高二阅读理解地理类.doc

地理类（1）The total area of the United States is some 9.4 million square kilometers, which makes it the fourth largest country in the world. Its mainland covers a distance of nearly 5,000 kilometers from east to west, and about 2,500 kilometers from south to north. Surrounded by three oceans and the Gulf of Mexico, it has a long coastline(海岸线) of about 20 000 kilometers, which makes it one of the countries with the longest coastline in the world. The United States lies in the south of North America and its southern tip reaches the subtropical zone(亚热带). On the north the country shares more than 6,000 kilometers of land border with Canada which runs approximately(大约) along the 49th parallel(纬线) in the west part and then across the four of the five Great Lakes before turning to the northeast. The border between the United States and Canada is open and undefended. The southern land neighbour of the United States is Mexico with which it shares a common border of some 3,000 kilometers. The coast area of the Gulf of Mexico is the most important oil-producing region(地区) in the United States. To the west of the mainland is the Pacific across which the United States trades(贸易) its products for goods from the Far East. To the east of the country lies the Atlantic which witnessed(目睹) large numbers of European immigrants(移民) sailing to their American colonies(殖民地). The Atlantic is still the most important sea route from the United States to Europe and the Middle East. 1. This passage is mainly about the _ of the United States. A. name B. size and position C. population D. coastline2. The United States is _. A. the largest country in the world B. a country with the longest coastlineC. in the North of South America D. mainly between the subtropical zone and the 49th parallel3. The most important oil-producing region of the United States is in _. A. the land border with Canada B. the south C. the coast area of the Pacific D. Mexico4. The five Great Lakes belong to _. A. Canada B. Mexico C. the United States D. England 5. The people of the United States were mostly immigrants from _. A. Europe B. the Atlantic C. the Far East D. the Middle East 6. Which of the drawings below gives the correct position and shape of the United States? (P=Pacific; GM=the Gulf of Mexico; C=Canada; M=Mexico; A=Atlantic)有图：见高考英语模拟试题集注P115页【答案与解析】本文主要讲了美国的大陆面积以及其优越的地理位置。1. B。主旨题。根据文章内容可知此题选B。2. D。推断题。美国是世界第四大国，故A项错误；由文中第1段最后一句可知是和三大洋以及墨西哥湾一起组成世界最长的海岸线，故B项错误；从第2段第1句 The United States lies in the south of North America 可知 C 项错误，故答案选 D。3. B。推断题。根据 The southern land neighbour 和 The coast area of the Gulf of Mexico is the most important oil-producing region(地区) in the United States可知墨西哥湾沿海岸是美国最重要的石油产地，故此题答案为B。但不能选D(墨西哥)。4. C。细节题。从文中第2段第2句可知此题选C。5. A。细节题。从 large numbers of European immigrants(移民) sailing to their American colonies 可知答案为A。6. B。推断题。从文中美国的地理位置“北边是Canada，南边是Mexico”和大陆面积“东西约5 000千米，南北约2 500千米”可知答案选B。（2）Eclipse of the sun (日食)Beginning around ten past eight, most part of our country can see an annular(环状的) eclipse of the sun today. Generally, the umbra(本影) of the moon does not reach the earths surface; however, because of the eccentricity(偏心) of the moons orbit(轨迹) sometimes the umbra of the moons shadow extends to the earths surface. Then a total eclipse of the sun takes place. The observer within the area covered by the umbra sees the dark circle of the moon completely hiding the suns disk(日轮). An annular eclipse happens when the umbra is directed toward the earth but it is too short to reach it. Within a small area of the earths surface the moon is seen almost centrally projected(投影) on the disk of the sun, but the moon appears slightly the smaller of the two, so that a ring of the suns disk remains uncovered. 1. We can see an annular eclipse of the sun about _ today. A. 8:10 a.m. B. 10:08 a.m. C. 8:10 p.m. D. 10:08 p.m.2. The direct reason of the suns total eclipse lies in the fact that _. A. the moon moves in an eccentric orbitB. the umbra of the moon gets to the earths surfaceC. the umbra of the moon does not reach the earths surface D. both A and B3. When an annular eclipse of the sun appears, _. A. we can see a ringlike the moon B. the sun is smaller than the moon C. a part of the umbra of the moon reaches the earths surfaceD. the umbra can not reach the earth but it faces the earth directly4. When a total eclipse of the sun happens _.A. the observer can see a ringlike sunB. the observer can see the suns round surface C. the observer can not see the sun at allD. the observer can see the suns shadow only5. Which is the figure(图) of an annular eclipse of the sun? (E=the earth; M=the moon; S= the sun)有图：见高考英语模拟试题集注P132页(ABDCB)【答案与解析】本文主要说明日食是怎样形成的。1. A。从文中第1句可得知答案为A。2. B。从文中第2段可知日全食的形成的直接原因是有时月球的本影延伸到地球表面，所以答案选B。3. D。从文中第3段第1句可知答案为D(too short to reach it= can not reach the earth)。4. C。从第2段最后一句sees the dark circle of the moon completely hiding the suns disk可知月球光环把日轮完全地遮住了，所以此题答案选C(根本看不到太阳)。5. B。根据常识可排除C、D，因为发生日食时，太阳、月球和地球应在同一直线上；虽然A、B两图中的太阳、月球和地球处于同一直线上，但根据An annular eclipse happens when the umbra is directed toward the earth but it is too short to reach it 可确定答案为B。（3）When the Federal government of Australia was formed in 1901, no one knew where Australias capital would be. The two cities of Melbourne and Sydney both wanted the honor. Instead, the founding fathers chose for the new capital a site(地点) halfway between the two. The government would build a new city called Canberra as the countrys capital. In 1911, the government invited the worlds leading architects(建筑师) to enter designs for Canberra in a contest(比赛). An American architect from Chicago named Walter Griffin won. The government decided to build Canberra according to his plan. Men started work on Canberra in 1913, but twenty-four years passed before the city was finished.At one time, almost everyone in Canberra worked for the government. However, the city today has become a center of education and a favorite place for tourists(旅游者). Now people can hold a government job, or they can work in business. They can also earn a living by teaching or by meeting the needs of tourists. Canberra is now Australias largest inland(内陆的) city. Many people living there have come from other cities in Australia and from other lands. They have come to Canberra to work. Some have come to escape the more hectic(狂热的) way of life found in many other cities. 1. Why was the city of Canberra designed by an American?A. He was a leading architect of that time. B. He was probably the designer of Washington D. C.C. He won in a design contest. D. The Australian hoped the new capital would be like Chicago.2. The city of Canberra was finished _. A. in 1901 B. in 1911 C. in 1913 D. in 19373. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Canberra is the largest city of Australia. B. There are a number of schools and colleges in Canberra. C. Many people in Canberra work for the government. D. Canberra has become a favorite place for tourists. 4. Which of t