湖南省平江县高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解选练（一）.doc

湖南平江县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮选练（一）阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。【2014山东济宁模拟】an alcohol breath test (abt) is often used by the police to find out whether a person is drunk while driving.in the united states，the legal blood alcohol limit is 0.08% for people aged 21 years or older，while people under 21 are not allowed to drive a car with any level of alcohol in their body.a “positive” test result，a result over the legal limit，allows the police to arrest the driver.however，many people who tested positive on the test have claimed that they only drank a “nonalcoholic” energy drink.can one of these energy drinks really cause someone to test positive on an abt？researchers in missouri set up an experiment to find out.first，the amount of alcohol in 27 different popular energy drinks was measured.all but one had an alcohol level greater than 0.005%.in nine of the 27 drinks，the alcohol level was at least 0.096%.the scientists then investigated the possibility that these small levels of alcohol could be discovered by an abt.they asked test subjects to drink a full can or bottle of an energy drink and then gave each subject an abt one minute and 15 minutes after the drink was finished.for 11 of the 27 energy drinks，the abt did find the presence of alcohol if the test was given within one minute after the drink was taken.however，alcohol could not be discovered for any of the drinks if the test was given 15 minutes after the drink was consumed.this shows that when the test is taken plays an important role in the test result.the sooner the test is conducted after the consumption of these drinks，the more likely a positive alcohol reading will be obtained.1what is the legal alcohol level for a 20yearold driver in the us?a0.000%.b0.005%.c0.080%.d0.096%.2what is the purpose of the missouri experiment?ato introduce a new method of calculating blood alcohol levels.bto discover the relation between energy drinks and abt test results.cto warn people of the dangers of drinking energy drinks.dto change the current legal alcohol limit for drivers in the united states.3the underlined word “subjects” in paragraph 2 refers to_.athe things that are being discussed bareas of knowledge studied in schoolcthe participants in an experiment dthe people who belong to a country4which of the following affects the abt test result most for energy drink consumers?athe age of the person who takes the test.bthe place where the test is given.cthe equipment that the test uses.dthe time when the test is taken.5which of the following is true according to the passage?aa driver whose blood alcohol level is found to be 0.1% will be arrested.bno energy drinks really cause anyone to test positive on an abt.cfew popular energy drinks contain alcohol in them.dthose taking an abt 15 minutes after drinking alcohol cannot be found out.语篇解读本文是一篇科研报告。主要研究了能量饮料和测试血液中酒精浓度之间的关系。1解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“in the united states，the legal blood alcohol limit is 0.08% for people aged 21 years or older，while people under 21 are not allowed to drive a car with any level of alcohol in their body.”可知，答案a符合文意。答案：a2解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段倒数第二句：“can one of these energy drinks really cause someone to test positive on an abt？researchers in missouri set up an experiment to find out.”可知，答案b符合文意。答案：b3解析：词义猜测题。根据语境可知，文章中画线句子的意思是：他们要求参加测试的实验者喝下一满听或一瓶能量饮料，然后在一分钟和十五分钟后对其abt进行测试。由此可推知，此处的subject是指参与实验的人。答案：c4解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“the test was given within one minute.15 minutes.this shows that when the test is taken plays an important role in the test result.the sooner the test is conducted after the consumption of these drinks，the more likely a positive alcohol reading will be obtained.”可知，在饮用功能性饮料多久之后进行测试会影响测试效果。答案：d5解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段可知，合法的血液酒精浓度最高值应该是0.08%，如果超过这个浓度，司机就会被警察逮捕。由此可推知，答案a符合文意。答案：a.阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。some children are natural-born bosses. they have a strong need to make decisions, manage their environment, and lead rather than follow. stephen jackson, a year one student, “operates under the theory of whats mine and whats yours is mine,” says his mother. “the other day i bought two new star wars light sabers(剑). later, i saw stephen with the two new ones while his brother was using the beat-up ones.”“examine the extended family, and youll probably find a bossy grandparent, aunt, uncle or cousin in every generation. its an inheritable trait,” says russell barkley, a professor at the medical university of south carolina. other children who may not be particularly bossy can gradually gain dominance(支配地位) when they sense their parents are weak, hesitant, or in disagreement with each other.whether its inborn nature or developed character at work, too much control in the hands of the young isnt healthy for children or the family. fear is at the root of a lot bossy behavior, says family psychologist john taylor. children, he says in his book from defiance to cooperation, “have secret feelings of weakness” and “a desire to feel safe.” its the parents role to provide that protection.when a “boss child” doesnt learn limits at home, the stage is set for a host of troubles outside the family. the overly willful and unbending child may have trouble obeying teachers or coachers, for example, or trouble keeping friends. it can be pretty lonely as the top dog if no one likes your bossy ways.“i see more and more parents giving up their power,” says barkley, who has studied bossy behavior for more than 30 years. they bend too far because they dont want to be as strict as their own parents were. but they also feel less confident about their parenting skills. their kids, in turn, feel more anxious.1. bossy children like stephen jackson _.a. make good decisionsb. show self-centerednessc. lack care from othersd. have little sense of fear2. the underlined phrase “inheritable trait” in paragraph 2 means _.a. inborn natureb. developed characterc. accepted theoryd. particular environment3. the study on bossy behavior implies that parents _.a. should give more power to their children b. should be strict with their childrenc. should not be so anxious about their childrend. should not set limits for their children4. what is the passage mainly about?a. how bossy behavior can be controlled.b. how we can get along with bossy children.c. what leads to childrens bossy behavior.d. what effect bossy behavior brings about.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。linda evans was my best friend like the sister i never had. we did everything together: piano lessons, movies, swimming, horseback riding.when i was 13, my family moved away. linda and i kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special times like my wedding and lindas. soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often. one day a card that i sent came back，stamped “address unknown”. i had no idea about how to find linda.over the years, i missed linda very much. i wanted to share happiness of my children and then grandchildren. and i needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. there was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like linda could fill.one day, i was reading a newspaper when i noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like linda and whose last name was wagman lindas married name. “there must be thousands of wagmans.” i thought, but i still wrote to her.she called as soon as she got my letter. “mrs. tobin!” she said excitedly, “linda evans wagman is my mother.”minutes later i heard a voice that i recognized at once, even after 40 years. we laughed and cried and caught up on each others lives. now the empty place in my heart is filled. and theres one thing that linda and i know for sure: we wont lose each other again!26. the writer went to piano lessons with linda evans _.a. at the age of 13 b. before she got marriedc. after they moved to new homes d. before the writers family moved away【答案】d 【解析】细节理解题。根据开始的时候作者与linda总是一起去上钢琴课、看电影、游泳、骑马等，但后来在作者13岁的时候，作者一家搬走了，两人只能通过书信联系。故选d。27. they didnt often write to each other because they _.a. got married b. had little time to do soc. didnt like writing letters d. could see each other on special time【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第2段中的soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often根据文可知，她们之所以没经常写信，是因为她们要忙于照顾孩子，又要搬新家，也就是说，她们没有时间写信。28. there was an empty place in the writers heart because she _.a. was in troubleb. didnt know lindas addressc. received the card that she sentd. didnt have a friend like linda to share her happiness and sadness【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据i wanted to share happiness of my children and then grandchildren. and i needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died.作者没有像琳达这样的朋友来分享她的快乐和悲伤，故选d。29. the writer was happy when she _.a. read the newspaperb. heard lindas voice on the phonec. met a young woman who looked a lot like lindad. wrote to the woman whose last name was wagman【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。真正让作者感到高兴的是当她在电话上听到老朋友linda的声音的时候。而读到报纸的时候和写信的时候都还只是在猜测，那时还谈不上高兴。故选b。30. they havent kept in touch _.a. for about 40 years b. for about 27 yearsc. since they got married d. since the writers family moved away【答案】a【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的minutes later i heard a voice that i knew very much, even after 40 years可知她们40年没有联系了，故选a。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。each new school year brings fresh reminders of what educators call the summer learning gap. some call it the summer learning setback. simply speaking, it means the longer kids are out of school, the more they forget. the only thing they might gain is weight. most american schools follow a traditional nine-month calendar. students get winter and spring breaks and about ten weeks of summer vacation. some schools follow a year-round calendar. they hold classes for about eight weeks at a time, with a few weeks off in between. the national association for year-round education says there were fewer than three thousand such schools at last count. they were spread among forty-six of the fifty states.but many experts point out that the number of class days in a year-round school is generally the same as in a traditional school. lead researcher paul von hippel said, “year-round schools dont really solve the problem of the summer learning setback. they simply spread it out across the year.”across the country, research shows that students from poor families fall farther behind over the summer than other students. experts say this can be prevented. they note that many schools and local governments offer programs that can help.but calling them “summer school” could be a problem. the director of the summer learning center at johns hopkins, ron fairchild, said research with groups of different parents in chicago and baltimore found that almost all strongly disliked the term “summer school”. in american culture, the idea of summer vacation is connected to beliefs about freedom and the joys of childhood. the parents welcomed other terms like “summer camp”, “enrichment”, “extra time” and “hands-on learning”.31. according to the first paragraph the summer learning gap .a. helps children to gain weightb. leads children to work harderc. improves childrens memoriesd. affects childrens regular studies【答案】d 【解析】细节理解题。根据simply speaking, it means the longer kids are out of school, the more they forget.暑假影响了学生的正常的学习，故选d。32. compared to traditional schools, students in the year-round ones .a. perform better and have more learning gainsb. have much less time for relaxation every yearc. have generally the same number of class daysd. hold more classes with more free weeks off【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据but many experts point out that the number of class days in a year-round school is generally the same as in a traditional school.全年的学校与一般的学校都有相同的天数的授课时间，故选c。33. which of the following statements is true?a. students from poor families often fall behind after the vacation.b. year-round schools can solve the problem of the learning gap.c. there are schools in each state following a year-round calendar.d. nothing can help the students who fall behind after the vocation.【答案】a【解析】细节理解题。根据across the country, research shows that students from poor families fall farther behind over the summer than other students.来自贫困家庭通常在假期过后学习要落后其他孩子，故选a。34. why did almost all parents dislike the term “summer school”?a. they cherish the childrens rights of freedom very much.b. they are worried about the quality of the “summer school”.c. they want their children to be forced to make up the gap.d. they cant afford to the further study during vacation.【答案】a【解析】细节理解题。根据research with groups of different parents in chicago and baltimore found that almost all strongly disliked the term “summer school”. in american culture, the idea of summer vacation is connected to beliefs about freedom and the joys of childhood.父母认为这样剥夺孩子的自由的权利，故选a。35. what would be the best title of this passage?a. opening summer campsb. forbidding summer schoolsc. spreading year-round educationd. minding the summer learning gap【答案】d【解析】标题归纳题。根据each new school year brings fresh reminders of what educators call the summer learning gap.及短文的内容可知注意暑假假期学习的退步，故选d。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。healthy knees arent the main consideration in choosing high heels, but new research says chunky heels are just as bad for the knees as spindly stilettos (细高跟鞋). “it takes a long time to feel the effects of knee osteoarthritis (骨关节炎) - and once you do, it is too late,” said dr. casey kerrigan, leading researcher of the study and associate professor at harvard medical schools department of physical medicine. “i compare it to smoking - one cigarette is not painful, but over a lifetime it is. wide-heeled shoes feel comfortable, so women wear them all day long, “kerrigan said. “they are better for your feet than stiletto heels, but just as bad for your knees.”in the study, researchers had twenty women wear two pairs of shoes with three-inch heels, one with a narrow heel and the other with a thick one. the scientists compared how much pressure was put on the womens knees by both types of shoes. the women also walked barefoot to test normal pressure. the scientists found that both types of shoes applied equal amounts of pressure to the knees. compared with walking barefoot, the heels increased pressure on the inside of the knee by 26 percent. increased pressure on the knee eve