中美饮用水水质标准的比较.doc

中国、WHO和美国饮用水标准比较项目(按中国“规范”排列) 中国“规范”WHO“准则” (1993、1998)美国“标准”(2001)常规检验项目 感官性状和一般化学指标 色色度不超过15度，并不得呈现其他异色1515浑浊度不超过1度(NTU)，特殊情况下不超过5度5(单一样品)1(均值)INTU(任何时候)，0.3NTU(95%样品)嗅和味不得有异臭、异味可接受3肉眼可见物不得含有PH值6.58.586.58.5总硬度(以CaCO3计)450mg/L铝0.2mg/L0.2mg/L0.05 mg/L0.2 mg/L铁0.3mg/L0.3mg/L0.3mg/L锰0.1mg/L0.1mg/L0.05mg/L铜1.0mg/L1.0mg/L1.0mg/L(感官)1.3mg/L(采取措施)锌1.0mg/L3.0mg/L5.0mg/L挥发酚类(以苯酚计)0.002mg/L阴离子合成洗涤剂0.3mg/L硫酸盐250mg/L250mg/L250mg/L氯化物250mg/L250mg/L250mg/L溶解性总固体1000 mg/L1000mg/L500mg/L耗氧量3mg/L，特殊情况下不超过5 mg/L氨1.5mg/L毒理学指标 砷0.05mg/L0.01mg/L0.05mg/L镉0.005mg/L0.003mg/L0.005mg/L铬(六价)0.05mg/L0.05mg/L0.1mg/L氰化物0.05mg/L0.07mg/L0.2mg/L氟化物1.0mg/L1.5mg/L4.0mg/L铅0.01mg/L0.01mg/L0.015mg/L汞0.001mg/L0.001mg/L0.002mg/L硒0.01mg/L0.01mg/L0.05mg/L硝酸盐(以N计)20mg/L50mg/L(NO3-)100mg/L亚硝酸盐3mg/L(NO2-)(急性)0.2mg/L(慢性)1mg/L(N)石棉700万根/L四氯化碳0.002mg/L0.002mg/L0.05mg/L氯仿0.06mg/L0.2mg/L细菌学指标 细菌总数100CFU/ml总大肠菌群每100ml水样中不得检出每100ml水样中不得检出每月样品阳性数5%粪大肠菌群每100ml水样中不得检出每100ml水样中不得检出游离余氯在与水接触30min后应不低于0.3mg/L，管网末梢水不应低于0.05mg/L(适应于加氯消毒)贾第鞭毛虫灭活99.9%病毒灭活99.9%隐孢子虫灭活99%(2002.1.1)异养菌生物平板计数500菌落/ml军团菌0(目标值)放射学指标 总射线放射性0.06Bq/L0.06Bq/L0.555Bq/L 总射线放射性1Bq/L1Bq/L0.04mSv/a 镭226和镭2280.185Bq/L非常规检验项目 感官和一般化学指标 硫化物0.02mg/L0.05mg/L 钠200mg/L200mg/L毒理学指标 锑0.005mg/L0.005mg/L0.006mg/L钡0.7mg/L0.7mg/L2mg/L铍0.002mg/L0.004mg/L硼0.5mg/L0.5mg/L钼0.07mg/L0.07mg/L镍0.02mg/L0.02mg/L银0.05mg/L0.1mg/L铊0.0001mg/L0.002mg/L铀0.002mg/L0.003mg/L二氯甲烷0.02mg/L0.02mg/L0.005mg/L1,2-二氯乙烷0.03mg/L0.03mg/L0.005mg/L1,1,1-三氯乙烷2mg/L2mg/L0.2mg/L氯乙烯0.005mg/L0.005mg/L0.002mg/L1,1-二氯乙烯0.03mg/L0.03mg/L0.007mg/L1,2-二氯乙烯0.05mg/L0.05mg/L0.1mg/L(反)三氯乙烯0.07mg/L0.07mg/L0.07mg/L(顺)四氯乙烯0.04mg/L0.04mg/L0.005mg/L苯0.01mg/L0.01mg/L0.005mg/L甲苯0.7mg/L0.7mg/L1mg/L二甲苯0.5mg/L0.5mg/L10mg/L乙苯0.3mg/L0.3mg/L0.7mg/L苯乙烯0.02mg/L0.02mg/L0.1mg/L苯并芘0.00001mg/L0.0007mg/L0.0002mg/L氯苯0.3mg/L0.3mg/L0.1mg/L1,2-二氯苯1mg/L1mg/L0.6mg/L1,4-二氯苯0.3mg/L0.3mg/L0.075mg/L三氯苯(总量)0.02mg/L0.02mg/L0.07mg/L邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基已基)酯0.0008mg/L0.0008mg/L0.006mg/L丙烯酰胺0.0005mg/L0.0005mg/L0.0005mg/L六氯丁二烯0.0006mg/L0.0006mg/L微囊藻毒素-LR0.001mg/L0.001mg/L甲草胺0.02mg/L0.02mg/L0.002mg/L灭草松0.3mg/L0.3mg/L叶枯唑0.5mg/L百菌清0.01mg/L滴滴涕0.001mg/L0.002mg/L溴氰菊酯0.02mg/L内吸磷0.03mg/L(感官限值)乐果0.08mg/L(感官限值)2,4-滴0.03mg/L0.03mg/L0.07mg/L七氯0.0004mg/L七氯和七氯环氧化物合并计算0.0004mg/L七氯环氧化物0.0002mg/L0.00003mg/L0.0002mg/L六氯苯0.001mg/L0.001mg/L0.001mg/L六六六0.005mg/L林丹0.002mg/L0.002mg/L0.0002mg/L马拉硫磷0.25mg/L(感官限值)对硫磷0.003mg/L(感官限值)甲基对硫磷0.02mg/L(感官限值)五氯酚0.009mg/L0.009mg/L0.001mg/L亚氯酸盐0.2mg/L(适用于二氧化氯消毒)0.2mg/L1.0mg/L一氯胺3mg/L3mg/L4mg/L2,4,6-三氯酚0.2mg/L0.2mg/L甲醛0.9mg/L0.9mg/L三卤甲烷该类化合物中每种化合物的实测浓度与其各自限值的比值之和不得超过1该类化合物中每种化合物的实测浓度与其各自限值的比值之和不得超过10.08mg/L溴仿0.1mg/L0.1mg/L0mg/L(目标值)二溴一氯甲烷0.1mg/L0.1mg/L0.06mg/L(目标值)一溴二氯甲烷0.06mg/L0.06mg/L0mg/L(目标值)二氯乙酸0.05mg/L0.05mg/L0mg/L(目标值)三氯乙酸0.1mg/L0.1mg/L0.3mg/L(目标值)卤代乙酸0.06三氯乙醛(水合氯醛)0.01mg/L0.01mg/L氯化氰(以CN-计)0.07mg/L0.07mg/L二乙基已基已二酸0.08mg/L0.4mg/L表氯醇0.0004mg/L0.002mg/LEDTA0.6mg/L次氮基三乙酸0.2mg/L氧化三丁基锡0.002mg/L1,2-二溴-3-氯丙烷0.0002mg/L1,1,2-三氯乙烷0.005mg/L二噁英0.00003