综英unit out of stepppt课件.ppt

Unit3 OutofStep 1 TheAuthor BillBryson 1951 Awell knownAmericantravelwriterandhumorist BillBrysoncan tdecidewheretolive England Australia Iowa NewHampshire it sreallyatoughdecision But ashepointsoutinhisbook I mAStrangerHereMyself nomatterwhereBillis Bill sastranger MichaelFeldman 2 abouttheauthor BillBrysonwasborninIowain1951 Heisabest sellingAmericanauthorofhumorousbooksontravel Abackpackingexpeditionin1973broughthimtoEngland wherehemethiswifeanddecidedtosettle HewrotefortheEnglishnewspapersThetimesandTheindependentformanyyears writingtravelarticlestosupplementhisincome 3 HelivedwithhisfamilyinNorthYorkshirebeforemovingbacktothestatesin1995 toHanover NewHampshire withhiswifeandfourchildren In2003 heandhisfamilymovedbacktoEngland wheretheycurrentlyreside 4 Culturalnote theU S area ideallivingenvironment time consciousness travel1 USA acountryofvastterritory 9 375 720sq kmover314millionpeople 5 2 IdeallivingenvironmentformanyAmericans toescapebothisolationandcrowds Peoplehaveflockedtothesuburbs Thereisnothingbutcarthatcanmakeitpossibleforthemtomovearoundeasilylivinginsuburbs 6 3 Foracountrythatmovesgenerallyaccordingtoschedules beingpunctualishighlyvalued 7 4 peopleregardtravelasanindispensablepartoftheirlife peoplevaluefreedommorethananythingelse 8 IfyouareanAmerican youtravelasmuchasyoucan ifyouareanAmerican youtravelinyourowncar ItisnotuncommonatallforAmericanpeopletodrivefor5ormorehourstohavelunchordinnerwithafriendandthendrivebackfortheirfavoriteNBAgamesathome ZhouPingfromherpersonalexperience 9 Ihaven ttakenthetrainfornearly20years NoreasonwhyIshouldnow Iusedtohearpeoplesay Indeed formanypeoplelivingfarawayfromthetrainstation caristheonlyvehiclethattakesthemfromplacetoplace Besides itismuchcheaperandquickertomovearoundbydrivingacarthantakingthetrain Thatiswhymoreconsiderationsaregiventodriversthantopedestrianswhosevoiceishardlyaudible 10 NewEngland thebirthplaceofAmerica isfilledwithrichhistory culturalattractions fascinatingcities scenicvillages andoutdooradventuresateveryturn 11 NewEnglandNewHampshireDartmouthCollegeMainStreetResidentialNeighborhoodRoseyJekesCaf CappuccinoNuggettheatreMurphy sontheGreenGivearide 12 NewEngland NewEnglandisaregioninthenortheasterncorneroftheUnitedStatesconsistingofthesixstatesofMaine NewHampshire Vermont Massachusetts RhodeIsland andConnecticut 13 HistoryofNewEngland NewEnglandisoneofthemosthistoricandculturallyrichregionsoftheUSA TheregionwasoneoftheearliestEnglishsettlementsinthe NewWorld followingthearrivalofthePilgrimFathers whosetsailfromEnglandaboardtheMayflowerin1620insearchofreligiousfreedom TheyandtheirdescendantsarecalledYankees 14 TheregionwasthesceneofthefirstIndustrialRevolutionintheUnitedStates NewEngland andVirginia ledthewaytotheAmericanRevolution Bythe1840sitwasthecenteroftheU S anti slaverymovement andwastheleadingforceinAmericanliteratureandhighereducation 15 DartmouthCollege oneofthebestartcollegesintheworld LocatedontheConnecticutRiverandsurroundedbytheWhiteMountains itoffersthemostbeautifulnaturalsceneryintheIvyLeague 16 MainStreetInsmalltownsintheUnitedStates thestreetwheremostofthestoresareisoftencalledMainStreet 美国小城镇的 主街 17 Residentialneighborhood居民区curbN COUNTThecurbistheraisededgeofasidewalkwhichseparatesitfromtheroad 路边 18 pullup1 PHRASALVERBWhenavehicleordriverpullsup thevehicleslowsdownandstops 慢慢停下例 Thecabpulledupandthedriverjumpedout 出租车慢慢停了下来 司机跳下了车 19 20 NewHampshire 新罕布什尔州的格言是 不自由 毋宁死 Livefreeordie 21 Doyouneed wantaride Givesomeonearide 22 Hitchhiking 小说主人公及其伙伴沿途搭车或开车 几次横越美国大陆 最终到了墨西哥 OnTheRoadisbasedonthetravelsofKerouacandhisfriendsacrossAmerica ItisconsideredadefiningworkofthepostwarBeatGenerationwithitsprotagonistslivinglifeagainstabackdropofjazz poetry anddruguse 23 什么是搭车 搭便车是在路上乘陌生人的顺路的车来完成一段的路程 路程可能只是几公里也可能是几百公里 看车主一起顺路多远 搭车一般是不付钱的 24 欧美的搭车文化搭车自从汽车的诞生到60 70年代的欧美是非常普遍的一种交通方式 同时当代著名的小说 在路上 描写的几个年轻人横跨北美的故事也给无数的欧美人心中流下了很深的印象 对他们来说搭车有着浓浓的自由浪漫的精神 至今在欧美每年有数万人都用搭车做成他们的交通方式 对他们来说搭车还是一种自由探险的旅行方式 25 Atypicalhitchhikinggesture 26 warm up 1 Whichnationissaidtobeanationonthewheel 2 CarsareenteringordinaryChinesefamilies Ifyouhaveacar whendoyouprefertowalk andwhentodrive DoyouthinkCarswillbeaspredominantinChinaastheyareintheUnitedStates WhyorWhynot 27 3 Ifyou yourparentswon200 000RMBinlottery willyousuggestbuyingacar whyorwhynot 4 Inmodernsociety itseemsthatpeoplearelosingsometraditionalwaysofliving whatarethey 28 Whatinformationcanyoulearnfromthetitle outoffashionnolongerwalk 29 textanalysis OutofStep isanexpositionthatpresentstheabsurdityoftheAmericans dependenceoncars TheAmericans beingsoaccustomedtousingcars havealmostforgottentheexistenceoftheirlegs Wherevertheygo theygointheircars Asaresult pedestrianfacilitiesareneglectedincityplanningorrejectedbytheinhabitants 30 textunderstanding 1 Howdopeopleinthesmalltowntaketheauthor shabitofwalkingaroundforhisbusiness oddslightlyguiltyifnotgivinghimaride 31 2 Whydothepeopleconsiderhispreferenceforwalkingattimesabiteccentric 32 3 TowhatextenthavetheAmericanpeoplecometodependoncars 33 4 WhatistheproblemwiththeurbanplanningofAmericancities WhatdoesthathavetodowiththedependenceoftheAmericanpeopleoncars 34 5 Whatdoyouthinkmakestheauthorsadattheendofthepassage 35 6 DidtheauthorwriteoutanysolutiontotheproblemthatAmericanpeoplerelytoomuchoncars NoSoundthesiren 36 TextComprehension Decidewhichbeststatestheauthor spurposeofwriting PointingoutthefactthatAmericanswalktoolittletoday B Introducinganalternativetocar drivingasameansoftransportforanaverageAmerican C ComplainingaboutinconveniencetrafficconditionsforpedestriansinAmerica 37 StructuralAnalysis PartI para 1 6 Introductionoftheideawithananecdote PartII para 7 13 PresentationofthefactthattheAmericansarehabituatedtousingcarsforeverything PartIII para 14 20 Explanationofthefactthatpedestrianfacilitiesareneglectedordiscarded 38 PartI para 1 6 Whatkindoftownisit Whatisconsideredtheauthor s eccentricbehavior Howdopeopleinthesmalltowntaketheauthor shabitofwalkingaroundforhisbusiness Whywoulddrivers departreluctantly evenguiltily whentheirofferwasdeclined 39 sedatea quietespeciallyinawaythatlacksexcitement宁静的asedatecountrytownThefightagainstanuclearpowerstationsitehastransformedanormallysedatetownintoabattlefield calm seriousandformal庄重的 严肃的 不苟言笑的Sheisasedateoldlady sheiscaringbutnevertalksmuch 40 compact a smallandeasytocarryacompactcamerausingasmallamountofspaceThekitchenwascompactbutwellequipped antonym 41 venerablevenerablethingsorpeopledeserverespectbecausetheyareold important wiseetc值得敬重的 受敬佩的avenerablescholarthevenerableruinsoftheabbeyRespectable respectful respective 42 debonairfashionableandconfident carefree usuofmen Hestrolledabout lookingverydebonairinhiselegantnewsuit 43 cappuccino atypeofcoffeemadewithhotfrothymilkandsometimeswithchocolatepowderonthetop 44 Cappuccino此字的历史圣芳济教会 Capuchin 的修士都穿著褐色道袍 头戴一顶尖尖帽子 圣芳济教会传到意大利时 当地人觉得修士服饰很特殊 就给他们取个Cappuccino的名字 此字的意大利文是指僧侣所穿宽松长袍和小尖帽 源自意大利文 头巾 即Cappuccio 然而 老意爱喝咖啡 发觉浓缩咖啡 牛奶和奶泡混合后 颜色就像是修士所穿的深褐色道袍 于是灵机一动 就给牛奶加咖啡又有尖尖奶泡的饮料 取名为卡布奇诺 Cappuccino 直到一九九0年以后 才成为世人耳熟能详的咖啡饮料 应该可以这么说Cappuccino咖啡这个字 源自圣芳济教会 Capuchin 和意大利文头巾 Cappucio 45 46 eccentric adj ofpeople behaviorunusual peculiar notconventionalaneccentricladyTheoldgentleman wholivedaloneallhislife wassaidtohavesomeeccentrichabits Mostpeopleconsideredhimaharmlesseccentric eccentricity n eccentricityofstyle clothing mannersOneofhiseccentricitiesissleepingunderthebedinsteadofonit eccentrically 47 strolltowalksomewhereinaslowrelaxedway 48 curbpreventsthfromgettingoutofcontrol防止 失控 约束curbone sfeelings angercurbspendingplace putacurbon 49 Poornutritioncancurbachild sdevelopmentbothphysicallyandmentally Therewillbecurbsondrunk drivingfromnextmonth 50 paraphrase apleasant sedateandcompacttownaleafyresidentialneighborhoodIwouldn tdreamofgoingtoanyoftheseplacesbycar Peoplehavegottenusedtomyeccentricbehavior Theywoulddepartreluctantly evenguiltilyasifleavingthesceneofanaccidentwithoutgivingtheirname 51 PartII para 7 13 Whatisthemainideaofthepart HowimportantisthecartoaverageAmericans Howdoestheauthorsupportthisideainthispart 52 para7habituate Bytheendoftheschoolterm thestudentshadbeenhabituated accustomed usedtorisingatfiveo clock 53 Para8Contortion1 countable atwistedpositionormovementthatlookssurprisingorstrange Icouldnotforcemybodyintothecontortionsrequiredbyclassicalballet facialcontortions2 uncountable whensomethingistwistedsothatitdoesnothaveitsnormalshape involuntarymusclecontortion3 countable somethingdifficultyouhavetodoinordertoachievesomething HewentthroughaseriesofamazingcontortionstogetKarenaworkpermit 54 Contortimpliesviolentchangethatproducesunnaturalorgrotesqueeffects afacecontortedwithrage Twistappliestodistortionofformormeaning amouthtwistedwithpain HeaccusedmeoftwistinghiswordstomeanwhatIwantedthemto Thereporterdistortedthefacts 55 Deformreferstochangethatdisfiguresandoftenimpliesthelossofdesirablequalitiessuchasbeauty Greaterosiondeformedthelandscape Warpcanrefertoaturningortwistingfromaflatorstraightform Italsocanimplythebendingorturningofsomethingfromatruecourseordirection floorboardsthathadwarpedovertheyears 56 Para9 Thethingis Whatmatters Whatisimportantis e g Thethingisnottointerrupthimwhilehe stalking 要紧的是 57 extravagant She svery shespendsallhermoneyonclothes frugal economical thrifty extravagant Ihadafrugalmealofbreadandcheeselastnight Theylivedaveryfrugalexistence avoidingallluxuries Asfarasoilenergyisconcerned wecannotbetoofrugal 58 Hermotherisathriftyhousewife Mr Thompsonissothriftythatheisabletosavemorethanhalfofhisweeklysalary Onlyverythriftychildrenmanagetofillupamoney box Sheisaneconomicalhousekeeperandfeedsherfamilycheaply 59 Shehasbeenlongingforaluxuriouslife She sgotveryextravaganttastes 60 Para10acquaintanceaspeakingacquaintanceHeisnotafriendofmine onlyanacquaintance Iamnotacquaintedwithchemicalterms maketheacquaintanceofsb结识某人 61 Para11 13confess LesconfessionsSheconfessedtoherhusbandthatshehadsoldherweddingring Heconfessedtosleeping havingsleptthroughmostofthefilm that Ihavetoconfess that whenIfirstmetIanIdidn tthinkhewasverybright Ifounditallveryconfusing Imustconfess confessone ssins 62 63 deficient AdietdeficientinvitaminDmaycausethediseaserickets notgoodenoughHistheoryisdeficientinseveralrespects Pregnantwomenoftensufferfromirondeficiency 64 proficient skilledandexperiencedaproficientswimmerShe sproficientintwolanguages Ittakesacoupleofyearsofregulardrivingbeforeyoubecomeproficientatit proficiency Itsaidinthejobadtheywantedproficiencyinatleasttwolanguages 65 Inthisregard 66 paraphrase becomesohabituatedtousingthecar thatitdoesn toccurtoustounfurlourlegsandseewhatthoselowerlimbscando Wewillgothroughthemostextraordinarycontortionsto Andthethingis thismanlookedreallyfit jogsextravagantdistanceShelookedatmeasifIweretragicallysimple minded andIcanadjustitfordegreeofdifficultyIconfessithadneveroccurredtomehowthoughtlesslydeficientnatureisinthisregard 67 PartIII para 14 20 Whydidtheauthorsay Actually I msurpriseditwasthatmuch WhydidLaconiachangeitsdowntownpedestrianmalltoonewithparkinglots 68 Bring drivesthhometosb tomakesbrealizesthTheeditorialbroughthometomethatthegovernmentdidspendsomemoneyonthepedestrianfacilitiesthoughverylittle TheprofessordrovehometothestudentsthattheyhavetofinishthewritingassignmentbyFriday 69 pedestrianSkipskiplunchskipschool classskipthefirstchapterskipayear gradeSkippingrope jumpropeIsuggestweskipoverthedetailsandgettothepoint 70 ridiculous adj Whataridiculoussuggestion That sridiculous Thatfatwomanlookedridiculousinhertightgoldendress DoIlookridiculousinthishat Hehasbecomeanobjectofridicule n Thosewhoridiculeotherswillbepunishedinreturn v 71 exasperating annoying displeasingIt ssoexasperatingwhenhewon tlistentoawordthatisay exasperated annoyedHe sbecomeincreasinglyexasperatedwiththesituation 72 entertainanidea hope thoughtetctoconsideranideaetc orallowyourselftothinkthatsomethingmighthappenorbetrue Shecouldneverentertaintheideaoflivinginthecountry 73 paraphrase Accordingtoaconcernedandfaintlyhorrified1997editorial Actually I msurpriseditwasthatmuch Ihadthisbroughthometomeonesummerwhen IrealizedthatIwaspossiblytheonlypersonevertohaveentertainedthenotionofnegotiatingthatintersectiononfoot woetoanyonewhotriestomakeus 74 Iwaspossiblytheonlypersonevertohaveentertainedthenotionofnegotiatingthatintersectiononfoot p 17 Iwasveryprobablytheonlypersonwhohadeverattemptedtocrossthatintersectiononfoot 75 Discussion Whatisthetoneoftheauthorinthepassage Howdoestheauthorachievethiseffect self debasementinahumorousmannere g satireonpeople sridiculouscontradictioninacts e g 76 Howdidtheauthordevelophisideas bymeansofexamplesthemanheobservedoutsidethepostofficehisconversationwithanacquaintanceofhiswhowoulddrivehimtothegymhisownefforttowalkacrossthestreetthecommercialfailureofthepedestianmallinLaconia 77 Writingtechniqueinpara7 8 Topicexamples 78 Discussion ShouldprivatecarsbeencouragedinChina 79 Recommendedreadingsandmovies OntheRoadThedisappearedyear 我睡了81个人的沙发 记述了24岁的台湾女生连美恩 穿着最破的大衣 借无数人家里的沙发作为落脚点 在欧洲流浪14个月的经历 即所谓当沙发客 couchsurfing 在欧洲游玩的见闻点滴 80 1 Myfriendlikesto aroundthefleamarketonthechanceofpickingupsomethingofvalue 2 Ihavesome withEnglish butIdonotknowitwell Heha