广东省中山市重点高中高考英语 语法专题演练 情态动词和虚拟语气01.doc

情态动词和虚拟语气专题演练一 1they _ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.a. will b. canc. must d. should解析句意：他们本应该午餐时间到达，可是他们的飞机晚点了。can 用在疑问句和否定句中，意为：可能；must have done 表示推测，意为：一定做过；should have done 表示(过去)本应该做而没做。根据句意可知答案为d项。答案d2if you _ smoke, please go outside.a. can b. shouldc. must d. may解析句意：如果你非要抽烟，请到外面去。must 用于条件句，表示“非要，偏要”。其他三项均不符合语境。答案c3i _ sooner but i didnt know that they were waiting for me.a. had come b. was comingc. would come d. would have come解析句意：我不知道他们一直在等我，否则，我就会早点来了。根据 but 后面内容可知设空处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，其主句谓语动词形式：would/should/could/might have done。故答案为d项。答案d4it _ be the postman at the door. its only six oclock.a. mustnt b. cantc. wont d. neednt解析句意：门外不可能是邮递员。现在才六点。a：不可以，禁止；b：不可能；c：不愿意；d：不必。根据句意可知答案为b项。答案b5 i _ through that bitter period without your generous help.a. couldnt have gone b. didnt goc. wouldnt go d. hadnt gone解析句意：如果没有你的慷慨相助的话，我不可能熬过那段艰苦的日子。本题考查虚拟语气。without your generous help 相当于含蓄条件句if it hadnt been your generous help，此处表示与过去事实相反，所以主句部分采用 couldnt have done 结构，表示“本不可能”，故选择a项。答案a6will you read me a story, mummy?ok. you _ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.a. might b. mustc. could d. shall解析句意：妈妈，给我讲个故事好吗？好，如果你尽快上床睡觉，我就给你讲一个。shall 在此处表示“允诺”，故选择d项。答案d7i dont really like james. why did you invite him?dont worry. he _ come. he said he wasnt certain what his plans were.a. must not b. need notc. would not d. might not解析句意：我真的不喜欢 james。为什么你邀请他？别担心。他可能来不了。他说他还不能确定他的计划是什么。must not 表示禁止；need not 表示不必；would not 表示不会；might not 表示可能不。根据句意答案为d项。答案d8where are the children? the dinners going to be completely ruined.i wish they _ always late.a. werent b. hadnt beenc. wouldnt be d. wouldnt have been解析句意：孩子们都到哪里去了？宴会就要被他们彻底破坏了。我希望他们不要总是迟到。本题考查虚拟语气。wish 后跟 that 从句，从句部分采用虚拟语气，与现在事实相反的用一般过去时，与过去时相反的用过去完成时。本题表示与现在事实相反，所以用一般过去时，故正确答案为a项。答案a9maybe if i _ science, and not literature then, i would be able to give you more help.a. studied b. would studyc. had studied d. was studying解析句意：也许如果当时我学习的是理科而不是文科的话，那么我(现在)就可以给你更多的帮助了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据 then 一词可以确定此处表示与过去事实相反，故 if 引导的从句部分用 had done，故选c。答案c10shall i inform him of the change of the schedule right now?i am afraid you _， in case he comes late for the meeting.a. will b. mustc. may d. can解析句意：我该马上通知他日程改了吗？我想你必须(通知他)，以免他开会迟到。must 必须；will 愿意，将要；may 可以；can 能够。根据句意可知，正确答案为b项。答案b11pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.i _ it, but i was busy preparing for a job interview.a. attended b. had attendedc. would attend d. would have attended解析句意：很可惜你错过了这次有关核污染的演讲。我本来要参加，但(那时)忙于准备工作面试。本题考查虚拟语气。根据 but 后面的内容可知，设空处表达与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以正确答案为d项。答案d12hows your new babysitter?we _ ask for a better one. all our kids love her so much.a. should b. mightc. mustnt d. couldnt解析句意：你家的新保姆怎么样？我们再不可能找到比这个更好的保姆了。所有的孩子都非常喜欢她。should 应当；might 也许；mustnt 禁止，不允许；couldnt 不可能。couldnt ask for a better one 意为“找不到更好的”，也就是“是最好的”，符合句意。答案d13i left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.how unbelievable to get it back! i mean, someone _ it.a. will have stolen b. might have stolenc. should have stolen d. must have stolen解析句意：我把手提包落在火车上了，不过，幸运的是，有人把它交给了乘警。把包拿回来是多么不可思议啊！我的意思是，有人可能偷了你的包。本题考查情态动词的用法。will have stolen 为将来完成时，而此事已经过去，故被排除。might have stolen 可能已经偷了，符合语境，故答案为b项。should have stolen 表示本应该偷而事实上却没有；must have stolen 表示肯定偷了，均不符合句意。答案b14no one _ be compared with yao ming in playing basketball.oh, you are really his big fan.a. can b. needc. must d. might解析句意：在打篮球方面没有人能够和姚明相比。哦，你真是他的超级粉丝。根据语境可知空格处应填 can，表示“可以，能够”，故选a项。答案a15 if you _ go, at least wait until the storm is over.a. can b. mayc. must d. will解析句意：如果你偏要走，至少要等到暴风雨停了。if you must do sth. 为固定用法，意为：如果你偏要做某事。can 用于肯定句表示理论上的可能或表示能力；may 可以，可能；will 愿意。答案c16why didnt you come to simons party last night?i wanted to, but my mum simply _ not let me out so late at night.a. could b. mightc. would d. should解析句意：为什么你昨天晚上没来参加西蒙的聚会？我想来参加的，但我妈妈根本不愿让我那么晚出来。would 表示“愿意”；a：能力或可能；b：可能；d：应该。答案c17the police still havent found the lost child, but theyre doing all they _.a. can b. mayc. must d. should解析句意：警察还没有找到那个失踪的小孩，但是他们在做自己能做的一切。从语境看，这里用 do all they can 表示“做他们能够做的一切”，用 can 表示“可以，能够”。答案a18i _ worry about my weekendi always have my plans ready before it comes.a. cant b. mustntc. darent d. neednt解析句意：我不必担心我的周末我总是在周末来临之前就计划好了。根据下文可知d项“没有必要”符合语境。a：不能，不可能；b：禁止；c：不敢。答案d19just be patient. you _ expect the world to change so soon.a. cant b. needntc. may not d. will not解析句意：耐心点。你不能指望这个世界变得如此之快。这里用 cant 表示“不能，不可以，不可能”。neednt 没有必要；may not 可能不；will not 将不，都不符合句意。答案a20i _ have watched that movieitll give me horrible dreams.a. shouldnt b. needntc. couldnt d. mustnt解析句意：我本不应该去看那部电影它会使我做噩梦的。shouldnt have done 本不该做，但是做了；neednt have done 本没必要做，但是做了；couldnt have done 不可能做了某事。无 mustnt have done 结构。根据题干所提供信息应选a项。答案a21mark _ have hurried. after driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.a. neednt b. wouldntc. mustnt d. couldnt解析句意：mark 本不必那么匆忙。他极速行驶，最后早到了半个小时。neednt have done 表示过去不必要做的事情却做了。couldnt have done 表示过去不可能做了(某事)；wouldnt have done 用在表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中；mustnt 表禁止，不用在此结构中。答案a22john went to the hospital alone.if he _ me about it, i would have gone with him.a. should tell b. tellsc. told d. had told解析句意：约翰自己去医院了。要是他(事先)告诉我，我就跟他去了。本题考查虚拟语气的 if 条件句的时态。根据第一句谓语动词 went，可知第二句的主从句为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故 if 从句谓语动词要用 had told。答案d23sorry, professor smith. i didnt finish the assignment yesterday.oh, you _ have done it as yesterday was the deadline.a. must b. mustntc. should d. shouldnt解析句意：对不起，史密斯教授，昨天我没有完成作业。哦，你本应该完成的，因为昨天是最后的期限。四个选项中b项不能与 have done 连用，故排除； must have done 意为“肯定做了”，表推测，说明说话人对所推测的事情把握较大，如：it must have rained last night，for the ground is wet now.昨天夜里肯定下雨了，因为地面现在是湿的。should have done 本应该做(实际上没做)；shouldnt have done 本不应该做(实际上做了)。由语境可知c项正确。答案c24good morning, ive got an appointment with miss smith in the personnel department.ah, good morning. you _ be mrs peters.a. might b. mustc. would d. can解析句意：早上好，我和人事部的 smith 小姐有约。啊呀，早上好。那您一定是 peters 女士。本题考查情态动词表推测的用法。根据题干可以判断说话人对所推断的情况很肯定，故选择b项。答案b25the weather has been very hot and dry.yes. if it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! and my vegetables _.a. wouldnt die b. didnt diec. hadnt died d. wouldnt have died解析句意：现在天气变得又热又干。是啊。如果当初下一点雨，现在情况也会好很多！我的蔬菜也就不会死了。本题考查虚拟语气。题干中 if 引导的从句为过去完成时，是对过去事情的虚拟，主句却是 would do，对现在事实的虚拟，此为干扰部分，考生须分析清楚句意，空格处表示蔬菜都死了，是过去的事实，在对过去的事实进行虚拟，故选择d项。答案d26i havent got the reference book yet, but ill have a test on the subject next month.dont worry. you _ have it by friday.a. could b. shallc. must d. may解析句意：我至今还没有拿到参考书，但是下个月这个学科就要测试了。别担心。周五之前你一定会有的。本题考查情态动词。shall 用于第二人称表示允诺、要求、命令、威胁等语气，根据句意可知此处表示允诺的语气，故答案为b。could 能，能够；must 必须；may 也许，均不符合语境，可排除。答案b27 if we _ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.a. take b. had takenc. took d. have taken解析句意：如果我们走另一条路，我们可能早就按时到会了。本题考查的是虚拟语气。根据句意及后边主句谓语 might have arrived 可知 if 从句表示与过去事实相反，故 if 从句的谓语动词