高考高频动词短语4.doc

“动副”结构与“动介”结构短语高考要求：1 熟记动词短语的相近形式和意义。2 通过理解句意语境去选择动词短语。3 通过辨析动词短语去理解句意语境。熟记20个常见动词构成的高频短语break, bring, call, carry, come, cut, die, get, give, go, hold, keep, look, make, pick, put, send, set, take, turn.1. breakbreak away 摆脱；逃跑break away from 摆脱break down （机器）出故障，中止，累垮，分解（物理或化学的）break in vi.强行进入，插话break into vt.闯入；打断break off 折断；中断；突然停止break out vi（战争，疾病，火灾，暴动）突然发生，爆发break out in tears 突然大哭break out doing突然起来break through vt/vi突破break up vt打碎，驱散，分解（物理的）, vi结束，离异，放假2. bringbring about 引起，导致，造成bring back 把送回；使想起；恢复bring sb back to life 使sb苏醒bring sth back to life 使sth生动/活泼较sb/sth come back to life某人苏醒,某物复苏bring sth to an end=put an end to sth=end sth 较sth come to an end 某事结束bring sth to ones attention=draw ones attention to sth bring down使降低/落下/倒下,使受挫折bring forward 提出；提前（=put forward）bring in 引进；挣得bring sth into effect/operation实施；使生效bring out vt.拿出，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现/显现出（颜色/性质）bring up 抚养,培养,提出,吐出(吐出=throw up)3. callcall at sp 访问某地call back 回电话；召回call for 要求,需要,提倡,号召sth,接走sbcall in 请来，召集，来访，打电话 call off 取消；停止call on sb=call upon sb拜访sb,号召sbcall out 大声呼喊call sbfor short 简称某人call up 打电话；召集；想起4. carrycarry on继续；坚持carry out 实施；执行carry through 完成,实现,帮助度过难关5. comecome about 发生come across vt.偶遇sb；无意发现sth vi. Sth被讲清楚come along 来,加油,随同,进展,成功come around/round 恢复知觉，苏醒过来，活跃起来，绕道而行come back(to) sb回来，sth再度流行，sth重现于记忆中come into effect 生效come off vi.脱落vt.从脱落come on 快点，走吧，得了吧，开始，出现，发生，进展come out vi.出来，出现，出版，（枝芽）吐出，（花儿）绽放，结果是come over 过来come through vt/vi经历； vi获得成功(with sth)come to an end 结束，终止 come to know 逐渐知道 come to life 苏醒过来，活跃起来 come to oneself 苏醒过来，恢复知觉 come to / into power 上台，当权，执政 come / go to ruin = fall into ruin 变成废墟When it comes to sth, 当论及到sth时,come up vi.走来，上升，长出，走上前去（to），sth被提出come up to 走到跟前；达到/符合（高度/程度）come up against 碰到（困难）come up with sth vt.提出sth6. cutcut across 抄近道cut away 砍掉 cut A away from Bcut back 修剪（树木），减少（生产）cut down 1砍倒2夺去生命3削减数量cut down（on）sth 减少（食物，烟酒）的量cut sth down to 把sth减少到cut in vi. 1插嘴，打断（+on sb/sth）2超车抢道 3强行邀舞cut into vt 打断（谈话）cut off 切断（通话，外界联系，水电气供应supply/supplies）cut sb off from the outside world隔绝某人与外界世界的联系cut out 1剪取,剪掉2戒掉,不吃3机器熄火cut through 1抄近路,2通过,穿过 3切断4穿透cut up 1切碎2使伤心7. diedie away (光线声音风力)逐渐消失die down (声光风火势情绪)减弱,平静下来die from 因（外部原因）死亡die of 因（内部原因）死亡die off 相继死去die out (物种/种族/家族/习俗/观念)灭绝;绝迹8. getget about/around/round vi四处走动；传开get across vt/vi传达；被理解He couldnt get his ideas across (to them).=His ideas couldnt get across (to them).get along/on (with sb/sth) 相处；进展get back vi回来，回家vt弄回get down vi下来vt写下；吞下；使人无精神get down on ones knees 跪下get down to sth 开始认真干某事get in vt收割；插话vi上车(小)；到达get in a word 插一句话get into vt上车(小),染上坏习惯get into a rage 勃然大怒get off vt/vi下车(大)Get off the grass.请勿践踏草坪。(起开点)Keep off the grass.请勿践踏草坪。(甭过起)get on vt/vi上车(大)；vi相处；进展get on ones feet 艰难地站立起来get out vi下车(小)；(消息/秘密)泄露get out of vt下车(小)get out of here 滚get out of the way 闪开get out of a bad habit 摆脱/戒掉坏习惯get over vt越过(障碍)克服(困难)淡忘(不快)从(疾病惊恐损害)痊愈恢复get through vt完成(工作),vi接通(电话),vt/vi通过(考试)get together vi聚会；vt收集get up 起床，站起身来9. givegive away 赠送(财物)=present,颁发(奖品)=award,暴露(真相),(大意)失去give back 归还give in (to) (向)让步；屈服；投降give sth in (to) 把sth上交/呈交(给)give off 发出(声光热,烟雾蒸汽气味)give out vt分发,公布,发出(声光热烟汽味) vi(储备供给力气耐性)用完/耗尽=run outgive over=hand over 转交,移交(to sb) give up vt/vi放弃,让与,自首give birth to sb 生(婴儿)10. gogo about vi四处/来回走动=go/walk around，vt忙于，着手干 go abroad 出国 go against 违反，违背go ahead 说吧，干吧，领先，走在前面go along vi进展；陪同前往(with sb)go away 走开，离去go beyond 超越go by (时间)过去；经过；遵照go down 下降；下跌；下沉go down on ones knees 跪下go for 为去,努力获取sth,(言词)攻击sbgo for a walk / walks 散步go in for 爱好;参加(选拔赛/考试等)go into 从事(行业)，详细调查go into details 细说go off离开；消失；断电；熄灭；进行；发生；爆炸；食品变坏go off the air 停止广播go on the air 开始广播go on 加油；继续；发生；(时间)过去go on doing sth 继续做某事（同一事） go on to do sth 继续做某事（另一事）go on with sth 继续某事go / be on a diet 在节食go on holiday/vacation 去度假go on leave (政府官员/士兵)在休假go on sick leave 在休病假go out 外出;过时;终止;(潮)退;(灯)熄go over 仔细查看；复习go straight along 沿着一直往前走go through vt通过(程序渠道)；经历(苦难)，vi(计划议案)被批准go through with sth 完成sthgo up 上升；增长；涨价go with 与相配go without 忍受没有之苦，没有也行，没有也能勉强应付It goes without saying that 不言而喻,毋庸置疑11. holdhold back阻挡；抑制(感情眼泪)；隐瞒(真相)hold off 拖延；延迟hold on 坚持住,等一等,不要挂电话hold on to sth 紧抓不放,不送不卖hold out vt伸出；vi坚持；维持hold out ones hand for sth 伸手去够sthhold up 举起,支撑,耽搁,阻滞12. keepkeep (A) away (from B) (使A)远离(B)keep back 阻挡,抑制,隐瞒,留存,退后keep down 镇压,压制,压低,放低keep in touch with与保持联系keepin mind= learnby heart = remember 把记住keep off 避开；不靠近Keep off the grass. 请勿践踏草坪。(甭过起)keep on 继续，反复keep on doing sth 继续做某事(中间有停顿)keep doing sth 继续做某事(中间没停顿)keep doing sth 使一直在做某事keep from doing 阻止做某事keep an/ones eye on 留意,照顾keep out 不进里面,(警示语)请勿靠近keep A out 把A挡住,把A留在外面keep out of B 避开B,不进入BKeep A out of B 把A挡在B外,使A不进入Bkeep silent over 对保持沉默keep to sth 坚持,严格遵守(作息规则诺言)keep to oneself 不与人交往Keep to the right. 靠右通行keep up vt继续,维持,保持， vi精神不衰,价高不下,好天持续keep up with 跟上，不落后于13. looklook about/around/round环顾四周,四处张望look after 照顾look ahead向前看，展望未来look at 看，注视着，检查look at oneself in the mirror =admire oneself in the mirror 照镜子look away 把目光移走look back回头看/回顾look back on/upon/at/to回头看/回顾never look back 绝不畏缩,一路领先look down 向下看look down on/upon轻视,俯瞰look for 寻找look forward to sth 盼望/期待sthlook in vi顺道拜访look in at sp顺道拜访某地look in on sb顺道拜访某人look into 向里面看,调查look (right) into sbs eyes 直视着某人look likelook on vi旁观look on/upon A as B 把A视为Blook out向外面看; 当心=be careful = take carelook out of 向外面看look out for 当心/警惕look over 浏览,稍微过目look over ones shoulder回头看(越过肩膀看)look through 透过看,浏览,详细调查look up向上看,查阅look up a word in the dictionary在字典中查单词(不说look up the dictionary)look into / refer to / consult the dictionary查字典look up to sb 尊敬/敬仰sb14. makemake for向前进，快速走向make out 理解，领悟；辨认出make up vt组成,弥补,捏造vi化妆,和解make up for 弥补，补偿be made up of 由组成；包含有be made of 由制成(能看出)be made from 由制成(看不出)be made inmade up ones mind 下决心make oneself at home 不拘束，别客气make room for 给腾出空间make way for 给让路make a comment on/upon 对发表评论make a great/positive contribution to 为做出巨大/积极贡献，为捐款/物make ones way to 前往make a joke about=joke about拿开玩笑,以为笑柄make a fool of 愚弄,欺骗make fun of 取笑make sense of vt理解,明白(主语为人)make sense vi有意义,讲得通(主语为物)make sure of 确保make full use of=make the most/best of充分利用15. pickpick out 精心挑选；认出来pick up 好转改善,拿起,拾起,收拾,接电话,接收(信号图像声音),沾染(恶习疾病),偶然学会,便宜买到,开车去接,营救16. putput across 解释清楚；使人接受put aside 放在一边；储存put away 收好放好；存钱put back 放回原处,推迟,拨慢put down放下，写下，镇压put forward 提出；拨快put in 安装，插话，提出要求put in for申请put into使进入put off 推迟；妨碍；关掉put on穿上,上演,增加(体重速度),打开,拨快put out伸出,出版,生产,熄灯,灭火put through sth顺利完成，打通电话put A through B 使某物通过,使某人经受putto bed安顿某人睡觉putto use 投入使用，加以利用putin/into action实行putinto effect 执行,实现putinto force使生效putinto operation实施putinto practice 实施，付诸实践putin/into prison 把某人关进监狱put A into B把A放入B;把A译成B(=translate A into B)put ones heart into全神贯注于put a date to sth 将注明日期put an end to sth 结束puttogether 把放在一起,汇集,整理put up vt举起,张贴,搭起,建起,留宿put up at sp 在某地住宿put up with 忍受17. sendsend away 送走；解雇send away for sth派人/去函订购send signals by 通过发送信号send for 派人去请某人,派人去拿某物send in 提交,递送,通禀(姓名)send off 送别,撵走,发出(信件货物消息)send out 长出,发出(光/信号),发送(请帖问卷命令)send sb to sleep 让某人睡觉send up发射,使(物价等)上升18. setset about doing sth着手做某事set apart 分开；使显得突出set aside留出(钱时间),搁置,忽视,拒绝set back 妨碍,拨慢,使退后,使破费set down放下,写下set A in B将A置于B的背景中be set in B以为背景set off vi动身出发vt点燃引爆,引发激起set out动身出发set out to do sth 着手做某事set up建立；创办set/give an example to sb 为某人树立榜样set fire to sth=set sth on fire放火烧某物set foot in/on 踏进/上,涉足set ones mind to do sth一心想做某事=set ones mind on doing sth19. taketake after长得像(父母/祖辈)take along带领，携带take apart拆卸某物(separate),痛斥某人take away拿走；消除（病痛等）takeaway from从把拿走take back 收回(错话/劣质产品)take down拆毁,取下,写下,吞下take A for B 错把某人当作take sth for granted认为是理所应当的take it for granted that想当然地认为take in理解,吸入(空气),留宿,欺骗,改小(衣服)包括,参观(b7p77)take off vt脱下vi起飞,成名take on呈现,承担(undertake),雇佣(hire/employ)take over 接管take to 喜欢；养成的习惯take a critical attitude towar