高考英语短文改错题突破 (2).doc

高考英语短文改错题突破：九大常考点分析 高考短文改错题具有“高起点、低落点”的特点，对学生的语言感觉和语言能力要求较高，但改正的错误往往比较简单。很多学生做不好改错题不是因为没有掌握这些语法知识，而是不能通过语感找出错误。所以培养学生有意识地去注意一些高考短文改错的常考点非常重要。综合近年的高考题我们可以看出主要在以下语法项目上设题：1.名词和限制词的搭配主要涉及可数与不可数名词与冠词、指示代词、物主代词的错误搭配，以及名词的单复数的误用。2.动词的时态、语态以及非谓语动词常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时中间杂有另一时态的现象，以及动词的谓语与非谓语形式、非谓语动词之间的误用。3.代词的误用主要是代词的格与数的错用。如男性用了女性代词，单数用了复数代词或相反；应当用形容词性的物主代词用了名词性等。4.数词的误用主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用，以及hundred, thousand, dozen, score等词和具体数量词连用时的用法以及表示约数的用法。5.形容词与副词主要涉及到形容词和副词的原级、比较级与最高级的误用，以及形容词和副词的误用等。6.考查英语中的并列现象在一些英语中的并列结构中没有用并列的语法结构，如并列连词连接的两个部分等。7.考查上下文的逻辑关系but, and, so，however, otherwise等一些并列连词和连接副词的误用。before, after, when, until, since等状语从句引导词的误用等。还有肯定和否定的误用等。8.一些相似结构的误用如used to do, be used to do, be used to doing等结构的误用。9.惯用法的搭配改错步骤上述9个方面，同学们在做题时只要稍加留意，找出错误的比率就会增大很多。做短文改错题时一般遵循以下几个步骤：1.先通读全文。认真阅读短文，在做题之前确保已经弄清原文大意。注意文章中上下文的逻辑关系是否正确，时态、人称、主谓、指代等是否一致。2.聚焦出题热点、综合运用所学语言知识，分句(注意以句子为单位而不是以行为单位)对不同的错误情况进行分析和回答(即改词、加词或减词)。3.再次通读全文，校对自己的改正是否正确。一般各种改错的方式都应该用到，如果出现了某一种改法(如加词、减词等)没有用到，要考虑自己的改错应该有问题，要对刚才不是很有把握的行进行推敲。在自己认为正确的行后划勾，并且校对其他行改正的符号是否准确，大小写是否拼写正确(这点同学们很容易忽视)。如果某一行有两种改错方式要推敲哪一种是最佳改法。例题解析现分析2005年全国高考卷I&II.There are advantage for students to work while76._studying at school. One of them was that 77._they can earn money. For the most part,78._students working to earn money for their own79._use. Earning their own money allow them 80._to spend on anything as if they please. 81._They would have to ask their parents for 82._money or for permission to do things by 83._the money. Some students may also save 84._up for our college or future use.85._1.通读一遍，理解文章。搞清文章讲述的是学生自己挣钱的好处。注意文章的逻辑关系，时态、人称、主谓、指代等方面是否一致。可以发现82行上下文逻辑有错误，应在would后加not；77行中的时态和整篇文章的事态不一致，应将was改为is；80行主谓不一致，动名词做主语谓语用单数，应将allow改为allows； 85行代词的指代不一致，主语为三人称的复数形式，指代的物主代词应为their。2.逐句改错，注意热点。76行是名词的单复数误用，应将advantage改为advantages；79行本句中没有谓语应用动词的谓语形式而不是非谓语形式，应将working改为work； 81行as sb. please应为惯用法。84行情态动词后用动词原形。83行为介词的错用，具体用什么工具或东西应用介词with。3.再次通读，检查答案和符号。 高考英语短文改错专项练习1. Anita Mei was a very famous pop singer in Hong Kong. Together 76._ with her mother, she began to perform in the age of four. In the early 77._ 1980s, she took part in a local singing competition but won the first 78._ prize. The song “Bad Girl” made her famous. The following years see 79._ Anita play in many movies and made many records. Some of her songs 80._ were very popular. She was always ready to help others, she made 81._ a lot of good friends. When SARS hit Hong Kong in 2004, they 82._ organized several pop concert with other pop stars, calling on Hong 83._ Kong people to bravely face the disease. Sad, Anita died of cancer 84._ in December, 2003. The brave and the beautiful lady will always be 85._ remembered by people.2. When Joe left university, he got a good work in a bike factory. 76_But after he had been worked there for some years, he decided 77_ to have change, so he put a notice in several newspapers, 78_ saying what experiences he had and the kind of job he would 79_ like to have. One of the answers he accepted was from a man 80_ was looking for a job, too. This man wrote to him, “Dear, sir, 81_ when you get a new job, be kind enough to give your name and 82_ address to you present boss as I have been trying to find 83_ a position like yours for a long time.” After he reads the letter, 84_ he suddenly realized that what he had done was real foolish. 85_ 3. Every day John goes to work by trains. He always 76._buys a piece newspaper to read on the train, so he feels 77._that the time pass more quickly. One day on the train he 78._was reading a report about important football match. 79._The report was such interesting that he forgot to get off 80._at his station. He didnt know it until he saw the sea. 81._He got off at the next station, and wait a long time for 82._a train to go back. He arrived very lately at the office. 83._His boss was angry to him when he told him why he 84._was late. “Work is more importance than football!” 85._ 4. In the first day when I went to work in a very famous 76_restaurant, my boss complained that there were very a few 77_people coming for dinner. So I am “invited” to have a meal in 78_the restaurant. After ordering two French dishes and some food, 79_I began to look frequently at watch timing the serving of the 80_meal. Meanwhile, I looked around to see that there was anything 81_else wrong there. I wrote something improper down secret. My 82_meal was not serving yet. I looked at my watch ：32 minutes 83_passed! I realized that wait too long for service was the main 84_reasons why the business was poor. Then I wrote a report about 85_ my findings and presented it to the boss. 5. Last month we bought our two-year-old daughter a little dog. There are not many children of her age there we live, 76_ and we thought a dog would make her less alone. We were77_ right. They play together happily all days. Our daughter now78_ smiles and laughs a lot more than she used. In a way it79_ is like having two children in the house. All of them are 80_ very untidy, but they cry when they do not get what they81_ want. The dog is easy to look after than my daughter.82_ He always eats up all his food and we dont have piles of 83_ dirty clothes to wash. My wife is also happy because of84_ I have given up smoke. The dog doesnt like the smell.85_ 6. I went shopping with my wife. We have a lot of things to 1. _buy them. We drove to the center of the city and stopped 2. _our car in front of the shop. An hour late, we came back 3. _to the car. But it was strange that we couldnt open 4. _the door. So we asked policeman for help. He was 5. _glad to help us. A few minute later, he got the door open. 6. _Just then a man came up and shouted angrily. How are 7. _you doing with my car We were surprising and went to 8. _see the number of the car. What you think we did then 9. _We had to speak sorry to the man again and again. 10. _7. To my opinion, there are advantages and disadvantages 76._traveling both by plane and by train. Travel by plane is 77._time-saving, comfortably, and you can have a good rest 78._on the trip. but it is too expensive. Unless you travel by 79._train, it is not expensive and quite safety and you can 80._appreciate the beautiful sceneries on both sides of the 81._railway. However, it was too crowded and time-wasting, 82._and we can take a good rest. So you can see every 83._coin has two sides. Youd better to choose either of 84._them depending on your own interest or economy. 85._8. Dear Worried,I have accepted your letter and Im glad to give you some 76. _suggestions. First in all, dont be disappointed. Many students 77. _find it difficulty to write well. In my opinion, if you want to 78. _improve your writing, and you can do several things. First, 79. _do some study with phrases and sentence structures. Second, 80. _read as much as possible. There are many things cant be 81. _learnt. You must see it in books many times. Then youll 82. _be able to use them correctly yourself. But, in order to write 83. _well, you must learn to read much. Finally, youd better to 84. _recite some good passages. Good luck for you in your writing. 85._ 9. My cousin and I usually stay out late with some friends on Saturday evenings, left Grandpa alone at home. 71. _It was so cold yesterday, however, that none of us wanted 72. _to suffer from the frozen wind outside. So after dinner we 73. _stay at home sitting around a fire and listening to Grandpa 74. _tell his experiences in Second World War. In fact they 75. _sounded familiar to us, so we were still listening attentively 76. _so as to make him be happy. Now and then we asked Grandpa 77. _some questions, that he answered in a humorous way. We 78. _burst out laughing from time to time and he laughed too. 79. _Full of joy, we all felt especially warm in the cold evening. 80. _10. As is known to all that the Internet is playing 76_a more and more important part on our daily life. 77_On it, we can not only read news at home or abroad 78_but also get much information as possible. For instance, 79_we are often send e-mails or make telephone calls 80 _to our families as well as our friends. However, 81 _we can go to school on the net, read different 82 _kind of books and even teach ourselves English. We 83 _can also enjoy music, watching sports and play computer 84 _games. We can even do shopping without left our homes. 85 _11. Dear Xiaohua,It is four days since Mother accepted the operation. 76._She is feeling much more better. The doctors told me 77._the operation was successful, but because her old age 78._she had to stay in hospital for other two weeks. The 79._doctors also say it was quite necessary for her to 80._do so. We expect to get a full report in two and three 81._days. Please tell the good news to the rest of family 82._as fast as possible. You neednt come here. Im 83._able to look after Mother by myself. Youd better 84._send flowers to Mother. She will feel happily. 85._ Yours, Xiaohui12.Dear Li Xiaojun,Im glad to receive your letter. Id like to discuss the problem 76._with you. It is true that some video games is good for your 77._ thinking ability and they can sometimes make you felt relaxed 78._ Therefore, you are spending too much time on that. 79._ You are not little boy any more. You should learn to control yourself. 80._ Why not to try to finish your homework first every day 81._ and then spend a little time play some video games. I think, 82._ like a student, the most important thing is to study hard at school. 83._ You should try your best to get good grade in your 84._ subjects and try to become a useful person for the future 85._ Yours, Editor 13.I have a very embarrassing experience this evening. 76 . _ I saw a man at a bus stop when I was on my way back 77 . _ home. Though I saw him from behind, but I was sure he was 78 . _ a friend of mine whom I hadn t seen him for a long time. I gave 79 . _ him a tap on the shoulders with my umbrella and shouted to 80 . _ him at the same time. He turned round, completely taking by 81 . _ surprise. Unfortunately, he was my friend but a complete 82 . _ stranger. He was terribly embarrassed, for I didnt know 83 . _ how to explain him. I could only say in a low voice, Im so 84 . _ sorry, sir. After that I walked away as quickly as possibly. 85 . _14.One cold winter day in 1900, a small boy calling 1._Charlie Chaplin walking along the street in London. 2._He did not have breakfast and lunch. He wanted to 3._buy some bread, and he didnt have any money. 4._His father dead when he was very young. His 5._mother was often very sick, so she could not take 6._care of Charlie or his brother. All of them had to 7._work to help their sick mother. He was a small boy but his dream was not very big. 8._He wanted to be great man in the world of film. So 9._he worked very hard to sing and danced well. 10._15.Dear students， The Students Union was going to hold an English Speech 1. _ contest in the evening of December 30. The purpose 2. _ is increase the students interest in learning English and 3. _ improve their spoken English. Which is going to be held in 4. _ the school main hall and will begins at 7：30. And the 5. _ best five students of this English contest will be given 6. _ prizes. Someone in Grade Three will be 7. _ welcome to take part in it. Those would like to take part 8. _ in this contest should go to the office of the Students 9. _ Union and sign it up your names and the topics of your 10._ English Speech. Welcome to this great fun！ 16.Listening to foreign broadcast easier 1. _ if we know something about. There are clues 2. _ that can help us. One clue is the time of 3. _ day. Morning programs usually contains many 4. _ short items of news，informations，etc. The 5. _ items are short because of most of us are 6. _ getting ready to going to work in the 7. _ Often we do not have time listen 8. _ to long programs. There are time for more 9. _ details about the subjects discuss 10. _ in evening programs. 17.Life on earth depends the sun. Day after 1. _ day we see its light and feel its warm， but we 2. _ do not often consider about its origin. 3. _ Yet there are many remarkable things about the 4. _ sun. One is their distance from the earth. Even 5. _ if it could be made,a trip to the sun would spend a long 6. _ time even by the fastest rocket. 7. _ The sun is a large satellite. The planet 8. _ earth is very small in comparison. The sun make 9. _ us to feel hot， even at a distance of 93 million miles. 10. _ 18.After I finished the school this year，I began to 1. _ look for work. Now several month later， I still hadnt 2. _ found the job that I was interested. Last Sunday morning 3. _ I received a phone call from a man calling him Mr. Smith.4. _ He said to me on the phone， I hear you do very 5. _ well in your studies. I may provide a job for you. I entered 6. _ his office with a beaten heart. How I hoped that I 7. _ will go through the job -hunting talk today and he would8. _ take me on as a lab assistant. But to my surprised， 9. _ what he said disappointing. He only needed a model. 10. _ 19.Once an old man saw a bag on his way to home. 1. _ In the bag there was a wolf. It was catching and put in 2. _ the bag by a shepherd（牧羊人） a few minutes ago. The wolf asked the old man to let him out. 3. _ The old man took pity on him and opened bag. 4. _ When the wolf got out， said to the old man， I am very hungry. 5. _ I want to eat you. The other old man could do nothing 6. _ and cry for help. Just then the shepherd came and saw this. 7. _ He beat the wolf to death by a stick. Then he said to the 8. _ old man， wolves want to eat men all the time. Its nature 9. _ will never change. We should took this as a good lesson. 10. _ 20.Dear Sir， Im glad to recommend （推荐） to you my friend Li Ming. Li Ming was born on July 15， in 1974 in Beijing. 1. _ He graduated from Xisi Primary School in 1986. 2. _ When he was in the middle school， he did good in maths， 3. _ physics and chemistry and fond of art. Af