山西省孝义市第三中学高三英语上学期第二次月考试题.doc

山西省孝义市第三中学2015届高三英语上学期第二次月考试题however, there are also plenty of things that astronauts cant do because of their weightless environment, and thats very sad. whats worse, they cant even let their sadness show because its impossible to cry in zero gravity.of course, astronauts can still produce tears. but crying is much more difficult in space, reported the atlantic in january. without gravity, tears dont flow downward out of the eyes like they do here on earth. this means that when you cry in space, your tears have nowhere to go they just stick to your eyes.in may 2011, astronaut andrew feustel experienced this during one of his spacewalks. “tears,” he said, “dont fall off of your eye. they just kind of stay there.”besides making your vision unclear, this can also cause physical pain. back on earth, tears are supposed to bring comfort to the eyes. but thats not the case in space. the space environment dries out astronauts eyes, and when tears suddenly wet the eyes, it can cause pain rather than comfort. “my right eye is painful like crazy.” feustel told his teammate during the walk.since gravity doesnt work in space, astronauts need some extra help to get rid of the tears. feustel chose to rub his eyes against his helmet to wipe the tears away. another choice is to just wait “when the tears get big enough they simply break free of the eye and float around,” astronaut ron parise told the atlantic.there are lots of small things things like crying that we are so used to on earth. we usually take them for granted, until they become a problem in a totally different environment, like space. there, astronauts cant talk to each other directly. they also cant eat or drink in normal ways. they cant even burp (打嗝), because there is no gravity to hold the food down in their stomach. if they do burp, they just end up throwing up (呕吐) everything in their stomach, according to the uk national space center.thus, perhaps its only space explorers who can honestly say: “gravity, youre the best.”1. what can we conclude from paragraphs 2 and 3?a. astronauts are unable to feel sad in space. b. astronauts produce fewer tears in space.c. tears produced in space flow down more slowly. d. tears produced in space dont flow downward.2. what effect do tears have on astronauts?a. they cause physical pain.b. they bring comfort to them.c. they make their vision clearer.d. they float around and cause trouble.3. what can the astronaut do to get rid of the tears?a. rub his eyes against his helmet to let the tears float forward.b. rub his eyes by hand to let the tears float around.c. get the tears big enough to fall off of his eyes.d. get the tears big enough to break away from his eyes.4. whats the second-to-last paragraph mainly about?a. suggestions on how astronauts can stay comfortable in space.b. other basic things that are difficult to do in space.c. why burping is impossible in space.d. things that humans cant do without gravity.bif you want to find a parttime job or learn something different during your spare time, you can have a look at the following jobs offered by the dc public library.teens of distinction programthe dc public library offers parttime jobs for teens through the teens of distinction program. teens work 1012 hours per week all year long, helping the library with important tasks and projects. the teens of distinction program is now hiring! to apply, you have to： be a dc resident have and maintain at least a 2.5 grade point average be 16 to 18 years old be able to work 1012 hours per week be able to work for dcpl for at least 9 monthsoh, and of course you have to impress us with your wonderful personality!teen volunteer opportunitiesif you want to earn community service hours for school, youth202 is a good choice.youth202 is a radio program created by youth and for youth. you can learn radio production skills, interview people around you, and help keep other teens to learn news, events, and anything else you think is important.summer youth employment program (syep)every summer, teens can work here to help library customers organize books and learn lots of new skills, such as program planning, writing and media production.on friday, january 25 at 12：15 pm., the application for the 2014 syep will be open to teens between the ages of 14 and 21.applications will be processed on a firstcome, firstserved basis. space is limited this year, so teens are encouraged to apply early, and remember not to miss the deadline, saturday, february 16.5if a teenager wants to interview people around him, he should apply for a job at _a. teens of distinction program b. youth202c. teens library d. summer youth employment program6what cant teenagers get in summer youth employment program?a. community service hours. b. program planning skills.c. writing skills. d. book management skills.7who has the biggest chance to work for the 2014 syep?a. a teenager who is smart.b. a teenager who is popular.c. a teenager who applies early.d. a teenager who gets high grades in exams.8the aim of text is to _a. introduce the dc public libraryb. describe the job of library workersc. teach how to apply for parttime jobsd. offer teenager parttime jobs in the dc public librarycin modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.i have taught many children who held the belief that their selfworth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. for them, playing well and winning are often lifeanddeath affairs. in their singleminded pursuit of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.however, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. in a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. teaching these young people, i often observe in them a desire to fail. they seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. by not trying, they always have an excuse: “i may have lost, but it doesnt matter because i really didnt try.” what is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. such a loss would be a measure of their worth. clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. both are based on the mistaken belief that ones selfrespect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. both are afraid of not being valued. only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve can we discover a new meaning in competition.9. the underlined phrase “the most vocal” in paragraph 3 means _.a. those who try their best to winb. those who value competition most highlyc. those who are against competition most strongly d. those who rely on others most for success10. what is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a “desire to fail”？a. ones worth lies in his performance compared with others.b. ones success in competition needs great efforts.c. ones achievement is determined by his particular skills.d. ones success is based on how hard he has tried.11. which point of view may the author agree to?a. every effort should be paid back.b. competition should be encouraged.c. winning should be a lifeanddeath matter.d. fear of failure should be removed in competition.dconventional wisdom says that hardship can make us old before our time. in fact, a new study suggests that violence not only leaves longterm scars on childrens bodies, but also changes their dna, causing changes that are equal to seven to ten years of premature（早熟） aging.scientists measured this by studying the ends of childrens chromosomes(染色体), called telomeres（端粒）, says idan shalev, lead author of a study published in molecular psychiatry.telomeres are special dna sequences which prevent the dna in chromosomes from separating. they get shorter each time a cell divides, until a cell cannot divide any more and dies.several factors have been found to shorten telomeres, including smoking, radiation（放射） and psychological stresses such as being treated badly when young and taking care of a chronically ill person.in this study, researchers examined whether exposure（暴露） to violence could make childrens telomeres shorten faster than normal. they interviewed the mothers of 236 children at ages 5, 7 and 10, asking whether the youngsters had been exposed to domestic violence between the mother and her partner; physical maltreatment by an adult; or bullying(恶霸). researchers measured the childrens telomeresin cells obtained by swabbing the insides of their cheeksat ages 5 and 10.telomeres shortened faster in kids exposed to two or more types of violence, says shalev. unless that pattern changes, the study suggests, these kids could be expected to develop diseases of aging, such as heart attacks or memory loss, seven to 10 years earlier than their peers.shalev says there is hope for these kids. his study found that, in rare cases, telomeres can lengthen. better nutrition, exercise and stress reduction are three things that may be able to lengthen telomeres, he says. the study confirms a smallbutgrowing number of studies suggesting that early childhood adversity imprints itself in our chromosomes, says charles nelson, a professor of pediatrics and neuroscience at harvard medical school.12. the new study found that _.a. hardship has a longterm effect on a childs mindb. violence leaves scars on a childs mindc. violence can speed up a childs agingd. hardship can change a childs aging13. according to the text, telomeres _.a. are at the ends of peoples chromosomes b. can help prevent dna from separatingc. can make a cell die quickly d. become shorter before they die14. all of the following things can shorten telomeres except _.a. maltreatment b. cell divisionc. smoking d. doing exercise15. what is the best title for the text?a. violence aging childrens dnab. childrens changing dna patternsc. violence and telomeresd. the function of telomeres第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 although problems are a part of our lives, it certainly doesnt mean that we let them rule our lives forever. one day or the other, youll have to stand up and say problem, i dont want you in my life. 16 problems with friends, parents, girlfriends, husbands, and children the list goes on. apart from these, the inner conflicts within ourselves work, too. these keep adding to our problems. problems come in different shapes and colors and feelings.but good news is that all problems can be dealt with. now read on to know how to solve your problems.talk, it really helps. what most of us think is that our problem can be understood only by us and that no talking is going to help. 17 talking helps you move on and let go.write your problems. 18 when you write down your problems, you are setting free all the tension from your system. you can try throwing away the paper on which you wrote your problems. by doing this, imagine yourself throwing away the problems from your life.dont lose faith and hope. no matter what you lose in life, dont lose faith and hope. even if you lose all your money, family you should still have faith. 19 your problems arent the worst. no matter what problem you get in life, therere another one million people whose problems are huger than yours. 20 your problems might just seem big and worse, but in reality they can be removed.go about and solve your problems because every problem, however big or small, always has a way out.a. but the truth is that when you talk about it, youre setting free the negative energies that have been gathering within you. b. when we have a problem, a pressing, critical, urgent, life-threatening problem, how do we try and solve it?c. tell yourself: when they can deal with them, why cant i?d. of course, weve been fighting problems ever since we were born.e. we can often overcome the problem and achieve the goal by making a direct attack.f. having a personal diary can also be of huge help if you dont want a real person to talk with.g. with faith and hope, you can rebuild everything that you lose.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分）第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。the world always makes way for the dreamerwhen i was twelve years old, my father took me to see zig zigler. i remember sitting in that dark hall listening to mr. zigler 21 everyones spirits up to the ceiling. i 22 there feeling like i could do anything. when we got to the car, i turned to my father and said, “dad, i want to 23 people feel like that.” my father asked me 24 i meant. “i want to be a motivational speaker just like mr. zigler,” i replied. a（an） 25 was born.recently, i began seeking my dream of motivating others. 26 a four-year relationship with fortune 100 company 27 as a sales-trainer and ending as a regional sales manager, i left the company at the height of my 28 . many people were 29 that i would leave after earning a six-figure income. and they wondered 30 i would risk everything for a dream.i made my 31 to start my own company and leave my worryingless（无忧虑的） position after 32 a regional sales meeting. the vice-president of our company made a 33 that changed my life. he asked us, “if a god would offer you three wishes, what would they be?” after giving us a(an) 34 to write down the three wishes, he then asked us, “why do you need a 35 ?” i would never forget the power i felt at that moment. i realized that 36 i had accomplished in the past had prepared me for this moment. i was ready and didnt need a gods help to become a motivational speaker. a motivational speaker was 37 .having made that decision, i was immediately 38 . one week after i gave notice, my husband was laid off from his job, and now we had no 39 . but i held fast to my dream. the wonder really began to happen. in a short time my husband found a better job. and i was able to book several 40 engagements with new customers. i discovered the unbelievable power of dreams.21. a. riseb. doc. putd. raise22. a. leftb. camec. arrivedd. reached23. a. getb. hopec. maked. cheer24. a. that b. whatc. whichd. if25. a. dreamb. ideac. girld. speaker26. a. afterb. beforec. becaused. while27. a. beginningb. workingc. actingd. regarding28. a. lifeb. lovec. moneyd. career29. a. disappointed b. movedc. surprised d. delighted30. a. whenb. whyc. ifd. how31. a. planb. promisec. decisiond. mind32. a. attendingb. joiningc. enteringd. holding33. a. newspaperb. bookc. reportd. speech34. a. dayb. instancec. weekd. moment35. a. loveb. workerc. godd. company36. a. everythingb. anythingc. nothingd. something37 .a. aliveb. deadc. missingd. born38. a. examinedb. searchedc. foundd. tested39. a. helpb. harmc. incomed. money40. a. sellingb. speakingc. writingd. listening第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。tom: sandy. it seems that only half of the students passed the final exam.sandy: really? the exam 41 have been very difficult this time.tom: well, im really 42 (surprise) too. there are many students who definitely didnt fail. according to jack, there are eight boys in his class who failed, 43 (include) himself and scott.sandy: oh! scott is 44 of the top students in the college. what about his sister, kate? did she pass?tom: oh, yes. it seems she 45 (get) good marks.sandy: thats 46 (absolute) unbelievable. ! scott was 47 much better student than his sister, and has been working so hard for the last few months.tom: it seems 48 (fair), doesnt it? but, from 49 ive heard, perhaps he worked too hard. he was ill during the week of the exam.sandy: oh, i see. these things happen, sometimes. i suppose the teacher will take his illness into account and give him a pass.tom: well, there is a rumor going around 50 the head of the department is leaving.sandy: because of the bad result, you mean?tom: well, i suppose so. im not sure. maybe mr. smith is going to be the new department head.第ii卷第三部分：写作（共两节；满分35分）第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。family is a most importa