation, i was offered a position teaching a writing class. teaching was a profession i had never seriously considered, though several of my stories had been published. i accepted the job without hesitation, as it would allow me to wear a tie and go by the name of mr. davis. my father went by the same name, and i liked to imagine people getting the two of us confused. “wait a minute，” someone might say，“are you talking about mr. davis the retired man, or mr. davis the respectable scholar？”the position was offered at the last minute, and i was given two weeks to prepare, a period i spent searching for briefcase (公文包) and standing before my fulllength mirror, repeating the words，“hello, class. im mr. davis.” sometimes i would give myself an aggressive voice. sometimes i would sound experienced. but when the day eventually came, my nerves kicked in and the true mr. davis was there. i sounded not like a thoughtful professor, but rather a 12yearold boy.i arrived in the classroom with paper cards designed in the shape of maple leaves. i had cut them myself out of orange construction paper. i saw nine students along a long table. i handed out the cards, and the students wrote down their names and fastened them to their breast pockets as i required.“all right then，” i said. “okay, here we go.” then i opened my briefcase and realized that i had never thought beyond this moment. i had been thinking that the students would be the first to talk, offering their thoughts and opinions on the events of the day. i had imagined that i would sit at the edge of the desk, overlooking a forests of hands. every student would yell. “calm down, youll all get your turn. one at a time, one at a time！”a terrible silence ruled the room, and seeing no other opinions, i inspected the students to pull out their notebooks and write a brief essay related to the theme of deep disappointment.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。毕业一年后，作者得到了一份教授写作课程的工作。文章重点介绍了作者教学过程中难忘的第一堂课。9the author took the job to teach writing because _.ahe wanted to be respected bhe had written some storiesche wanted to please his father dhe had dreamed of being a teacher答案：a细节理解题。根据第一段第三至五句“. as it would allow me to wear a tie and go by the name of mr. davis. or mr. davis the respectable scholar？”可知，作者接受这份工作是希望得到别人的尊重。故a项正确。10what can we learn about the author from paragraph 2?ahe would be aggressive in his first class.bhe was wellprepared for his first class.che got nervous upon the arrival of his first class.dhe waited long for the arrival of his first class.答案：c细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“but when the day eventually came, my nerves kicked in and the true mr. davis was there.”可知，等第一节课真正到来时，作者感到十分紧张。故c项正确。11before he started his class, the author asked the students to _.awrite down their suggestions on the paper cardsbcut maple leaves out of the construction paperccut some cards out of the construction paperdwrite down their names on the paper cards答案：d细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“. and the students wrote down their names and fastened them to their breast pockets as i required.”可知，d项正确。【天津市蓟县二中2014高考英语模拟试题】写作（满分30分）michael是一名美国中学生，在学校里选修汉语。他利用暑假到中国进修，希望进一步了解中国文化。有一天，他看到下面有关成语的漫画，不大明白其中的意思。请你用英语把漫画所表达的故事和寓意写成一篇短文，向他解释。注意：1、词数：801202、参考词汇：撞上bump into;锄头 hoe 【参考范文】写作（满分30分）one possible version:once upon a time there was a farmer who worked hard in the fields every day.one day, while he was ploughing the fields, he heard a bumping sound. he saw a rabbit lying by the trunk. he picked it up and found that it was a fat rabbit. he thought to himself,since it is so easy to get a rabbit like that, why should i work so hard all daylong?! he threw his hoe away and lay by the tree every day, dreaming for more rabbits