天津市高考英语二轮复习 第四部分 阅读表达 专题十九 理解捕捉具体信息课件.ppt

第四部分阅读表达 2 命题规律 备考策略 阅读表达的测试目的是从多方位 多角度考查考生通过阅读获取信息 处理信息并进行书面表达的能力 此题型不同于阅读理解 它重视语言的综合性和语境化因素 把语言知识放在实际的语境中考查 重视问题的真实性 情境性和应用性 它不仅要求考生理解文章 还需要考生用自己的语言表达出来 而且要受到词数的限制 因此 它比传统的阅读理解题型更具综合性和主观性 更能体现对考生综合语言运用能力的考查 阅读表达属于主观题 它能考查考生概括语言的能力 捕捉信息的能力 预测事实的推断能力以及自主创新的能力 该题型的优点在于既考查了考生的理解能力 又考查了考生的英语表达能力 它的另一个优点是开放性 这给了考生一个非常广阔的思维空间和表达空间 3 命题规律 备考策略 一般来说 阅读表达所采用的文章比阅读理解篇章长度稍短 难度稍低 文章的选材贴近考生生活 时代感较强 体裁以说明 记叙 夹叙夹议等文体为主 所选取的篇章内容逻辑性强 文章结构严谨 层次分明 便于考生在阅读的基础上进行综合理解 高考对于该题型的考查主要有以下几种类型 1 理解捕捉具体信息 2 解释画线单词或句子意思 3 概括主旨和要义 4 阐述写作意图 5 陈述个人观点和态度 4 命题规律 备考策略 2013 2017年高考英语天津卷阅读表达试题考点统计 5 命题规律 备考策略 一 养成良好的阅读习惯 掌握一定的阅读技巧 要善于概括文章或者其中某个段落的主旨大意以及作者的写作目的 要善于分析和把握篇章的结构 推测作者的语气 态度和观点 捕捉文章的具体信息 理解特定环境中语言的含义 二 养成主动思考的习惯 在平时的阅读中就要主动对文章的内容或者作者的观点进行讨论和评价 对文中的故事情节或者作者的思路进行预测 对作者的语气进行揣摩 形成主动思考的阅读习惯 三 认真审题 准确表达 在回答题目之前要认真审题 判断问题的类型 弄清题目的要求 回答要有针对性 避免答非所问 注意问题后面的词数要求 要书写工整 表达准确 专题十九理解捕捉具体信息 7 考情概览这类题目一般要求考生结合文中某个方面进行解答 通常要求答案固定或者唯一 且可在文章中找到明确的答案或者依据 与阅读理解中的细节理解题类似 作者一般会通过运用事实 分析原因或者对比事物间的关系等加以论证自己的观点 8 做该类题目时 首先要仔细地理解问题 明确问题问的是什么 然后按照题意进行寻读 找到文中的重要事实或细节 也就是快速准确地在文章中找到题目中所涉及的内容 主要是在问题中和文章中搜索相似的关键词 或关键句 这类题的答案一般都在文章中 从历年试题来看 这类题目可难可易 可深可浅 因此在解答这类题时 考生要格外谨慎 需要特别注意 一般不要用文章中的原句作为答案 因为一般的问题都不会那样直白 最好能对文章的细节信息进行简单加工和整合 形成自己的语言 然后简明扼要地写下来 注意写下的句子一定不要出现语法上的错误 这种命题形式非常灵活 往往对文章中的具体信息进行提问 通常用what why how等特殊疑问词进行提问 9 常见的回答方式有 why because what 句子 名词或动词 ing形式 列举 名词 动词 ing形式 how bydoing 10 典例分析 2017 天津卷 intheyearsofmygrowingup dadwasstrictwithme hemadesureimademybedanddidmyhomework hewouldcallinadvancetomakesuretherewasnoalcoholattheparty igotsoangrywithhimforlayingdownthelaw iwouldscream ihateyou dadwouldyellback good idon tcare deepdowniknewhedid onetimeataparty idranktoomuchalcoholandgotsosick isaid callmydad nextthing dadwascarryingmetothecar iwokeupthenextmorning thinkingiwoulddefinitelybecriticised asexpected igotaroasting butinowunderstandwhyineededdiscipline 11 dadwas29whenhegothisbigrolesinfilms ihadanearlystartattheageofninewitharoleina1990stvseries butitwasn tuntilifinishedfilmstudiesthatipursuedmycareerasanactress likethoseearlydaysfordad ifacedlotsofrejections workinginsuchacompetitiveindustry i vesometimesthought ican tdothisanymore once afteratriptohollywood ireturnedtoaustraliasodepressedandspentmonthsinmybedroompainting listeningtoeckharttolle smusicandtryingtofindmyselfagain dadsatmedownandsaid alice iknowit shard butit sallaboutpersistence 坚持不懈 12 nowigettoworkwithdadalot whichilove wearebothpassionateaboutacting whichcomesfromusbeingsointerestedinpeople ifitweren tfordad iwouldn tbewhereiamtoday he smybiggestfan andwhenyouhavethatinyourlifeyoucangoalongway 13 58 whatdidalice sfatherdowhenshefeltdepressed nomorethan5words heencouraged comforted inspiredher 由第四段中的 dadsatmedownandsaid alice iknowit shard butit sallaboutpersistence 可知 当alice感到沮丧时 父亲坐下来和她谈心 给她安慰与鼓励 59 accordingtothelastparagraph whatdoaliceandherfatherhaveincommon nomorethan10words theyarebothpassionateaboutactingandinterestedinpeople 由最后一段中的 wearebothpassionateaboutacting whichcomesfromusbeingsointerestedinpeople 可知答案 14 a b c 2017 天津第一中学第四次月考 onmyfirstjobassportseditorforthemontpelierleaderenterprise mle ididn tgetalotoffanmail somyattentionwascaughtbyaletteronmydeskonemorning wheniopenedit iread sweetpieceofwritingonthetigers keepupthegoodwork itwassignedbydonwolfe thesportseditor becauseiwasateenager beingpaidthegrandtotalof15centsacolumninch hiswordscouldnothavebeenmoreinspiring ikepttheletterinmydeskdraweruntilitgotold wheneveridoubtedihadtherightstufftobeawriter iwouldrereaddon snoteandwalkonairagain 15 a b c later whenigottoknowhim ilearnedthatdonmadeahabitofwritingaquick encouragingnotetopeopleinallwalksoflife whenimakeothersfeelgoodaboutthemselves hetoldme ifeelgood too overtheyears i vetriedtocopydonandwriteupliftingwords inaworldtoooftencoldandunresponsive suchnotesbringwarmth whyarepositivenotewritersinsuchshortsupply myguessisthatmanywhoshyawayfromthepracticearetooself conscious theyareafraidtheywillbemisunderstood thusitmaycausetroublesandproblems anditsoundsinsincereonthephone also writingtakestime itisfareasiertopickupthephone 16 a b c thedrawbackofphonecalls ofcourse isthattheydonotlast anoteattachesmoreimportancetoourwell wishing itisamatterofrecord andourwordscanbereadmorethanonce savored 回味 andtreasured andtheybringstrengthandlovetous todayisentawarmlettertomyoldboss idon tknowifitwillmakehisday butitmademine asmyfrienddonwolfesaid makingothersfeelgoodaboutthemselvesmakesmefeelgoodtoo 17 a b c 1 whatdoestheunderlinedpart walkonair inparagraph2probablymean nomorethan5words becomeconfident feelgoodaboutmyself becomeuplifted 2 accordingtotheauthor whyaren tpeoplewillingtowriteletters nomorethan15words becausetheymaybeself conscious andwritingmaycausemisunderstanding andittakestime 3 whydidtheauthorwritetohisoldboss nomorethan15words toencouragehim makehimfeelgoodandthesametotheauthorhimself 4 what sthetextmainlyabout nomorethan10words thepowerofaletterfromdonwolfe 5 wereyouencouragedbyanybody andhow nomorethan25words open 18 a b c normally ilovedbirthdays whenmysonandthreedaughterswerelittle myhusband charles andialwaysmadesuretohavedinner followedbyabigcakeandpresents later whenthekidsgrewupandlivedindifferentstates theyalwayscalledtowishmeahappybirthday butthisyearicouldhaveskippedthewholeday knowingtherewasonecalliwouldn tbereceiving theonefrommydaughterpatty she dpassedawayunexpectedlyjustamonthbefore onethingwhichmademefeelalittlecalmwasavoicemessagethatshe dleftonmycellphonethenightbeforeshedied tellingmeshelovedme 19 a b c overthefollowingdaysiplayedhermessageofwishesoverandoveragain listeningtothelastwordsshesaid iloveyouvery verymuch mom then acoupleofweeksbeforemybirthday whileiwasdoinglaundry iaccidentallydroppedmyphoneinthewashingmachine quicklyipulleditoutanddrieditoff butwhenicheckedmyvoicemail patty smessagewasgone icried heartbroken dayafterdayikeptcheckingmyvoicemail hopingpatty smessagewouldreappear itneverdid 20 a b c onthemorningofmybirthday ireceivedmyson swishes however alliwantedformybirthdaywastohearpatty svoiceagain happybirthday charlessaid let sgooutfordinnerandamovie itmighthelptakeyourmindoffthings charleswasright iturnedoffmyphone settledintomyseatinthemovietheaterandletthefilmtakemeaway buttheminuteitendedistartedthinkingaboutpattyagain aswewerewalkingoutofthetheater iturnedonmyphone itrang signalingi dgottenavoicemessage probablyjustmyyoungestdaughter leslie callingtowishmeahappybirthday ithought idialedupvoicemailandthemessagebegan itwaspatty svoice clearasabell sayingagain iloveyouvery verymuch mom 21 a b c 1 howdidthefamilycelebratetheauthor sbirthdaywhenthechildrenwereyoung nomorethan10words byhavingdinnerwithabigcakeandpresents theyhaddinnerwithabigcakeandpresents 2 whydidn ttheauthorwanttocelebrateherbirthdaythisyear nomorethan11words becausesheknewshecouldn treceiveherdaughterpatty scall wishes or becauseherdaughterpattypassedawayandcouldn tsendherwishes 22 a b c 3 howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedsentenceinthefourthparagraph nomorethan8words itmighthelpherforgetsadness sadthings patty sdeath 4 whathappenedwhentheauthorwasdoingsomewashingoneday nomorethan15words sheaccidentallydroppedherphoneintothewashingmachineandlostthevoicemailfrompatty 5 whatdoyouthinkofthestory giveyourreasonsinyourownwords nomorethan20words open ithinkitismoving touching becausewhateverhappens thegreatlovebetweenparentsandchildrenstillexists 23 a b c theonlythingsweeterthanfindingacupcakeinyourlunchboxisfindingaloving handwrittennote whenskyegouldwasinthesixthgrade hermothersenthertoschooleachdaywithaninspiringnotepackedinherlunch thenotesvariedintheirmessage butalwayscontainedapieceof lunchboxletteradvice morethanadecadelater ashermaster sthesis 论文 forohiouniversity sschoolofvisualcommunication skyeuseddozensoftheletterstocreatethewebsite advicefrommymom thesitesharesthenotesandencouragesotherstothinkabouteffectiveadvicethey vereceivedfromtheirlovedones 24 a b c itwasimportanttomeandilovedgettingthem gouldtoldthemediaabouttheletters rereadingthemforthefirsttimefortheproject ididn trealizethereweresomanythingsthatstuckwithme stephanieskylar gould smom wroteherdaughtermorethan100notesfrom2003to2004 gouldsaidonherwebsite duringthisperiod skylarwasworkingfull timeandthenotesallowedhertofeelconnectedtoher12 year olddaughterwhentheywereapart andgaveherconfidenceandadvice it savulnerable 易受伤害的 timeinanygirl slife iwantedtoimplantpositivemessagesinskye sheadwithoutsoundinglikeastrictmom skylarsaid ididn twanthertofallintothepackwiththeothers iwantedhertobeindependent strongandhappy 25 a b c thelettersweresuccessfulintheirmis