常用介词的主要用法表(按字母顺序).doc

常用介词的主要用法表（按字母顺序） 介词用法例句about关于He is eager to know everything about his home town.他急于知道有关他家乡的一切事。大约He is about twenty.他大约二十岁。到处，在周围(附近)He saw many books lying about his study.他看见许多书零乱地放在书房里。在身边等Have you a pen about you?你身边带钢笔没有？above(与below相反）在.上方The plane is flying above ther cloud.飞机在云层上面飞行。高出The Partys interests are above personal interests.党的利益高于个人利益。以上，超过(数量、年龄等)She is above fifty.她五十多岁了。across横过He is able to swim across the Changjiang River.他能横渡长江。在.对面The factory is across the river.工厂在河对岸。after(与before相反)在.之后(表示时间或地点)My brother came back after a month.我兄弟一个月后回来的。The wolf was running after Mr.Dong Guo.狼正在追东郭先生。against靠着Dont stand against the door.不要靠门站着。反对(与for相反)Are you for or against the plan?你赞成还是反对这个计划？along沿着，顺着There are a lot of people walking along the river.很多人沿着河边散步。among在.当中(两者以上的中间)The new products aroused special interest among visitors.这些新产品在参观者当中引起了特别大的兴趣。around在周围，围绕The Pioneers sat around the table.少先队员们围着桌子坐着。在.那边，在转过.的地方The bookstore is just around the corner.书店就在拐角过去的地方。as作为I study Japanese as a second foreign language.我把日语作为第二外语来学。at在某个地点、场所(较小地方)Who is standing at the door?谁站在门口？在时间、时刻、阶段He joined the army at sixteen.他十六岁参军。对引起某种情绪之原因加以说明We rejoiced at the good news.我们为这个好消息感到欣喜。向Her mother smiled at her.她母亲向她笑了笑。速度；比率；价格等The car runs at the rate of sixty miles an hour.这辆轿车每小时行六十英里。before(与after相反)在.之前(地点)A truck stopped before the school building.一辆卡车停在教学楼前。在.之前(时间)We finished the work the day before yesterday.我们前天结束了这项工作。behind在.后面There are many trees behind the house.屋后有许多树。比.晚The train is behind time.火车晚点了。below在.下面Water was found ten feet below the surface.在地面下十英尺处找到了水。低于He is below fifty,I think.我想他不满50岁。beside在.旁边Come and sit beside me.过来坐在我旁边。besides除.外(还有)What other courses do you take besides English?除了英语外还学什么课程？between在.(二者)之间Between the door and the window,there is a map.在门和窗中间有一张地图。beyond在.那边There is a village beyond the hills.山那边有个村庄。超出(能力范围)Its quite beyond me.这个我可干不了。but=except除去(多与all,who nothing等代词连用)All but Li Ming came to the meeting.只有李明一个人没有到会。by在.旁Come over here and stand by me.过来站在我旁边。在.之前，不迟于.We shall have studied twenty lessons by the end of the year.年底前我们将学完二十课。以.为手段、方式、工具等You can go to the station by bus.你可以坐公共汽车去车站。Thoughts are expressed by words.思想是用语言来表达的。We learn to swim by swimming.我们在游泳中学会游泳。从.旁边经过On my way to the office,I pass by the railway station.我上班路上要经过火车站。增减程度、尺寸、数量等Compared with last year,the output of summer crops this year has increased by 10 per cent.和去年相比，今年夏收作物产量增长了百分之十。在被动语态中后接动作执行者The wealth of society is created by the labouring people.社会财富是劳动人民创造的。down(与up相反)沿.而下We walked down the hill before sunset.我们日落前下山。during在.时期中It happened during the last few years.这事发生在最近几年中。except除.外；不包括We all went except him.除他之外我们都去了。for为了.We work for the people.我们为人民工作。对.而言It was a good thing for him.这对他来说是件好事。经历一段时间或距离I have worked here for five years.我已在此工作五年了。I followed him for some distance.我跟了他一段路。去到或开往某地She left Shanghai for Beijing yesterday.她昨天离开上海去北京了。给Heres a letter for you.这儿有你一封信。由于Thank you for your kindness.谢谢，您太好了！交换I bought the dictionary for six yuan.我花六元钱买了这本词典。作为Ill keep it for a souvenir.我要把它留作纪念。赞成Are you for this plan?你赞成这个计划吗？对(表示感情、才能等)We have boundless admiration for her devotion to the Party.我们对她的献身于党的精神无限钦佩。from从This has lifted a load from my mind.这使我从心里轻松了许多。来自Where are you from?你是什么地方人？由于He died from cancer.他死于癌症。He felt very weak from lack of sleep.由于缺乏睡眠，他感到软弱无力。免于,使不A PLA man saved the boy from death.一位解放军战士救了这个男孩的命。No force can prevent us from studyign science.什么力量也不能阻止我们学科学。in在一段时间内I returned to Beijing in the middle of June.我是六月中回北京的。过.后(指未来的时间)He will return in an hour.他一小时后回来的。在.内(地点)Comrade Li lives in the next room.李同志住在隔壁房间里。The delegation arrived in Beijing yesterday. 代表团昨天到达北京。在.方面My brother is very strong in maths.我的兄弟擅长数学。用某种语言She keeps a diary in English.她用英语记日记。身着The girl is in red.那女孩穿着红衣服。以.形式(方式)The Party has always educated us in the spirit of internationalism.党一贯以国际主义精神教育我们。进入Put your books in the desk.把书放进书桌里。inside在.里面He was standing just inside the door.他正在门里站着。into(与out of相反)进入The teacher went into the classroom.老师走进教室。变成The book has been translated into Chinese.这本书已译成中文。like象This comrade looks like my brother.这个同志很象我哥哥。near靠近;在.附近Near the mountain there is a hospital.山附近有一个医院。of表示所有、部分、同位关系以及动宾关系等Beijing is the capital of China.北京是中国的首都。a piece of paper 一张纸，a cup of tea 一杯茶， the city of Nanjing 南京城， a waste of money 浪费钱关于,对于I have never heard of the book.我从没听说过这本书。因.而He died of poverty and hunger.他死于贫穷和饥饿。用.(制造)That bridge is made of steel.那座桥是钢制的。off从.离开The book fell off the table.书从桌上掉了下来。He is off duty today.今天他休息。on在平面或线上There are a lot of pictures on the wall.墙上有许多画。He comes from a small city on the Changjiang River.他来自长江边上的一座小城。在某日(某天上午、下午、晚上等)He was born on September 5,1970.他生于1970年9月5日。He left Guangzhou for home on the morning of July 2.他在七月二日上午离广州回国。论述,关于This is a book on agriculture.这是一本关于农业的书。状态、活动He was on night shift that week.那星期他上夜班。在.(边)on the right(left)side of .在.右边(左边) onto到.上面The monkey jumped onto the crocodiles back.猴子跳到鳄鱼的背上。out of从.出来All the students came out of the classroom to welcome us.学生们都走出教室来欢迎我们。在.之外The wounded soldier is out of danger.受伤的士兵脱险了。outside在.外面They waited for us outside the station.他们在车站外面等我们。over在.上方,上面(与under相反)A lamp hangs over the table.桌子上方挂着一盏灯。遍及We have friends all over the world.我们的朋友遍天下。越过Can you jump over the ditch.你能跳过这条沟吗？多于,超过(表示数量)The output was over 200 tons.产量超过了200吨。past从旁过去I saw a boy running past my window.我看见一个男孩从我窗前跑过去。过了(时间)I got up at half past five today.今天我五点半起床的。超过He is far past forty.他已四十好几了。round围绕The earth goes round the sun.地球绕太阳转。since自.以来自从She has been learning English since 1978.她自1978年开始学英语。through通过The train rushed through the tunnel.列车冲过隧道。throughout遍及,到处The news spread throughout the city.消息传遍了全城。till直到.为止He did not come till five oclock.他直到五点才来。to向、去(某处)The next day,we came to Lao Wangs home.第二天我们来到了老王家。We are marching to Tian An Men.我们正向天安门行进。向,给Greetings to you!向你们问好！对,对于She is very kind to her students.她对她的学生很和蔼。到,差(时间、数量)He came back at a quarter to ten.他十一点差一刻回来的。Dont leave things to the last moment.不要把事情拖到最后一刻才做。toward(s)向、对、近Toward(s) the end of the class we had dictation.在快下课的时刻我们做听写。under(与over相反)在.下面Your pen is under the pap