上外新编英语教程教案Unit_Eight_PPT.ppt

UnitEightTextIWhyNothingWorks产品为何失效 I LibraryWork1 ThePomoIndiansbelongtoaNorthAmericanIndiantribethatformsthesecondlargesttribalgroupinCalifornia U S A Thename Pomo comesfromasuffixthatthePomopeopleaddtomanythepeople Pomowordsintheirlanguage ThePomowomen sfinebasketryistheartistictriumphof I LibraryWork basketryincludessmallmasterpiecesaswellaslarge colorfullydecoratedcontainers andisconsideredamongtheworld sfinest Inthesummer Eskimosusedtwokindsofboatsforhuntingandtravel 1 Thekayakwasdeckedoverexceptfor I LibraryWork amanholethataccommodatedoneperson Suchcrafthadframesmadeofpiecesofdriftwoodboundtogether Theframeswerecoveredwithdehairedsealskinssewnwithwaterproofstitching 2 Theumiakwasalarge openboatmadebycoveringadriftwoodframewithsplitwalrushidesorsealskins II OrganizationoftheText 1 Murphy sLaweffect theshoddygoodsproblem Paragraph1 2 Cause humanratherthantechnological Paragraphs2 5 Illustration artifactsusedbysimplepre industrialsocieties 2 II OrganizationoftheText Thesourceofquality socialrelationshipbetweenproducerandconsumer 3 Contrast thewidedifferenceinthequalityofproductsmadebytheproducerforhimselforhiskinandofthosemadeforunknownusers 4 5 III KeyPointsoftheText Paragraph1attributeto regardsomethingasbelongingto causedbyorproducedby认为某事物属于某人 认为某事物由某人引起或产生E g ThisplayisusuallyattributedtoShakespeare 这个剧本通常认为是莎士比亚作的 Paragraph1 savant apersonhavinggreatknowledgeofsomesubject专家 学者 博学之士corollary anidea anargument orafactthatnaturallyfollowssomethingelse必然的结果 自然的结果 Paragraph1 E g Neitherofthemknewaboutit andthecorollaryofthatisthatsomeoneelserevealedthesecret 他们两人并不知道这回事 因此一定是另外有人泄露了秘密 CorollariestoMurphy sLawsuggestthemselvesascluestotheshoddygoodsproblem Paragraph1 FromMurphy sLawwemayfindanswerstotheproblemofbadlymadegoods shoddy ofpoorqualityorbadlymade劣质的 粗制滥造的E g shoddyworkmanship劣等工艺 Paragraph1 untiladecentintervalhaselapsed untilasufficientlylongperiodoftimehaspassed Thebasicmeaningofdecentis proper sociallyacceptable e g decentbehavior decentclothing Inthiscontext adecentintervalsuggeststhattheamountoftimeshouldbelongenoughforpeopletoacceptasproper Paragraph1 elapse Thiswordisusedtoindicatethepassingoftime e g threeweeks fourmonths twoyearshaveelapsed forestallingMurphy sLaw preventingMurphy sLawfromtakingeffect operating Paragraph1 forestall preventordefeat apersonorhisplans byactingfirst 用先发制人的手段 预先阻止E g Beforehehadtimetoexplainwhatheproposedtodo hisplanwasforestalled Thepoliceforestalledtheburglar sattempttobreakintothejeweler s Paragraph1 commitment inthiscontext obligationordeterminationtoforestallMurphy sLaw Originallycommitmentreferstotheactofpledgingordevoting oneself toacourseofaction 承诺 许诺 E g Theteacher scommitment responsibility ismorethanimpartingknowledge Paragraph1 Apersoniscommittedifhedevoteshimselftoacertaincause e g acommittededucationist 忠诚的教育家 Paragraph1 dothetrick informal tofulfillone spurposeorintention 口 有效 达到目的E g Thismedicineoughttodothetrick curethedisease Ineedapieceofpaper Thisoldenvelopewilldothetrick 我需要一张纸 这只旧信封正可一用 Paragraph1 Itookfoursleepingpillsbuteventhatwouldn tdothetrick 我吃了四片安眠药 但尽管这样也还是没有效果 Paragraph1 maintenance theactofkeepingingoodorder conditionbyregularlycheckingitE g Youmaybeabletoaffordasecond handautomobile butitsmaintenancemaycostyoualot Paragraph2 artifact anobjectthatismadebyman suchasatooloradecoration especiallyonethatisofhistoricalinterestE g Variousartifactsofprehistorictimeswerediscoveredduringtheexcavation Paragraph2 dispel remove falsebelief doubt fear byprovingthemwrongE g Hisencouragingwordsdispelledallmydoubtsaboutmyowninability wehonorthelabel handmade weshowrespectfor thinkmuchofthetagwhichsaysthatthearticleismadebyhand Paragraph3 seaworthy ofaship ingoodconditionandfitforaseavoyageevoke bringforth callup causesomethingtoberememberedorexpressedE g Thesongsevokedmemoriesofmyschooldays Paragraph3 projectile anobjectorweaponthatisshotforward especiallyfromagun orthatshootsitselfforward抛射体 射弹 抛射的 Paragraph4 parka ashortcoatwithaprotectivecover风雪大衣 派克大衣 Paragraph5 theintimatesentimentalandpersonalbonds theclose familiaremotionalandperson to personrelationship connection Paragraph5 wither becomeweakerorshrink Plants trees flowersmayallwitheraway andsomayone shope whenonebecomeshopeless thewomenandmeninvolvedin thewomenandmentakingpartin beinvolvedin beasanecessarypartin Paragraph5 E g Areyouinvolvedinyourclass snewproject alienation afeelingofnotbelongingtoornotbeingapartofone ssurroundingsE g Theforeman shaughtinesscausedalienationfromworkamongtheworkers Paragraph5 sabotage intentionaldamagetomachines buildings etc carriedoutsecretlytoweakenagovernment anenemy orasaprotestE g Allattemptsatsabotagemustbemercilesslycrushed Translation 1 Theharshrealityofdailylifedispelledallhishopesforabrightfuture 2 Oursportsmeetwillbepostponedtonextweekbecauseoftheunpredictableweather 3 Everyvisitortothisexhibitionmustshowhis heridentitycardnomatterwhohe sheis Translation 4 Therenovationplanfortheoldcitycenterissubjecttotheapprovalofthemunicipalgovernment 5 Hishopesw