动词的语态58552.doc

动词的语态From A1高考英语动词时态语态复习课件语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态； 主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。在不同时态下的被动语态：1）Present/ past simple(一般现在/过去时) We watched a film last night.I drink milk everyday.A film _. Milk _. Summary (总结): is / was +done (p.p)2）Present/ past future(一般将来时/过去将来时) Will/ would be done新电脑下周将投入使用。The new computers will be used next week.妈妈告诉我我的自行车明天去修。My mother told me that my bike would be repaired the next day.3）Present/ past progressive (现在进行时/过去进行时) am/ is /are being donewas/ were being done中国国家大剧院正在建设当中。The National Opera Building is being built at present. 4）Present/ past perfect (现在完成时/过去完成时) has/ have been donehad been done这个问题已经得到了圆满的解决。The problem has been well solved.昨天晚上我到超市的时候，牛奶已经卖完了。The milk had been sold when I got to the supermarket last night. 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态比较： rise是不及物动词；raise是及物动词。 The price has been risen.The price has risen. The price has raised. The price has been raised.The accident was happened last week.The accident happened last week.要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。一般现在时: be( am/are/is) + p.p.( 过去分词)一般过去时: be(was/ were) + p.p.一般将来时: will be + p.p.过去将来时: would be + p.p.现在进行时: be( am/are/is)+ being+ p.p.过去进行时:be(was/ were )+ being+ p.p.现在完成时: have/ has+ been + p.p.过去完成时:had + been + p.p.例句1、对於这个问题，关注很少。Little attention was paid to this problem.2、课堂上应该鼓励小组讨论。 Group discussion should be encouraged in class.3、据报导，这里将修建一条新的马路。It is reported that a new road will be built here.4、必须采取措施来防止河流受到污染。 Measures should be taken to stop the river from being polluted.From WL动词的语态(学生版)语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。1) 行为动词必须是及物动词。This is a photo of the power station that has been set up in my hometown. My sister will be taken care of by Grandma.Such a thing has never been heard of before.2) 被动语态也有各种时态变化。am/is/are (not) donewas/were (not) donehave/has (not) been donehad (not) been donewill/shall (not) be done3) 某些谓语动词后有不带to的动词不定式充当其宾语补足语时，在被动语态中，该不 定式前要加to。 The teacher made me go out of the classroom.- I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher). 此类动词为大多为感官动词，常见的有：feel, hear, help, make, 等。 We saw him play football on the playground.- He was seen to play football on the playground.4）情态动词 + (not) be +过去分词，构成被动语态。 Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.let 的用法当let后只有一个单音节动词，变被动语态时，可用不带to 的不定式。They let the strange go.- The strange was let go.表示据说或相信 的词组It is said that 据说believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understandIt is believed that大家相信不用被动语态的情况不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态形式： appear, die disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, happen等。比较： rise, fall, happen, raise, seat 判断下列句子对错 The price has been risen.The price has risen.The accident was happened last week.The accident happened last week. The price has raised.The price has been raised. Please seat.Please be seated. 要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。2) 半系动词无被动语态： appear, become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turnIt sounds good.3) 带同源宾语的及物动词，反身代词，相互代词，不能用于被动语态：die, death, dream, live, lifeShe dreamed a bad dream last night.4) 当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。判断正误：She likes to swim. (R)To swim is liked by her. (W)主动形式表示被动意义1)wash, sell, look, cut, , wear, feel, The book sells well.这本书销路好。2) remain, keep, rentMuch work remains.3) 在need, want, worth (形容词), 后的动名词必须用主动形式表被动意义。The door needs repairing.This room needs cleaning. 这房间应该打扫一下。This book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。被动形式表示主动意义be married, be determined, be pleased, be graduated (fr