高考英语一轮复习课本回归早读晚练[14].doc

英语备课大师网 收集整理 欢迎使用高考英语课本回归早读晚练14早读：.词汇短语过关1harmful adj. 有害的；伤害的harm n&vt. 损伤；伤害harmless adj. 无害的harmlessness n. 无害be harmful to 对有害do sb. harm/do harm to sb. 对某人有害do more harm than good 弊大于利There is (no) harm in (sb.s) doing sth.(某人)做某事有(无)害处。It does (no) harm (for sb.) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事有(无)害处。mean no harm 没有恶意即学即练1(1)Fruit juice can _ _ _ childrens teeth.果汁可能损坏儿童的牙齿。(2)What he did _ his reputation.他所做的损害了他的名声。答案：be harmful to；harmed(3)He may look fierce, but he _ _ _.他可能看上去很凶，但并无恶意。(4)The court case will _ _ _ _ my business.这起诉讼案件将严重损害我的生意。答案：means no harm；do serious harm to2exist vi. 存在；生存；维持生活existent adj. 存在的，现存的existence n. 存在，生存There exists/existed.某地有，存在exist in 存在于之中exist on 靠为生exist by 靠生存come into existence 开始存在；成立bring into existence 使发生，产生即学即练2(1)_ always _ a force of attraction between two bodies. 两物体间总是存在着吸引力。(2)They _ _ very little food.他们靠极少的食物来生存。(3)That word doesnt _ in English. 英语中没有这个词。答案：There exists；exist on；exist(4)Fish cant _ _ _ _. 鱼离开水就不能生存。(5)When did the world _ _ _？世界是什么时候开始产生的？答案：exist；out of water；come into existence3puzzle vt. 使困惑；使糊涂n. 难题；谜puzzling adj. 令人困惑的puzzled adj. 感到困惑的puzzle about/over sth. 苦苦思索；仔细琢磨puzzle sth. out 琢磨出的答案；开动脑筋be in a puzzle about sth. 对某事迷惑不解set a puzzle for sb.(set sb. a puzzle) 出个谜语叫某人猜be puzzled by 被迷惑即学即练3(1)Its quite _ _ _ us why he did that.他为何做那样的事，我们完全搞不懂。(2)This sentence _ me. 这个句子令我困惑。(3)I _ _ how to solve the problem.我不知道怎样解决这个问题。(4)The question is _ to me. 这个问题令我困惑。答案：a puzzle to；puzzles；was puzzled；puzzling4in ones turn轮到某人；接着in turn依次；轮流；转而；反过来by turns轮流；交替take ones turn轮到某人做了take turns依次；轮班，轮流on the turn正在转变，正在变化out of turn不合时宜地，鲁莽地即学即练4(1)The girls called out their names _ _.那些女孩儿逐一报出了自己的名字。(2)We make every effort to make more films, and _ _ this creates further environmental pollution.我们在竭力生产出更多的电影，反过来这又造成了进一步的环境污染。答案：in turn；in turn(3)We kept watch _ _.We _ _ to keep watch.我们轮流守望。答案：by turns；took turns5prevent.from 阻止；制止stop sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事protect sb. from.保护某人不受侵袭，挡住，防御keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事即学即练5(1)What can we do to _ this disease _ _？我们能做什么来防止这种疾病蔓延呢？(2)Dont _ others _ for long.不要让别人等太久。答案：prevent/stop/keep from spreading；keep waiting提示：(1)在被动句中 from 均不能省略。如：We were stopped/prevented/kept from going out by the heavy rain.大雨使我们无法外出。(2)protect.from.中 from后接能带来伤害或损害之事物。如：They huddled together to protect themselves from the wind. 他们挤在一起，免受风吹。6cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋cheer sb. up 使某人高兴；使某人振奋cheer on 为加油cheer sb. 为某人喝彩with good cheer 欣然地Cheers! 干杯！祝你健康！(用于祝酒)即学即练6(1)_ _！ The news isnt too bad.振作一点吧！也不是什么太坏的消息。(2)Every time an English runner won a race, the crowd _.每次英国选手赢得赛跑冠军，观众就欢呼。(3)The crowd _ their favourite horse _.观众都替他们看好的马加油。答案：Cheer up；cheered；cheered on7break out (战争、灾难、瘟疫等)突发；爆发(无被动语态)The Second World War broke out in September 1939.“二战”是1939年9月爆发的。A fire broke out in the neighborhood last night.昨晚居民区里发生了火灾。拓展：break away from 脱离(政党等)；打破(陈套等)break down 出故障，抛锚；(计划等)失败；(身体、精神等)垮掉；打倒，砸破；(化合物等)分解break in 破门而入；闯入；打断(话语等)break into 破门而入，突然起来break off 折断；突然中止，断绝，结束break through 突破break up 打碎，拆散；散开，解散；(学校)期末放假，(集会)结束break into pieces 成为碎片即学即练7介、副词填空(1)She started to speak, then broke _ while a waitress served us with coffee.(2)He lost his job and his marriage broke _.(3)Her health broke _ under the pressure of work.答案：off；up；down(4)Should another world war break _， what would become of human beings?(5)Firemen had to break the door _ to reach the people trapped inside.(6)The meeting broke _ at eleven oclock.答案：out；down；up8watch out 注意；当心watch out(for) look out (for)密切注意；留神take care 留神，注意be careful 仔细，留神watch it 当心，小心watch over 照看；看守keep a close watch/eye on 密切注视即学即练8(1)_ _！ There is a car coming!当心！有车来了！(2)_ _ _ cars while crossing the road.过马路时要当心车辆。(3)_ _ not to catch a cold._ _ not to catch a cold. 当心别着凉。答案：Watch out；Watch out for；Be careful；Take care易 错 点 拨自我完善误区备考1. unlike/dislike/alike/likely(1)unlike prep.不同；不像(2)dislike vt. 不喜欢(3)alike adj. 相似的，同样的(4)likely adj. 很可能发生的，有希望的解析：now that 引导原因状语从句，相当于 since，意为：既然。答案：D应用1用 unlike, dislike, alike, likely的适当形式填空：(1)The twins look very much _.(2)_ his brother, he _ playing football.(3)We all think he is _ to win.答案：alike；Unlike；dislikes；likely2. pull/drag/draw(1)pull是普通用语，指一时或突然用力拉，与push相对。有时可用于把某人某物拖、拉到某目的地的或固定的方向。(2)drag是指“拖”“拉”着笨重的物体擦着地面，缓慢而费力地拖、拉动作。(3)draw是指“拖”“拉”的物体向自己所在的方向移动，而且拖、拉的动作是从容的、不太费劲的。应用2(1)She _a truck out from under the bed.(2)_ the door open. Dont push it.(3)_ your chair up to the table.(4)The ants are _ pieces of corn.答案：dragged；Pull；Draw；pulling3. in time/at a time/at one time/on time/in no time/at times/at no timein time及时；总有一天；终于on time按时at one time曾经，一度at a time一次，同时at times有时at no time决不，在任何时候都不in no time立刻，马上应用3(1)This kind of social phenomenon could exist only for a few months, but it will disappear _.(2)_ she wanted to be a nurse, but the thought of working at night put her off.(3)They ran all the way to the corner just _ to catch the bus.答案：in no time；At one time；in time(4)My honey, life is very difficult and cruel _. Wipe your tears.(5)Deal with your questions separately, one _.(6)Be sure to be _. The meeting is very important.(7)_ will we give up.答案：at times；at a time；on time；At no time晚练：自我测评技能备考.单词拼写1He was interested in a_ and always stayed up at night to watch the stars.2Not long ago a v_ earthquake occurred off the coast of Indonesia.3Computer hackers have broken down security s_，raising questions about the safety of information.4Too much sugar can be h_ to childrens teeth.答案：astronomy；violent；systems；harmful5The threestar hotel offers a friendly a_ and personal service.6China has sent up another _ (人造卫星) into space.7There is a lot of rubbish _(漂浮) on the surface of the river.8_ (理论) is based on practice.9The_ (气候) is different from place to place.10. 6 _ (乘) by 5 is 30.答案：atmosphere；satellite；floating；Theory；climate；multiplied .单项选择1Im thinking of the test tomorrow. Im afraid I cant pass this time._！ Im sure youll make it.AGo ahead BGood luckCNo problem DCheer up答案：D解析：考查交际用语。cheer up 用于鼓励别人：振奋起来，别灰心。2(2010湖北百校联考)With the words, he _ a wide mouth jar from his pocket and set it on the table in front of him.Apulled out Bchecked outCstuck out Ddropped out答案：A解析：考查动词短语。语意表示他从口袋里拿出一个广口瓶，用pull out表示“抽，从中抽出来”。check out“结帐离去，办妥手续离去”；stick out“坚持，突出，伸出”；drop out“退出，退学”。3As the busiest woman in Norton, she made _ her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town.Athis BthatCone Dit解析：考查 it做形式宾语，真正宾语为不定式短语 to look after.。答案：D4Completely lost in the exciting _ of the football match, Tom didnt feel his pocket picked.Ascene BviewCatmosphere Dsight答案：C解析：考查名词辨析。atmosphere 在此指“气氛；氛围”。5Many Europeans _ the continent of Africa in the 19th century.Aexploded BexposedCexplored Dexpanded答案：C解析：句意为：许多欧洲人在19世纪对非洲大陆进行了探索。explode爆炸；expose暴露，显示；explore探索；expand扩大。6Its _ for the Shenzhou spaceship that every Chinese feels cheerful and proud.Aso a successful flightBso successful a flightCsuch successful a flightDa such successful flight答案：B解析：考查such.that和so.that句型。句意为：对于“神七”来说，这是一次极为成功的飞行，以至于每个中国人都为之高兴和自豪。“soadj.a可数名词单数”或“suchaadj.可数名词单数”。7He has _ letters to answer and has to work from morning to night.Amuch Ba great deal ofCmasses of Dthe number of答案：C解析：考查修饰名词表“大量”的词的辨析。masses of相当于plenty of，意为“许多；大量”。A、B两项用于修饰不可数名词；the number of意为“的数目”，与题意不符。8(2010陕西西安质检)We were scared to death when the fire _. Fortunately, it was put out before it caused much damage.Abroke out Bcame outCgave out Dturned out答案：A解析：考查动词短语辨析。break out表示“(战争、打斗等不愉快事件)突然发生”；come out表示“出发，发芽”；give out表示“分发，用完”；turn out表示“结果是，生产”。语意：突如其来的大火把我们吓得要死，幸好被扑灭了，没有造成很大损失。A项符合语意。9At the _ news, there was a _ expression on his face.Apuzzled; puzzling Bpuzzling; puzzleCpuzzling; puzzled Dpuzzled; puzzle答案：C解析：第一空用 puzzling “令人迷惑的”修饰 news；第二空指“迷惑的表情”用 puzzled。10Do you think _ life on Mars?Ait exists Bthere existsCit is existed Dthere is existed答案：B解析：考查There exists .句式，意为“某地存在某物”。exist v. 存在。11All possible means _. However, nothing can _ him dying of lung cancer.Ahas tried; stopBhave tried; keepChas been tried; preventDhave been tried; stop答案：D解析：第一空主语 means 是单复数