八年级unit3-4.docx

1、 borrowborrow sth from sb borrow sbs sth 这里涉及的是borrow和lend的用法 1)borrow是以借者为主体，从他人处借入、借进来某东西为己方所用。虽是及物动词，但其后一般接的宾语为没有生命的物体【没听过有借人的】而不是人。borrow 的是sth而非sb 常用句式为： borrow sth from sb ，borrow sbs sth(sbs为形容词性物主代词，表示所有关系) 例： I borrowed a pen from him。 I borrowed his pen because mine was broken. 2)lend则是以被借者为动作发出的主体，把某物借给他人,其后可以接双宾语，既可以是人也可以是物。常用句式为： lend sb sth =lend sth to sb 例： I lent him a pen.=I lent a pen to him.(lent为lend的过去式)2、provide一、provide作提供；供给讲时，常用于以下结构：1. 接名词作宾语。It is said that the management will provide food and drink.据说管理部门将供应饮食。2. 用于provide sth. for sb.结构，即向某人提供某物，也可用provide sb.with sth. 结构。这两者意思相同，可互换，但介词不可混淆。They provided some necessary support for the sufferers.他们为受难者提供了一些必要的援助。二、provide作规定讲时，其后通常接从句作宾语。The local law provides that valuable ancient buildings must be protected by the government.当地法律规定，政府必须保护那些有价值的古建筑。三、provide常用的习语结构：1. provide against. 为.作好准备；预防.。We should try our best to provide against the return of bird flu.我们应该尽最大努力来预防禽流感的再次发生。2. provide for 提供生活费，养活。He provided for his family by selling newspapers.他靠卖报来养活他的家人。四、provide的过去分词形式provided和V-ing形式providing均可作连词，用来引导条件从句，意为如果.的话；只要.。可直接接从句，也可加上that，二者可互换，但在正式文体中多用provided。I will agree to go providing (that) my expenses are paid.只要为我负担费用，我就同意去。3、 comparecomparewith表示“把与相比（同类相比）”， compareto表示“把比做（异类相比，比喻）”。 1 compare .with.有时相当于compare .and.当涉及考察两个相象的事物以辨别他们的相似或差别时，它取with ： The police compared the forged signature with the original. 警察将伪造的签名与原来的作比较。 You should only compare like with like. 只应在同类事物中作比较。 You just cant compare Tom and Bryan. 你无法比较汤姆和布莱恩。 You just cant compare Hawaii and Alaska. 你压根儿没法把夏威夷同阿拉斯加相比。 This one cannot compare with that one. 这个与那个无比较。 Walking cant compare with flying. 走路比不上飞 2当它涉及描述不同事物相似性的活动时，Compare 常用介词 to ： He compared her to a summer day. 他将她比为夏天。 Scientists sometimes compare the human brain to a computer. 科学家有时将人脑比作电脑。4、 work out1. 脱出；冒出；出现；逐渐显现：The situation worked out quite well.情况到最后相当不错。2. 掘尽，采掘完(矿)；消耗完(精力等)；使精疲力竭一般作被动语态：That old mine was worked out long ago.那座老矿早就挖完了。3. = work off (2.)4. 实行；实现；产生预期的结果：I really think that this interesting scheme will work out.我确实认为这个有趣的方案可能成功。5. 解决；找到的答案：to work out a problem解决问题6. 算出，计算：Its not easy to work out how much it costs to feed the average family.算出一个一般家庭的花费并非易事。7. 能得到解决或解答：Dont worry. Ill work things out.别着急，我会解决这些事的。8. 理解，弄懂；知道：He was working out some coded messages.他在破译几项密码。9. 被执行，被实践10. 【体育】(运动选手)训练，锻炼，参加训练课程以达到良好的竞技状态(或运动技能)；操练，煞费苦心地达到(或做到)：Working out for an hour every day is good for your health.每天锻炼一小时对你的健康有好处。11. 做出，设计出，制定出：Students worked out a better method of learning English.学生们找到了一种更好的学习英语的方法。12. 理解(某人的)性格，了解(某人的)本性：No one in the office can work the old man out.办公室里没人能摸透那老头的脾气。13. 在工作中度过(时间)：That old wifeless man works out his time every day.那个孤独的老人天天干活打发时间。14. (以工作)抵偿(债务)：I dont agree with him to work out the debt.我不同意他以做工抵债。15. 在外当雇工16. 发展；发挥5、 allow6、 get on with7、 forgetstop用法展示1) stop to do sth. 停止下来，去做另一件事。如： We are tired. Lets stop to have a rest. 我们累了，我们停下来歇会儿吧。2) stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事。如:“Stop talking, please. Lets sing an English song.” said the teacher.“不要说话了，让我们唱支英文歌曲吧。”老师说。提示板： stop 用法一句清。When the teacher came in, the students stopped talking; when the teacher went out , the students stopped to talk. 老师走进来时，学生们停止说话；老师走出去时，学生们又停下来开始说话了。B. forget用法展示1) forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事如： Dont forget to turn off the light when you leave. 你离开时不要忘记关灯。2) forget doing sth. 忘记已经做了某事。如： I forgot telling him about it. 我忘记了曾把这件事告诉你了Boss: What day is it today?Secretary: Its Thursday.Boss: Oh, dear! I forgot to attend the important meeting.Secretary: But you have attended it.Boss: Really? When did I attend it?Secretary: You attended it last Thursday.Boss: I am so forgetful! I forgot attending it.C. remember用法展示1) remember to do sth. 记住要做某事。如： Remember to post the letter for me.记住给我邮这封信。2) remember doing sth. 记得做过某事。如： I remember