英语教学法复习提纲Unit13.doc

Unit13 Assessment in Language TeachingWhats the assessmentAssessment in ELT means to discover what the learners know and can do at a certain stage of the learning process.117. Assessment purposes that you think apply to an ELT classroom.X 1. To discover learners weaknesses Agree/disagree 2. To discover learners achievements 3. To evaluate the existing curriculum 4. To check upon teachers performance 5. To motivate learners 6. To provide an incentive for learning 7. To provide the basis for further planning of teaching: what to teach next8. To qualify students X 9. To provide the basis for correction 10. To provide criteria to qualify for higher level studies 11. To provide learners with a sense of accomplishment 12. To foster the ability to learn.118. Assessment methods:(Teachers assessment, continuous assessment, students self-assessment, and portfolios讲义.) 1). Teachers assessment Research shows that the teachers knowledge of children and their strengths and weaknesses is more accurate and sound than testing (Law and Eckes, 1995:44). 2). Continuous assessment The final grade given to the student is not his or her mark on the final exam paper; rather, it is some kind of combination of the grades the learner has received for various assignments during the course. 3). Students self-assessment The students themselves are given the chance to evaluate their own performance, using clear criteria and weighting systems agreed on beforehand. 4). Portfolios. Portfolios are collections of assignments and projects that students have done over long period of time. 119. Assessment criteria1). Criterion-referenced assessment标准考试Criterion-referenced language assessment is based on a fixed standard or a set criterion. 2). Norm-referenced assessment水平考试Norm-referenced assessment is designed to measure how the performance of a particular student or group of students compares with the performance of another student or group of students whose scores are given as the norm. 3). Individual-referenced assessment参摸考试Individual-referenced assessment is based on how well the learner is performing relative to his or her own previous performance, or relative to an estimate of his or her individual ability. Advantages Disadvantages Criterion-referenced Norm-referenced Individual-referenced120. Assessment principles:1) assess authentic use of language in reading, writing, speaking, and listening;2) assess literacy and language in a variety of contexts;3) assess the environment, the instruction, and the students;4) assess processes as well as products;6) analyze patterns of errors in language and literacy;7) be based on normal developmental patterns and behavior in language and literacy acquisition; 8) clarify and use standards when assessing reading, writing, and content knowledge;9) involve students and parents, as well as other personnel such as the ESL or main-stream teacher, in the assessment process;10) be an ongoing part of every day.121. Testing in assessment（Bellow are the most frequently used test formats）1). Questions and answers Students are asked to answer questions according to information provided in reading texts or recorded materials. 2). True or false questionsStudents are provided with a set of statements related to the read or heard texts and required to decide whether they are true or false according to the texts. 3). Multiple-choice questionsThis form can be used virtually for all language areas, such as reading, listening, vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation. 4). Gap-filling or completion Students are asked to complete paragraphs or sentences by either filling in words that they think are appropriate or choosing the best from the given choices The test goals can be of grammar, vocabulary or reading comprehension. 5). Matching questions Traditionally matching is only used for vocabulary tests, 6). DictationStudents write down exactly what is read to them. 7). Transformation Usually students are asked to transfer sentences from one pattern to another but keep the original meaning. 8). TranslationStudents are asked to