Construction Machinery and Equipment.doc

Construction Machinery and EquipmentConstructionMachineryandEquipmentV01.38No.11AbstractsinEnglishTestandResearchofHydrodynamicRetardersRetarderisanimportantauxiliarybrakingsysteminvehiclestransmissionsystem.Brakingwitllaretardercandecreasethewealoftravelbrake,preventtravelbrakefailuresandensurethesafetravelingsoretardersarewidelyusedonmodernvehicles.Structureandworkprincipleofahydrodynamicretarderarealialyzed.Asetofelectroniccontrolunitisdevelopedaimingattheprinciple.Basedonthevariousrelatedsignalscollectedbyhard-warecircuit.theelectroniccontrolunitrealizesthecontrolofdif-ferentbreakingtorquesunderdifferentgearssothatthevehiclecankeepaconstantspeedondowngrade.Brakingperformanceoftheretarderistestedonatestbenchandapracticalvehiclerespectively.Testresultsshowthattheretarderpresentsasatisfactorybrakingundertheconditionsofhighspeedandhighoilchargingwhereasabasicallyconstantbrakingtorqueisprovidedfordowngradevehicleswhileinlowspeedandlowoilcharging.Keywords:HydrodynamicretarderVehiclebrakingTestTorqueMOdel966HWheelLoaderMaintechnicalparameters,structuralcharacteristicsandsuitableworkconditionsofmodel966Hwheelloaderareexpatiated.Itsmainstructuresincludepowertransmissionsystem,workattachmentandmachineframe,hydraulicsteeringsystem,attachmenthydraulicsystem,separateheatradiatingsystem,brakingsystem,drivercompartmentandenginehood.Anelectricallycontrolledhydro-mechanicaltransmissionsystemisadopted,whichfeaturessatisfactorypowerperformanceandhi【ghreliability.Theattachmentandframeprovidestablestructuresandhighstrengthviaoptimaldesign.Dual-pumpconvergingtechnologyisemployedinhydraulicsystemsothatthereishttlepowerlossandfullusageofenginepowerandhighfueleconomyisobtained.AdoubletaperedO-sealingfromGermantechnologyisappliedtohydrauliccircuitsandanoffset-positionedpre-pressurizedoiltankisusedtopreventexcessivewearofpumpsandprolongtheirservicelife.Afineoilfilterisaddedtoreduceoilcontaminationandextendoilexchangeintervalswitlltwostagefiltering.TheseparateheatradiatingsystemutilizesspareenginepowertolookaftertheheatdissipatingofeverypartandthedissipatingcapacityCallbeimprovedwhenloadsincrease,whichmeansthatthesystemheatbalanceismorerationalandenergysaving.Drivercompartmentfeatureswidevisibility,excellentnoiseisolationandsealing,andsatisfactoryvibrationreduction.Theenginehoodshowselegantprofilewhileassuringoverallstrengthandrigidity.Keywords:WheelloaderWorkattachmentHydraulicsystemHeatdissipatingsystemElectricallyControlledPower-shiftTransmissiononModels】阻I2Dozer-.-.-.Onabasisoffullyinvestigating,anelectricallycontrolledpawer-shifttransmissionsuitablefordomesticsituationswasdeve1.opedformodelSD42dozerabsorbingadvancedtechnologiesandexperienceshomeandabroadandinassociationwithpracticaldomesticmanufacturingconditions.Thetransmissioniscomposedoftwoparts:controlpartandplanetarytransmission.Itissuitablefordozersof420hpclassandofratedinputpower/speed3lOkW/2OOOrpmandwiththreeforwardshiftsandthreereversesrespectively.Thetransmissionemploysaplanetarygeartypepawershifttransmissionfeaturinghighstructuralrigidity,lowloadingbetweengearteeth,highspeedratioandcompactdesign,itselec-tricallycontroliedmodemakeseveryclutchchargeoilandshiftaccordingtopresetoilchargingcurvesothatasmoothshiftcanbeobtainedandproductservicelifeanddrivingcomfortarein-creased.Keywords:Power-shifttransmissionElectricallycontrolledspeedshiftingvalveClutchShiftcontroHerSeveralProbleatsExistinginTowerCranesManufacturedwithImportedTechnologiesPotain,France,isawellknownprofessionaltowercranemanu-facturerontheworld.ModelFO/23BandmodelH3,36Bwereitsmostrepresentativeproductsinlastcentury.Morethantwentyyearsago,threelargestdomestictowercranemanufacturersim-portedthetechnologyandhavebeenproducingmodelFO/23BandmodelH3/36Bself-elevatingtowercranesthemselves.Thesaidseriestowercraneswereactuallythemostadvancedandpracticalconstructionmachineryatthetime.Buttoday,aftertwentyyears,exceptforsometowercranesadoptingnewtechnolo-giesonlifting,luffingandslewingmechanisms,thetwomodelsandtheirderivedproductsstilloccupyalmosthalfofdomestictowercranemarket.Sometechnicalproblemsexistingatthebeginningofimportingstillharassthemanufacturersandsomeenterprisesevenaempttodisguisetheseproblemswitllsomeim-propermanners.Inthearticle,keysoftheproblemsarerevealedandanalyzed;countermeasurestosolvethemaresuggestedbriefly.Keywords:TowercraneLiftingmechanismGeartransmissionLuffingmechanismOilbearingFiniteElementModelingandSimulationResearchofSpreadingBoomonMaterialSpreaderTakingtheboomstructureof40mlongreachmaterialspreaderfirstdevelopeddomesticallyasastudyingobjective,accuratemodelingandsimulationloadingofthecomplexmaterialspreadingboomsystemisrealizedbasedonANSYSsoftwareplatformwithAPDLmethodofparametricmodelingandconnectingtechnologyofmulti-units.Theboomisvirtuallyassignedintorods,ConstructionMachineryandEquipmentV01.38No.11AbstractsinEnglish?-00000一00一0-0-一0一0一一beams,plates.sheHs,masses,springs,dampingandotherme-chanicalfactorsaccordingtotheirstructuralcharacteristics,con-nectingtypesandloadingfeaturesofeverycomponent.Differentmechanicalfactorscorrespondstodifferentanalysisunittypes;variousunitsformacomplicatedspacialrigidframemodeltogeth-erafterbeingconnected.Referringtorelateddesigncodesandoperationconditionsandinassociationwithsimulationconclusionsofmulti-bodydynamicsystem,themostdangerousworkconditioncombinationsareconsideredas:positioningthespreaderbodyataforwardangle.theboominfullreach.positioningtheboominaupwardangle,theboominhighestpositionwhilewiththemaximumwindbearingsurfaceatwindgrade6,consideringadditionaldynamicloadandetc.Mainloadsconsideredincalcu-lationare:deadweightoftheboom,weightofbeltandsupportrollers,materialweight,weightofmaterialpilingandchute,windloadandadditionaldynamicloadetc.Intheresearch,influencingsituationofeachloadontheboomtocomprehensivemechanicalperformancesanddistributingregularityofeachboomsectiondis-tortionunderfuIIloadareobtained.Thesimulationshowst1atthemaximumdeflectiondifferencebetweenemptyandfullloadsofboomisabout0.103mwhichmeetstherequirementsforsafeop-erationofmaterialspreaderwithlongreachboom.Weightofdeliveringmaterialandadditionalweightduetothepilingbetweenchutehopperandmaterialonlyexertalittleinfluenceonthemax-imumdeflectionandlimitstressesoftheboom.butmoIeontip-pingperformanceufthebasicmachine.Keywords:MaterialspreaderBoomParametricmodelingSimulationGeneticAlgorithmBasedOptimalDesignforNonlinearSupportSystemofVehicleSeatsAseatsupportsystemisoneofimportantfactorsinfluencingtravelsmoothnessofavehicle.Anoptimizedmodehngofseatsupportsystemwillbenefitridingcomfortofaseat.Aonedegreeoffree-dom,nonlinearseatmodelisadoptedandoptimaldesignfortheseatsupportisconductedbasedonthemode1.Duringoptimalpa-rameterdesignofthenonlinearseatsupportsystem,fourworkconditionsareconsidered.Soeachtimewhenadaptabilityvalueiscalculated,differentpavementconditionshouldbeimportedtocalculaterandomnonlinearresponsetoobtainaccelerationre-sponseofthedrivercabunderthefourworkconditionsandtherearenoderivativeandothereffectiveinformationprovidedbyob-jectivefunctionsothatordinaryoptimizationalgorithmbehaveslesscapableinthiskindofoptimizationproblems.Bymeansofnicheself-adaptinggeneticalgorithm,satisfactoryoptimalresultsareachieved.Afteloptimization,nonlinearrigidityofseatsupportsystemmatchesmoretodampingparametervaluesothevibrationtransferratioofseatsupportsystemisreduced.Asatisfactoryvibrationdampingresultofthesystemisobtainedunderthematch-一-一betweentherigidityanddampingparameterandridingcomfortoftheseatisincreased.Allaboveprovidesatheoreticalreferenceforthedevelopmentofrelatedvibrationdampingseatsofoff-roadve-hieles.Keywords:VehicleseatsupportsystemOptimaldesignNicheserf-adaptinggeneticalgorithmSmoothnessDevelopmentofaTestBenchforControlSystemofGroutShieldWiththepurposestoshortendevelopmentperiodofshieldcontrolsystemandavoidtheunsafetyofimperfect-designedcontrolsys-ternwhenconnecteddirectlytotheshieldandatthesametime,fortheconvenienceofoptimaldesignandremotefailurediagnosingofthesystem,itisveryimportanttodevelopatestbenchfortheshieldcontrolsystem.Thetestbenchconsistsofshieldcontrolsystemandshieldperformanceemulationsystem;thecontrolsys-terniscomposedofsignalcollectingdeviceandcontrollers;aphysicalsimulationsystemandamathematicalemulationsystemformtheshieldperformanceemulationsystem.Operatedbythecontrolsystem,iftheperformanceemulationsystemcanrealizevariousactionswithsomelogicrelationshipsandmeetdesignre-quirementsofvariousparameterssuchaspressure,flowrate,dis-placement,speed,time,rotatingspeed,torque,postureangle,temperatureandliquidleveletc.,itshowsthatthedesignofcon-trolsystemiscorrectandprovidesconditionsforconnectiontopracticalshield.Ifperformanceemulationsystemcantrealizeex-pectedperformancesundercontrolsystem,itshownsthattherearesomeproblemsinparametersordesignofthecontrolsystemandthedesignneedtobeadjustedormodified.Inperformancein-spectionbyNationalQualitySupervisionandInspectionCenterofMiningMachinery,20inspecteditemsofthetestbenchpassedqualification.Thetestbenchfeaturesadvantagesofcompleteper-formance,highsimulatinglevel,clearnessbetweentheprimaryandthesecondary,combinationofthevirtualwiththepractical,simplestructure,andeaseofextension.Thetestbenchprovidesanimportanttestmeasureforautonomousdevelopmentofshieldbor_ingmachine.Keywords:ShieldControlsystemPerformanceSimulationInspectionTestbenchINVENTORBasedDesignofBucketWheelStackerThecompleteproceduretosetupmodelsandconductvirtualas-sembliesforrelatedpartsandcomponentsofabucketwheelstackerin3DdesignsoftwareINVENTORenvironmentisdis-cussedinthearticle.Effectivecountermeasuresaresuggestedaimingatcommonproblemsoccurringinmodelestablishmentandassemblyprocedures.Wi也t1efiniteelementanalysistoolatConstructionMachineryandEquipmentV0l-38No.11AbstractsinEnglish-.-.tachedtoINVENTOR,finiteelementstressanddistortionanalysisiscarriedoutondesignedproductandinterferencecheckingofcomponentsandoverallmachineisconducted.Engineeringdrawingsgeneratingduringthelaterdesignperiodisdiscussed.ElectricwiringproblemintraditionaldesigniseffectivelysolvedandoveralldesignofbucketwheelstackeriscompletedbasedonINVENTOR.Periodsoftechnologicalimprovementanddevelopmentofnewproductsaregreatlyshortenedanddesignefficiencyisincreased.Safeandreliabledesignresultsaleobtained.Keywords:INVENTORBucketwheelstackerFiniteelementanalysisBriefDiscussiononIntakeSystemofInternalCombustionForkliftsWakeflowrateoftheengineisfirstlycalculatedaccordingtoitstechnicalparameters,then,acomprehensiveconsiderationispaidaccordingtointakeflowratevalue,permittedspacetoassembleanintakesystemonavehicleaswellastheenginerequirementsonintakerestrictionthatinvolvesinairfilterselection,layoutforintakecircuitandtestofintakerestrictionandetc.Basisandrequirementsforairfilterselectionisdescribed.Calculationmethodofairflowrateispresentedanddemonstratedwithanexample.Necessirvtouserestrictionindicatorandintakemufflerisdiscussed.Concreterequirementsf0rairfilterassemblypositionaresuggested.whichincludesintakerestrictionrequirements.influencingfactorstointakerestrictionvalueandcheckingmethodofit.AIIcalculationmethod,designrequirementsandcheckingmethodsarereferencesforforkliftdesigners.Keywords:IntakesystemofforkliftAirfilterIntakerestrictionDevelopmentofGearboxforConcreteTransitTruckItisa-domesticmarketdemandtodevelopmodelKR60Agearboxforconcretemixingtransittruck.Inphilosophyofagearboxdevelopment,themaximumoutputtorqueofagearboxshouldbelargeenoughtomixwidermixingdrumcapacityrange,moresuitablevehicles,shorteraxialdimensionandloweroperationnoise.Structureandbasicparameters,includingdriveratio,maximumoutputtorque,planetarygearcenterdistances,moduliandBumbers,aledetermined.Designandcalculationofbearingsandgearsaswellasstrengthanalysisonmiddleboxsection,flanges,planetarycarriersandotherkeycomponentsareallconducted.Diglcultiesandcountermeasuresinthedevelopmentaleintroduced,includingselectionofcomponentmaterials,machiningforinternalgearringinmiddleboxsection,selectionforprofileshiftedgears,determinationofbearingmaterialsandstructuresofplanetarygears.EachtechnicalperformanceofKR60Agearboxistestedbypracticalvehiclesimulationtestandtheresultsshowthatevery-technicalrequirementiSsatisfied.ThesuccessfuldevelopmentofKR60Afilledtheblankinthecountryandlaidabasisforfuturedevelopmentofseriesgearboxproducts;someexperiencesareaccumulatedforrealizingindustralizationofgearboxesonconcretemixingtransittrucks.Keywords:GearboxStructuredesignCalculationStrengthanalysisTestStructureandDesignofLevelingSystemforPlatformMachineryAmechanicallevelingsystemforakindofplatformon-boardve-hiclesisdescribed.Comparedwithhydrauliclevehngsystem,itpresentssignificantadvantageswhenbeingusedtoaccuratelylevelvehiclesorplatforms.Thesystemiscomposedofdrivesystemforplatformoutriggersandcontrolsystemforplatformsupportsys-tem.Duringtheoperation,underthecontrolsystemcommands,anelectricmotordrivesoutriggerstoextend/retracttofulfillautomaticlevelingoftheplatform;duringtheleveling,loadings