高考阅读理解二(老师).doc

Passage 1 体裁：记叙文话题：感人故事时间：7分钟(2014广东卷，B)It was a cold winter day.A woman drove up to the Rainbow Bridge tollbooth (收费站)“Im paying for myself，and for the six cars behind me，”she said with a smile，handing over seven tickets.One after another，the next six drivers arriving at the tollbooth were informed，“Some lady up ahead already paid your fare.”It turned out that the woman，Natalie Smith，had read something on a friends refrigerator：“Practice random kindness and senseless acts of beauty.”The phrase impressed her so much that she copied it down.Judy Foreman spotted the same phrase on a warehouse wall far away from home.When it stayed on her mind for days，she gave up and drove all the way back to copy it down.“I thought it was beautiful，”she said，explaining why shed taken to writing it at the bottom of all her letters，“like a message from above.”Her husband，Frank，liked the phrase so much that he put it up on the classroom wall for his students，one of whom was the daughter of Alice Johnson，a local news reporter.Alice put it in the newspaper，admitting that though she liked it，she didnt know where it came from or what it really meant.Two days later，Alice got a call from Anne Herbert，a woman living in Marin.It was in a restaurant that Anne wrote the phrase down on a piece of paper，after turning it around in her mind for days.“Heres the idea，”Anne says.“Anything you think there should be more of，do it randomly.”Her fantasies include painting the classrooms of shabby schools，leaving hot meals on kitchen tables in the poor part of town，and giving money secretly to a proud old lady.Anne says，“Kindness_can_build_on_itself_as_much_as_violence_can.”The acts of random kindness spread.If you were one of those drivers who found your fare paid，who knows what you might have been inspired to do for someone else later.Like all great events，kindness begins slowly，with every single act.Let it be yours!【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，记述了“随意的善举是可以传播的”感人故事。1Why did Natalie Smith pay for the six cars behind her?AShe knew the car drivers well. BShe wanted to show kindness.CShe hoped to please others. DShe had seven tickets.解析事实细节题。第一段说Natalie Smith为其后面的六辆车交费，是她因看到的“Practice random kindness and senseless acts of beauty”这句话给了她深刻印象，她是受这句话的启发，“想给他人施恩”，故选B。答案B2Judy Foreman copied down the phrase because she _.Athought it was beautifully written Bwanted to know what it really meantCdecided to write it on a warehouse wall Dwanted her husband to put it up in the classroom解析事实细节题。由第三段第三句“I thought it was beautiful，”she said，explaining why shed taken to writing it at the bottom of all her letters可知，选A。答案A3Who came up with the phrase according to the passage?AJudy Foreman. BNatalie Smith. CAlice Johnson. DAnne Herbert.解析事实细节题。由第四段中的“It was in a restaurant that Anne wrote the phrase down on a piece of paper”可知，是Anne Herbert想出这句话来的。答案D4Which of the following statements is closest in meaning to the underlined sentence above?AKindness and violence can change the world.BKindness and violence can affect ones behavior.CKindness and violence can reproduce themselves.DKindness and violence can shape ones character.解析词义猜测题。本段中先是Anne Herbert解释她想出的那句话意为：你认为(生活中或世界上)应该多一些存在的事，那么你就随意去做这样的事。接着说她想象中的这类事包括“给破旧教室粉墙”“在穷人区的厨房里留下热饭”等善举。那么该段结尾的话“善举和暴力一样可以在它们自己的基础上建立起来”，可知“善举同暴力一样是可以自我繁衍的”，故选C。答案C5What can we infer from the last paragraph?APeople should practice random kindness to those in need.BPeople who receive kindness are likely to offer it to others.CPeople should practice random kindness to strangers they meet.DPeople who receive kindness are likely to pay it back to the giver.解析推理判断题。由最后一段的第一和第二句可以推知：受到恩惠的人很可能会施惠于他人，将恩惠传播下去。答案BPassage 2 体裁：记叙文话题：人物故事时间：6分钟(2014福建卷)It was Mothers Day morning last year and I was doing shopping at our local supermarket with my fiveyearold son，Tenyson.As we were leaving，we found that only minutes earlier an elderly woman had fallen over at the entrance and had hit her head on the concrete.Her husband was with her，but there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and clearly in shock.Walking towards the scene，Tenyson became very upset about what had happened to the couple.He said to me，“Mum，its not much fun falling over in front of everyone.”At the front of the supermarket，a charity(慈善) group had set up a stand selling cooked sausages and flowers to raise funds.Tenyson suggested that we should buy the lady a flower.“It will make her feel better，”he said.I was amazed that hed come up with this sweet idea.So we went over to the flower seller and asked her if we could buy a flower for the lady to cheer her up.“Just take it，”she replied.“I cant take your money for such a wonderful gesture.”By now paramedics(急救人员)had arrived，and were attending to the injured woman.As we walked up to her，my son became intimidated by all the blood and medical equipment.He said he was just too scared to go up to her.Instead I gave the flower to the womans husband and told him，“My son was very upset for your wife and wanted to give her this flower to make her feel better.”At that，the old man started crying and said，“Thank you so much，you have a wonderful son.Happy Mothers Day to you.”The man then bent down and gave his wife the flower，telling her who it was from.Though badly hurt and shaken，the old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，记述了五岁小男孩Tenyson为了使摔倒的老太太开心，向花摊买花并送给老太太的动人故事。1What does the author intend to tell us?AOne can never be too careful.BActions speak louder than words.CLove begins with a little smile.DA small act of kindness brings a great joy.解析推理判断题。尽管老人受伤严重，但是仍然向作者的儿子露出了微笑。由此可见一个小小的善举都可带来快乐。故选D项。答案D2Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AThe elderly woman was knocked down by Tenyson.BTenysons idea of buying a flower gained his mothers support.CTenysons care for the elderly woman puzzled the flower seller.DThe elderly woman was moved to tears by Tenysons gesture.解析事实细节题。根据第三段中so we went over to the flower seller and asked her if we could buy a flower for the lady to cheer her up.可知Tenyson的主意获得了他母亲的支持，故选B项。答案B3The underlined word“intimidated”in the fourth paragraph probably means“_”Aastonished BstruckCfrightened Dexcited解析词义猜测题。根据he said he was just too scared to go up to her可猜出“intimidated”意思是“害怕的”。故选C项。答案C4What would be the best title for the passage?AFlower Power BMothers DayCAn Accidental Injury DAn Embarrassing Moment解析主旨大意题。尽管老人受伤严重，但是仍然向作者的儿子露出了微笑。所以最好的题目应该是鲜花的力量，故选A项。答案A.仿真、模拟Passage 1 体裁：议论文话题：如何减压时间：6分钟Our children feel stressed out by an educational system that actually uses stress as an educational technique.Its a constant pressure of homework deadlines，essays and exams.And our children are told at a young age that failing a test means that they are failures in life.Theyll end up nowhere if they dont pass this or that exam.Our educational system is based on a very Western idea that life is a struggle and youd better measure up.Its survival of the fittest.While there is some truth to this，not as much as people think.Our ancestors didnt develop a constant stress environment.Back then，stress came quickly and was over quickly，it wasnt like the stress of modern education.Stress was originally just a shortterm biological response to danger；however，the constant stress of modern education rarely stops.Its long term，at least ten years and usually more.Recent research has shown that the neurological(神经系统的)response to stress is the same response that is found in depression.So，whats the solution? A number have been proposed，including but not limited to the following._.Exercise consumes energy that would otherwise build up in the stress response and could cause physical and mental problems.Teach relaxation exercises.Allowing the mind and body to relax cuts off the stress response and reduces the neurological fatigue，enabling the individual to recover at least somewhat.Pay attention to thinking.Training the stressed student to pay attention to his or her own mind to a point where he or she is sufficiently aware to shut off the stress response when necessary.Of course，theres a logical answer to the problem.Just rearrange our teaching methods to encourage，rather than prevent，the natural curiosity and joy in learning that we are all born with.This would remove the stress and probably cut learning time in half.【语篇导读】在现行教育制度下，孩子们的压力很大，已经不堪重负了。作为家长和老师，应该怎样有效的帮助孩子减压呢？1What is the main idea of the passage?ADealing with stress in modern education. BHelping children live a happy life.CGetting rid of the modern education. DTaking measures to learn at school.解析主旨大意题。这是一篇议论文，讲述了现行教育制度下，如何帮助孩子摆脱压力。故选A项。答案A2Children feel stressed because _.Athey dislike the educational technique Bthey have no ability to finish their homeworkCthey are convinced high grades are importantDthey suffer numbers of failures in their life解析细节理解题。依据文章第一段的our children are told at a young age that failing a test means that they are failures in life可知，孩子们很小的时候就被告知考试失败意味着他们生活中也会失败。故选C项。答案C3How did our ancestors treat education?AThey thought education was the only way to success.BThey felt education could bring shortterm stress.CThey believed education could bring the best out.DThey knew the importance of good education.解析推理判断题。依据文章第二段的Back then，stress came quickly and was over quickly可知，我们的祖先那时候，在教育方面压力来得快，也很快结束，是短期行为，故选B项。答案B4Which of the following is the best for the blank?AMake sure that kids get exercise.BQuite a few children avoid exercise.CTry to save energy as much as possible.DSet a few limits to your physical activities.解析推理判断题。运动消耗能量，否则这些能量引起压力反应，可能会导致身体和心理问题。因此让孩子们参加运动，这样可以减压。故选A项。答案A5If you are a teacher in a high school _.Ayou should relax yourself as far as possibleByou should ignore the stressed studentCyou should leave students in a good moodDyou should stick to your teaching methods解析细节理解题。依据文章尾段可知，老师应该鼓励孩子们的好奇心，让孩子们在愉悦中学习。故选C项。答案CPassage 2 体裁：议论文话题：社会生活时间：6分钟Recently，professor of philosophy(哲学)in the United States has written a book called Money and the Meaning of Life.He has discovered that how we deal with money in our daily life has more meaning than we usually think.One of the exercises he asked his students to do is to keep a record of every penny they spend for a week.From the way they spend their money，they can see what they really value in life.He says our relations with others often become clearly defined(清晰的)when money enters_the_picture.You might have wonderful relationship with somebody and you think that you are very good friends.But you will know him only when you ask him to lend some money.If he does，it brings something to the relationship that seems stronger than ever before or it can suddenly weaken the relationship if he doesnt.This person may say that he has a certain feeling，but if it is not carried out in the money world，there is something less real about it.Since money is so important to us，we consider those who possess a lot of it to be very important.The author interviewed some millionaires in researching his book.Question：What is the most surprising thing you have discovered about being rich，because you are a selfmade man?Answer：The most surprising thing is how people give me so much respect.I am nothing.I dont know much.All I am is rich.People just have an idea of making more and more money，but what is it for? How much do I need for any given purposes in my life? In his book，the professor uncovered an important need in modern society：to bring back the idea that money is an instrument rather than the end.Money plays an important role in the material world，but expecting money to give happiness may be missing the meaning of life.【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文，主要谈论的是钱对人的意义。钱只是手段，不是我们追求的目标，钱不能代表任何东西，我们对钱的意义应该有清楚的认识。1According to the first paragraph，people have not realized _.Ahow important money is in their daily lifeBhow one spends money shows what is important to himCthat money is more important than their philosophy of lifeDthat their understanding of life is more important than money解析细节判断题。根据第一段中的From the way they spend their money，they can see what they really value in life.可知，从学生花钱的方式，他们可以看出生活中什么是重要的。这是他让学生做的练习，这是人们原来所不知道的。答案B2The author seems to believe that asking your friend to lend you some money _.Ais a good way to test your friendshipBwill do harm to your friendshipCwill strengthen your friendshipDis a good way to break off your friendship解析推理判断题。根据第二段可知，如果朋友借钱给你会增强你们的友谊，但如果他不借，就会削弱你们的友谊。所以作者认为找朋友借钱是测试友谊的一种很好的方式。答案A3What does the American professor of philosophy want to explain in his book?AMoney is an end. BMoney is a means.CMoney is everything. DMoney is unimportant.解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的.money is an instrument rather than the end可知，金钱只是一个工具，不是我们生活的最终目的。所以B项金钱只是一种方式、手段正确。答案B4The underlined phrase“enter the picture” in the second paragraph can be replaced by “_”Ais used up Bis spent on picturesCis paid in the right way Dis paid attention to解析词义猜测题。根据后面的内容(结合上一题)可知，这句话的意思是：他说当钱被关注的时候，我们和别人的关系就更清楚了。答案D5What can we learn about the millionaire from his answer in the interview?AHe doesnt feel that he is well educated.BHe doesnt think he is a very important person.CHe doesnt consider himself to be very successful.DHe doesnt think that being rich deserves so much attention.解析推理判断题。根据Answer：The most surprising thing is how people give me so much respect.I am nothing.I dont know much可知，他不认为有钱应该被关注。答案DPassage 3 体裁：说明文话题：文化背景时间：6分钟(2014天津市模拟)Walt DisneyAs one of the most famous film production companies in the history of the business，Walt Disney now holds 15.3 percent of the US and Canadian market share.With highly successful movies like Pirates of the Caribbean，National Treasure，Meet the Robinsons and Enchanted，theres no doubt that Disney will continue to play a key role in the industry for years to come.Paramount PicturesWith 15.5 percent of the US and Canadian market share，Paramount Pictures continues to be one of the most successful film production companies in the world.Star Trek，War of the Worlds，Mission：Impossible，Transformers and Tropic Thunder are just a few of the popular films produced by Paramount Pictures.20th Century FoxAlso known as “Twentieth Century Fox”，this highly successful movie production company makes up 11.9 percent of the US and Canadian market share.Some of the biggest and most successful movies from this empire include the XMen series，Mr and Mrs Smith and Fantastic Four.Warner Bros.PicturesIncluding about 19.7 percent of the US and Canadian market share，Warner Bros.Pictures is the biggest player in the film industry.Owning the rights to major films like Harry Potter，Superman，Batman，The Matrix and Star Wars has made Warner Bros.Pictures the No.1 name in the business.Universal Studios122 percent of the US and Canadian market share belongs to Universal Studios，which continues to make millions for the film industry.With major hits like the Bourne series，the American Pie series，Knocked Up，American Gangster and The Incredible Hulk，its very clear that Universal Studios knows what it takes to make money in this industry.Columbia PicturesMaking up 12.9 percent of the US and Canadian market share，Columbia Pictures remains a big player in the business.Some of this companys recent successes include Casino Royale，The Da Vinci Code，the Spider Man series and Step Brothers.【语篇导读】本文介绍了一些电影公司的发展及成就。1This passage is mainly to tell us_.Asome beautiful pictures of the US Bsome American popular moviesCsome famous Canadian companies Dsome film production companies解析主旨大意题。本文主要告诉我们一些电影制作公司。浏览每段标题及大意便可知应选D项。答案D2Which of the following movie production companies is the most successful in the US and Canadian markets?AUniversal Studios. BParamount Pictures.CColumbia Pictures. DWalt Disney.解析细节理解题。比较选项中四家电影公司。分析数据可知B项的Paramount Pictures公司在美国及加拿大市场占的比率为15.5%，高于其他三家，故选B项。答案B3Warner Bros.Pictures is very famous for its film named_.APirates of the Caribbean BHarry PotterCThe Incredible Hulk DTropic Thunder解析细节理解题。根据第四部分可知答案为B项。答案B4The underlined word “hits” in Paragraph 5 refers to_.Aarticles Bnovels Cmovies Dstruggles解析词义猜测题。由第五部分可知，以上列举的都是受欢迎的电影的名字。答案C5Which of the following movie production companies covers the least market share in the US and Canada?A20th Century Fox. BColumbia Pictures.CUniversal Studios. DWarner Bros.Pictures.解析细节理解题。比较选项中四家电影公司，分别找出它们在美国和加拿大市场所占的份额，可以得出占的最少的是20th Century Fox只占11.9%。B、C、D三项则分别占了12.9%、12.2%和19.7%。故答案为A项。答案APassage 4 体裁：议论文话题：工作与生活时间：8分钟(2014山东省实验中学诊断性测试)Managers and office busybodies might be keen on a clean deskbut it seems that in terms of productivity，they could have it all wrong.A messy desk can actually lead people towards clearer thinking，say researchers from Germany.The researchers found in a series of linked studiesusing a messy desk and a messy shop front that people actually thought more clearly when all around was chaos，as they sought to simplify the tasks at hand.That is，visual and mental clutter(杂乱) forces human beings to focus and think more clearly.For instance，famous thinkers and writers such as Albert Einstein and Roald Dahl have been notorious for their untidy desks.“Messy desks may not be as detrimental as they appear to be，as the problemsolving approaches they seem to cause can boost work efficiency or enhance employees creativity in problem solving，” say the authors.Oddly，the effect seems to work most on conservativespolitical liberals are less liable to be