托福听力中涉及到很多词汇的使用.doc

托福听力中涉及到很多词汇的使用，任何考试词汇都是至关重要的，1.flying colors-success, victory2.little by little-gradually3.call e into-receive, especially after anothers death5.put off-postpone6.stop by-make a brief visit on ones way elsewhere7.tie up-hinder8.be out for-trying to get9.fill in for-take anothers place10.turn down- (1) refuse or reject (2) reduce the loudness of11.go off-begin to ring12.cut down-lessen; reduce; e up with-produce; supply14.make it- (1) achieve a specific goal (2) succeed in general15.catch ones eye-attract ones attention16.care for- (1) like; value (2) look after; take care of17.head and shoulders above-much better18.catch on-become popular19.on the whole-in general20.fill sb in-tell what sb should know21.in a nutshell-in a few words22.from top to bottom-completely; entirely23.take the plunge-enter with sudden decision upon an unfamiliar course of action24.on the tip of ones tongue-unable to be recalled25.cheer up-feel happy; stop being sad or discouraged; become hopeful26.hold off-postpone; delay27.on cloud nine-a state of perfect happiness28.back out-withdraw from an undertaking29.grin and bear it-be as cheerful as possible in pain or trouble; do something without complaining30.turn out to be-come to be; prove31.bite off more than one can chew-attempt something that exceeds ones ability32.in the air-uncertain33.get hold off-find a person so you can speak with him34.learn the ropes-acquire thorough or special knowledge of a job35.tear oneself away from-depart with great reluctance; force oneself to leave36.tie up-engage or occupy completely37.touch on-mention a subject briefly or casually39.see to it-take care;take the responsibility;make sure40.get along with-live or work in harmony with41.give away-give as present42.account for-explain43.out of print-no longer available for purchase from the publisher44.send out-distribute45.in no time-in a very brief time;almost at once46.before long-soon;without much delay47.play by ear-(1)play an instrument without using written music (2)handle a matter without adequate preparation or guidance48.wear and tear-loss or damage caused by e what may-no matter what happens50.drop by-make a short or unplanned visit51.be short of-not having enough52.cut it out-stop doing sth53.be sick of-be tired of;having a strong dislike of54.look for a needle in a haystack(a bottle)-search for something in a place where it is hopelessly lost.55.knock oneself out-work very hard;make a great effort56.run up against-encounter57.far from-anything but;not at all58.far from it-by no means;not at all59.hang on to-hold tightly;keep firmly60.get nowhere-be unsuccessful;obtain no result61.day in and day out-every day;all the time62.break down-cease to function63.get going-get started;begin to move64.take ones time-not hurry65.boil down to-indicate,especially as a final judgement or analysis66.make up-take a test for the second time67.put up with-bear with patience;tolerate68.by and by-before long69.give someone a hand-help;assist70.ring a bell-sound familiar71.snap out of it-(1)change ones habits,attitude,etc,suddenly(2)regain ones composure,energy,or good spirits;recover72.raise the roof-make trouble;start a fight or an argument73.get away with-escape without punishment74.on business-with definite work to do75.look up-search for;as an item of information,in a referance book76.let up-(1)cease;stop (2)slacken;abate77.in any case(or event)-no matter what e out-be published79.look into-investigate;inspect80.fall back on-rely on81.spell out-explain very clearly or in detail82.wrap up-bring to end,especially a successful conclusion1)电器类electronic appliance(instrument; equipment) 电器heater, furnace 加热器，炉子heating unit 暖气片air conditioner 空调设备stove 炉子microwave oven 微波炉washer / dryer 衣机/烘干机 (laundry 洗衣店)utensil 器皿;用具kitchen utensil 炊具oven 烤箱;烤炉range 煤气灶dishwasher 洗碟机washing machine 洗衣机(hot-water) heater 热水器coffeepot 咖啡壶refrigerator (freezer) 冰箱vacuum cleaner 吸尘器tape player 录音机CD player CD机Laundromat 自动洗衣店maintenance 维修，保养2)家具类furniture 家具bookshelf 书架bookcase 书柜couch 沙发chest 柜子;橱;箱子dresser (bureau) 梳妆台cabinet (电视机等)机箱;储藏柜;陈列柜cupboard (closet) 碗橱storage wall 壁橱rug 小地毯carpet 地毯curtain 窗帘bathtub 浴缸fixture (房屋)固定装置furnishings 室内陈设6.历年TOEFL听力最常考的学术类场景之特色词汇汇编：1)分数类grade (mark 、score) 分数perfect grade 优异成绩low grade 低分high mark 高分passing grade 及格分failing grade 不及格分full marks 满分straight As 全Abe all As and Bs 全是A和BB plus B加A minus A减pass the exam with flying colors 以优异成绩通过考试graduate with honors 以荣誉毕业2)图书馆类library图书馆librarian图书管理员publication 出版物periodical 期刊magazine 杂志book catalogue 图书目录classified catalogue 分类目录bibliography 参考书目title index 书目索引alphabetic index 按字母顺序排列的索引loan desk 借书处circulation 流通reserved books 馆藏书(只能在图书馆内借阅)library card 借书证overdue fine 过期罚金periodical reading room 期刊阅览室back issue 过期杂志current issue 近期杂志non-fiction 非小说类文学作品science-fiction 科幻小说copier 复印机check out 办理(借、还)手续renew 续借overdue过期3)作业类thesis/essay/dissertation 论文assignment 作业homework = coursework = schoolwork = studies 作业lab report 实验报告book report 读书报告presentation 发言term paper 学期论文project 作业broad (论文等)内容宽泛的narrow down (论文等)缩小范围4)学科类Mathematics 数学physics 物理chemistry 化学biology 生物学geography 地理学electronics 电子学computer science 计算机科学astronomy 天文学electronics engineering 电子工程学botany 植物学psychology 心理学zoology 动物学architecture 建筑学oceanography 海洋学ecology 生态学medical science 医学archaeology 考古学history 历史学linguistics 语言学pedagogics 教育学，教学法anthropology 人类学economics 经济学statistics 统计学accounting 会计学philosophy 哲学5)教师评价类教师称号professor 教授lecturer = instructor 讲师teaching assistant = TA 助教research assistant = RA 助研counselor, adviser 咨询者，顾问B.A. (Bachelor of Arts) 文学士M.A (degree of Master of Arts) 文学硕士M.S. (Master of Science) 理硕士M.D. (Doctor of Medicine) 医学博士Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy) (哲学)博士president 大学校长teacher/faculty 教师students advisor 学生顾问physicist 物理学家mathematician 数学家chemist 化学家historian 历史学家statistician 统计学家正评价fascinating = fantastic 精彩的thought provoking 发人深思的stimulating 令人兴奋的sense of humor 幽默感负评价boring 无聊的drop off to sleep 睡着了doze off 打瞌睡drowsy 昏昏欲睡的clock watcher 不断看表的人make no sense 毫无意义6)课程考试类tuition 学费credit system 学分制semester/term 学期course guideline 课程纲要required course 必修课elective course 选修课seminar 高级研讨性课mid-term exam 期中考final exams = finals 期末考subjective test 主观性测试objective test 客观性测试pop quiz 抽查式测验major 主修minor 副修exemption 免修syllabus 教学大纲diploma, degree, certificate 文凭，学位，证书course, coursework 课程text, textbook 课文，教科书class, classroom 班，课exercise, practice 练习handout(s) 分发的教材enrollment/registration 注册registrar 注册主任7)学习用品类stationery 文具book bag 书包backpack = knapsack 背包stapler 订书机 (staples 订书钉)clips 夹子; 回形针glue 胶水scotch tape 透明胶带scissors 剪刀brown paper 牛皮纸battery 电池bookmark 书签flashlight 手电筒lined paper 横格纸note