阅读理解之词义猜测导学案.doc

2014届二轮复习 专题复习之阅读理解黄州西湖中学高三英语学科活页导学案 年级_ 班级_ 学生_ 时间_ 专题复习：阅读理解（词义猜测题）学习目标：u 了解高考阅读理解的考查目标。u 了解阅读理解的题型分类。u 学习关于词义猜测题的解题技巧。自主学习合作探究：直击高考Task 1:了解高考题型分类和考点分布情况。阅读理解题型大致可分为_,_,_,_四类。Task 2. 了解词义理解题的常见题干形式：1）The underlined word（phrase）in the passage means /refers to_ 2）The word it（them）in the first paragraph refers to _ 3）The underlined sentence in the passage means _4）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the passage？Task 3 学习并归纳词义猜测题的解题技巧。一、生词生义（一）、根据常识经验猜词练习：The door was so low that I hit the head on the lintel（ ） （二）、根据针对性解释1.根据文中的定义、解释猜生词 。猜词练习： 原文： And for chocolate snobs, who think that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others, the Connoisseur Series uses cocoa beans from Togo, Cuba, Venezuela, and Ghana, among others. 猜词练习：The reason why a country like Britain does not buy snow-ploughs (扫雪机) is that they are used for a few days in Q: What does the words “a replica” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. A painting of the skeleton. B. A photograph of Lucy C. A copy of the skeleton. D. A written record of Lucy.any one year, and the money could be more useful in other things such as hospital, education, helping the old and so on. Q:The word “ they” refers to_. A. snowfalls B. British people C. snow-ploughs D. countries like Britain解题技巧： 文章中的代词it，that，he，him或them可以指上文提到的人或物其中it和that还可以指一件事。二、熟词生义根据构词法知识猜词1. 派生法（Derivation）定义：由词缀和词根相结合构成单词的方法。词缀包括前缀和后缀 。前缀改变词义；后缀通常改变词性，但词义基本上和原来的词根意义一致。猜词练习：incurable_ unexpected _speechless_ overestimate_2. 合成法（compounding）定义：由两个或两个以上词组成的词组成一个新词的方法叫合成法。猜词练习：sleepwalker_ painkiller_pickpocket_ colorblind_3. 转化法（conversion） 定义：是把一个词从原来的词类转化成为另一种词类，使其具有新的意义和作用。猜词练习：The words chocolate snobs in Paragraph 3 probably refer to people who _.A. are particular about chocolate B. know little about cocoa beansC. look down upon others D. like to try new flavors解题技巧：1) 要注意以下词后面的解释：_2) 要注意生词后的_2. 根据举例猜生词猜词练习：The consequences of epochal events such as wars and great scientific discovers are not confined（限制于） to a small geographical area as they were in the past. （ ）解题技巧：要注意such as, for example,for instance, e.g.等词后面的解释。（三）根据内在逻辑关系猜测词义1. 根据同位关系猜词猜词练习：The modern age of medicine began with the stethoscope, an instument for listening to a patients heartbeat and breathing. ( )解题技巧：要注意理解同位关系，比如同位语，同位语从句，还有or,and, that is (to say), in other words, namely,i.e.等词后面的解释。2. 根据对比、比较关系猜测词义猜词练习:1. Doctors believe that smoking is detrimental to your health. They also regard drinking as harmful.（ ）2. Most of us agreed.However, Bill dissented.（ ）The other teams, disappointed, were on the bus heading home. ( )2.根据上下文语境猜词（2004，山东卷）Finally, although some social science majors may still find it more difficult than their technically trained classmates to land the first job, recent graduates report that they don t regret their choice of study. Q: The underlined word land in the last paragraph probably means _ A. keep for some time B. successfully get C. immediately start D. lose regretfull 高考链接Passage 12005年湖北卷）Do you know what a “territory” is ? A territory is an area that an animal ,usually the male, claims as its own.Q: What is a birds “territory”?A. A place where families of other species are not accepted.B. A place where a bird may shout at the top of its voice.C. An area for which birds fight against each other.D. An area which a bird considers to be its own.Passage 2（2013湖北卷，B篇）For Sheila, wasting time or money is a crime, and luxury is unthinkable while Perri enjoys the occasional small luxury Q: The word “luxury” in Paragraph 3 means _.A. something rare but not pleasantB. something that cannot be imaginedC. something expensive but not necessaryD. something that can only be enjoyed by boysPassage3（2012全国卷） Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice. The Lucy skeleton (骨骼)on exhibition at the 解题技巧：1.要注意表示对比关系的词汇和短语主要有：unlike, not, but, however, despite, in spite of, in contrast 等。句子结构：while 引导的并列句。2. 要注意表示比较关系的词和短语主要有：similarly, like,likewise, just as, also, as well as 等。3.根据因果关系猜测词义：猜词练习：Tomisconsideredanautocraticadministratorbecausehemakesdecisionswithoutaskingtheopinionsofothers.（ ）解题技巧： 要注意表示因果关系的词和短语主要有：because, since, for, as, so, in order to, so as to, as a result, thus,sothat ,therefore等。4. 根据说明、并列、同义近义、反义等关系猜测词义猜词练习： Most women in China -educated and illiterated, urban and rural, the young and old-work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers.Q: Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “illiterate” ？_ A.repeat B.reiterated C.uneducated D. sick 5. 利用标点符号猜测词义 猜词练习：You may borrow from library any periodical :Time Magazine, News Weekly, Readers Digest, The New Yorkers ( )解题技巧：如果生词后使用破折号，冒号，分号，引号或括号，常常表示解释说明，可根据其后的内容来推断词义。6. 根据上下文的指代关系进行选择Ethiopian National Museum in the capital, Addis Ababa, is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom. What does the words “a replica” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. A painting of the skeleton. B. A photograph of Lucy C. A copy of the skeleton. D. A written record of Lucy.Passage4My son could not follow the teachers directions, h