「比较政治的理论与研究」.doc

東吳大學政治學系碩士班 比較政治的理論與研究 授課進度表授課教師：黃秀端 .tw上課時間：星期三 上午9:30-12:30 September 2001 課程簡介：一本課程為碩士班比較政治領域核心課程希望藉此課程讓同學了解比較政治研究的基本關懷、中心問題、主要的研究途徑和理論。目前並無任何一種研究或典範足以涵蓋，或支配當代的比較政治研究，而是有許多彼此重疊、矛盾、對立、競爭的研究途徑的出現。因此，比較政治領域所涵蓋的範圍極為寬廣，本課程儘可能包括比較政治的過去與現在的發展、基本的理論及一些重要爭辯的主題。二、比較政治領域的範圍寬廣浩繁，本課程將偏重於基本理論的探討以及近 年來一些重要的課題。 1 基本理論：總體層次：現代化理論、依賴理論、國家中心理論、 中間層次：新制度論 個體層次： 理性抉擇、比較政治文化（it depends） 2 重要課題：政府形成、協商式民主、民主轉型、民主鞏固、憲政選擇。 課程要求： 一、課程將以討論方式進行，將由同學輪流報告報告同學必須準備書面大綱，報告應於上課的前一天中午12:00 E-mail給每一位師生；沒有報告同學，仍需閱讀required readings部分。每次口頭與書面報告的內容並由老師與同學綜合發問。報告和上課參與表現佔總成績30%。 二、期末考佔總成績30%。 三、每一位同學皆須撰寫一篇8000到一萬字的報告。這篇報告應具有進一步發展成碩士論文的可能性。題目由同學們根據自己的興趣選定，綜合性地批判與分析主要學者或論述的觀點與論證。報告的截止日期是一月三十日，佔總成績的40% 。 四、出席上課與討論是最基本之要求，無故缺席兩次以上者，請自行退選。 課程進度與閱讀書目：第一週9/26課程介紹第二週10/03 比較政治研究的過去、現在、與未來Verba, Sidney. 1991. Comparative Politics: Where Have We Been, Where Are We Going? in New Directions in Comparative Politics. Revised Edition Howard J. Wiarda (ed) Westview Press. Pp. 31-42. 2001年版很快就要出版Wiarda, Howard J. 1991. Toward the Future: Old and New Directions in Comparative Politics, in New Directions in Comparative Politics. Revised Edition, Howard J. Wiarda (ed) Westview Press. Pp. 221-250.Holt, Robert & John M. Richardson, Jr., 1970. Competing Paradigms in Comparative Politics, pp.21-74. In Robert T. Holt and John E. Turner. The Methodology of Comparative Research. The Free Press.Peters, Guy B. 1998. Comparative Politics: Theory and Methods. Macmillan. Chapter 5, The Role of Theory, pp.28-57.Levi, Margaret. “A Model, a Method, and a Map: Rational Choice in Comparative and Historical Analysis,” in Lichbach and Zuckerman (eds) Comparative Politics: Rationality, Culture, and Structure. (1997), Cambridge: pp.19-37.Ross, Marc Howard. “Culture and Identity in Comparative Political Analysis,”In Lichbach and Zuckerman (eds) Comparative Politics: Rationality, Culture,and Structure. (1997), Cambridge: pp.42-74.Katznelson, Ira. “Structure and Configuration in Comparative Politics,” in Lichbach and Zuckerman (eds) Comparative Politics: Rationality, Culture, and Structure. (1997), Cambridge: pp.81-107.Macridis, Roy C. and Bernard E. Brown. 1990. Comparative Analysis: Method and Concepts, in Comparative Politics: Notes and Readings Macridis and Brown (eds) Seventh Edition :1-17.Rogowski, Ronald. 1993. Comparative Politics, in Ada W. Finifter (ed)Political Science: The State of the Discipline II. APSA : 431-449.第三週10/10國慶日放假一天第四週10/17 比較政治的方法與邏輯 Holt, Robert & John E. Turner, 1970. The Methodology of Comparative Research, pp.1-20. In Robert T. Holt and John E. Turner. The Methodology of Comparative Research. The Free Press. Lijphart, Arend. 1971. “Comparative Politics and the Comparative Method”, American Political Science Review 65 (September): 682-693. Dogan, Mattei & Ali Kazancigil. 1994. “Introduction,” pp.1-13. in M. Dogan & A. Kazancigil (eds.) Comparing Nations. Giovanni Sartori, 1970. “Concept Misformation in Comparative Politics”, American Political Science Review 64 (December): 1033-1053. Peters, Guy B. 1998. Comparative Politics: Thoery and Methods. Macmillan. Chapter 2, the Logic of Comparison, pp.28-57. Mackie, Tom and David Marh. 1995. The Comparative Method, pp.173-188. In David Marh and Gerry Stoker. Theory and Methods in Political Science. Macmillan.Peters, Guy B. 1998. Comparative Politics: Thoery and Methods. Macmillan. Chapter 1, the Importance of Comparison, pp.1-27. 比較政治的基本理論 (I) 總體層次第五週10/24現代化與發展（Modernization and Development）Gabriel A. Almond. 1960. “A Functional Approach to Comparative Politics,” in Almond and Coleman (eds) The Politics of The Developing Area. pp3-64.Samuel P. Huntington. 1968. Political Order in Changing Societies. 1-92.Leonard Binder. 1971. The Crises of Political Development, in Binder et al., (eds) Crises and Sequences in Political Development. 3-73. Karl W. Deutsch. 1960. Social Mobilization and Political Development, APSR 55,3: 493-514.Rostow, W. W. 1960. The Stages of Economic Growth. 1-92.Lucian W. Pye. 1965. The Concept of Political Development, in Finkle & Gable (eds) Political Development and Social Change. Pp.43-51.Mark Kesselman. 1973. Order or Movement: The Literature of Political development as Ideology, World Politics 26, 1: 139-54. Gabriel A. Almond. 1965. A Developmental Approach to Political Systems, World Politics 17: 183-214.Robert A. Packenham. 1973. Liberal America and the Third World. 287-310. 比較政治的基本理論 (I) 總體層次第六週 10/31發展、平等、與參與（Development、Equality、and Participation）Berger, Peter L. Pyramid of Sacrifice: Political Ethic and of Social Change. Anchor Books, chap. 1,2,5,6.Huntington, Samuel P. and Hoan M. Nelson. 1976. No Easy Choice: Political Participation in Developing Countries. Harvard University Press. Ch. 1-3.Inkeles, Alex. 1969. “Participant Citizenship in Six Developing Countries.” American Political Science Reivew 63 (December ): 1120-1141.Heeger, Gerald A. 1974. The Politics of Undredevelopment. St. Martin. P.1-74.David C. McClelland. The Achievement Motive in Economic Growth. 141-157.Alex Inkeles and David H. Smith. 1973. Becoming Modern. 159-166.Lawrence E. Harrison. 1985. Underdevelopment is a State of Mind 173-180.Suzanne Bodenheimer. 1970. The Ideology of Developmentalism, Berkerly Journal of Sociology. 95-137. 比較政治的基本理論 (III) 總體層次第七週11/07對發展理論的批判：依賴論與世界體系分析Theotonio Dos Santos. 1970. The Structure of Dependence, American Economic Review 60: 231-236.Fernando H. Cardoso and Enzo Faletto. 1979. Dependency and Development in Latin America, pp. 1-28.Immannuel Wallerstein. 1979. The Capitalist World-Economy. 1-36.Chilcote, Ronald H. 1994. 2nd edition. Theories of Comparative Politics: The Search for a Paradigm Reconsidered. Westview Press, ch. 7 (p.215-283).Andre G. Frank. 1966. Latin America: Underdevelopment or Revolution. Pp.3-17.Gabriel Palma.1978. Dependency Theory: A Formal Theory of Underdevelopment or A Methodology for the Analysis of Concrete Situations of Underdevelopment? World Development 6: 881-924.Peter Evans. 1979. Dependent Development: the Alliance of Multinational, State, and Local Capital in Brazil. Pp.274-329.Gold, Thomas. 1986. State and Society in the Taiwan Miracle.Gary Gereffi. 1983. The Pharmaceutical Industry and Dependency in the Third World. Bendix, Reinhard. 1977. “Tradition and Modernity Reconsidered,” in Nation-Building and Citizenship. pp.361-435.Gabriel A. Almond. 1987. The Development of Political Development, in Weiner & Huntington (ed) Understanding Political Development. Pp.437-491.Peter Evans. 1985. After Dependency: Recent Studies of Class, State, and Industrialization, Latin American Research Review 20,2: 149-160.J. Samuel Valenzuela & Arturo Valenzuela. 1978. Modernization and Dependency: Alternative Perspectives in the Study of Latin American Underdevelopment, Comparative Politics 10: 535-557.Daniel H. Levine. 1988. Paradigm Lost: Dependence to Democracy, World Politics 40: 377-394.David E. Apter. 1987. Rethinking Development. Pp. 12-52.Tony Smith. 1985. Requiem or New Agenda for Third World Studies, World Politics 37: 532-561.第八週11/14國家中心論（The State-Centric Perspective）Theda Skocpol. 1985. Bringing the State Back In, in Evans, Rueschemeyer and Skocpol (eds) Bringing the State Back In.pp 3-37. Mitchell, Timothy. 1991. The Limits of the State: Beyond Statist Approaches and their Critics. APSR 85-1 (March):77-96.Eric A. Nordlinger. 1987. Taking the State Seriously, in Weiner & Huntington (eds) Understanding Political Development. 353-390.Joel S. Migdal. 1987. Strong States, Weak States: Power and Accommodation, in Weiner & Huntington (eds) Understanding Political Development. 391-434.Dietrich Rueschemeyer & Peter B. Evans. 1985. The State and Economic Transformation, in Evans et al., (ed) Bringing the State Back In : 44-77.Evans, Rueschemeyer and Skocpol. 1985. On the Road toward a More Adequate Understanding of the State, in Evans, Rueschemeyer and Skocpol (eds) Bringing the State Back In. 347-365. Alfred Stepan. 1978. The State and Society: Peru in Comparative Perspective. p. 3-45.Bob Jessop. 1990. State Theory: Putting Capitalist States in Their Place. The Penesylvania State University Press.Stephen Krasner. 1984. Approaches to the State: Alternative Conceptionsand Historical Dynamics, Comparative Politics 16:223-246.Eric Nordlinger, Theodore Lowi and Sergio Fabbrini. 1988. The Return to the State: Critiques, APSR 82,3: 875-901.Nora Hamilton. 1982. The Limits of State Autonomy: Post-Revolutionary Mexico.Thomas M. Callaghy. 1984. The State-Society Struggle: Zaire in Comparative Perspective. P. 81-110.Naomi Chazan. 1988. State and Society in Africa: Images and Challenges, in Rothchild & Chazan (ed) The Precarious Balance. 325-341.Thomas M.Callaghy. 1988. The State and the Development of Capitalism in Africa: Theoretical, Historical, and Comparative Reflections, in Rothchild & Chazan (ed) The Precarious Balance. 121-148.Migdal, Joel S. 1994. “The State in Society: An Approach to Struggles for Domination,” in Joel Migdal, Atul Kohli and Vivienne Shue. State Power and Social Forces: Domination and Transformation in the Third World. pp.7-34.Vivienne Shue. 1994. “State power and Social Organization in China,” in Joel Migdal, Atul Kohli and Vivienne Shue.State Power and Social Forces: Domination and Transformation in the Third World. pp.65-85. 第九週11/21中間層次理論(Meso-theory) - 新制度論 (New Institutionalism) Peters, B. Guy. 1999. Institutional Theory in Political Science：The New Institutionalism. London: Pinter. Chapter 1-4. Ellen Immergut, 1998. “The Theoretical Core of the New Institutionalism”, Politics and Society, 26-1 ( March): 5-34. Peter Hall & Rosemary Taylor, 1996. “Political Science and the Three New Institutionalisms”, Political Studies 44 (5): 936-57. James March & Johan Olsen, 1984. “The New Institutionalism: Organizational Factors in Political Life”, American Political Science Review 78(3): 734-749. James March & Johan Olsen, 1989. Rediscovering Institutions. New York: Free Press. Powell, Walter W. & Paul DiMaggio (eds.), 1991. The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis. University of Chicago Press. Sven Steinmo, Kathleen Thelen & Frank Longstreth (eds.), 1992. Structuring Politics: Historical Institutionalism in Comparative Perspective. Cambridge. Sshweers, Karen Cook and Margaret Levi, eds, 1990. The Limits of Rationality. University of Chicago Press. Gunnar Grendstad & Per Selle, 1995. “Cultural Theory and the New Istitutionalism”, Journal of Theoretical Politics 7 (1): 5-27. 第十週 11/28比較政治文化（Comparative Political Cultutre） Diamond, Larry. 1993. Introduction: Political Culture and Democracy, pp. 1-33. In Political Culture and Democracy in Democracy in Developing Countries. Lynne Rienner. Almond, Gabriel A. and Sidney Verba, 1963. The Civic Culture. Princeton University Press, chapter 1, p.3-42. Lijphart, Arend. 1980. The Structure of Inference, pp. 37-56. Edited by Almond, Gabriel A. and Sidney Verba, The Civic Culture Revisited. Inglehart, Ronald. 1997. Modernization and Postmodernization: Cultural, Economic, and Political Change in 43 Societies. Princeton University Press, chap. 6 and 7. Seligson, Mitchell A. and John A. Booth. 1993. “Political Culture and Regime Type: Evidence from Nicaragua and Costa Rica.” The Journal of Politics 55-3 (August):777-792. Frey, Fredrick W, 1970. Cross-Cultural Survey Research in Political Science, pp.173-294. In Robert T. Holt and John E. Turner. The Methodology of Comparative Research. The Free Press. Inglehart, Ronald. 1990. Cultural Shifts in Advanced Industrial Society. Princeton University Press. Lane, Ruth. 1992. Political Culture: Residual Category or General Theory? Comparative Political Studies 25-3 (October):362-387. Chilcote, Ronald H. 1994. 2nd edition. Theories of Comparative Politics: The Search for a Paradigm Reconsidered. Westview Press, ch. 6 (p.177-214).Putman, Robert D. 1973. Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton: Princeton University Press.第十一週 12/05 個體層次理論 - 理性抉擇(Rational Choice) Tsebelis,George 1990. Nested Game: Rational Choice in Comparative Politics. Chap. 1. Nested Games and Rationality, 1-17. Chap. 2. In Defense of the Rational-Choice Approach, 18-47. Green, Donald & Ian Shapiro, 1994. Pathologies of Rational Choice Theory. New Haven: Yale University Press. In Chap. 3. Methodological Pathologies, p.33-46. Chap. 5. Social Dilemmas and Free-Riding, p.72-97. Downs, Anthony. 1957. An Economic Theory of Democracy. Olson, Mancur. 1971. The Logic of Collective Action. 集體行動的邏輯 第十二週12/12 民主轉刑型 （ Democratic Transition ） ODonnell, Guillermo and Philippe C. Schmitter. 1986. Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies, in Transitions from Authoritarian Rule, Vol. IV: 3-72. Rueschemeyer, D., Evelyne H. Stephens, and John D. Stephens. 1992. Capitalist Development and Democracy. Chicago. Pp.1-75. Linz, Juan & Alfred Stepan, 1996. Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation.Chap.1. Democracy and Its Arenas,p.3-15. Chap.2. “Stateness”, Nationalism, and Democratization, p.16-37. Przeworski, Adam. 1986. “Some Problems in the Study of the Transition to Democracy.” in P. Schmitter, G. ODonnell & L. Whitehead (eds.) Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Prospects for Democracy, p. 47-63. Rustow, Dankwart Transitions to democracy, Comparative Politics (April, 1970): 337-366. Dahl, Robert. 1971 Polyarchy: Participation and Opposition. Chaps. 1, 2, 3. Levine, Daniel H. 1988. Paradigm Lost: Dependence to Democracy, World Politics 40: 377-394. Terry Karl. 1986. Petroleum and Political Pacts: the Transition to Democracy, in Transitions from Authoritarian Rule. Vol.II: 196-220. Stepan, Alfred. 1986. Paths toward Redemocratization: Theoretical and Comparative Considerations, in Transitions from Authoritarian Rule, Vol. III: 64-84. Przeworski, Adam. 1992. Democracy and the Market. Cambridge. ODonnell, Guillermo. 1979. Tensions in the Bureaucratic-Authoritarian State and the Question of Democracy, in David Collier (ed) The New Authoritarianism in Latin America , pp.285-318. Huntington, Samuel P. Huntington. 1984. Will More Countries Become Democratic? Political Science Quarterly 99,2: 193-218. Huntington, Samuel P. 1991. How Countries Democratize? Political Science Quarterly 106,4: 579-616. Almond, Gabriel A. Scott C. Flanagan, and Robert J.Mundt. (eds) 1973. Crisis, Choice, and Change: Historical Studies of Political Development. Kurth, James R. 1979. Industrial Change and Political Change, in David Collier (ed) The New Authoritarianism in Latin America, pp.319-362. Jackson, Karl D. 1989. The Philippines: The Search for a Suitable Democratic Solution, 1946-1986, in Larry Diamond et al., (ed) Democracy in Developing Countries: Asia. Pp.231-265. 第十三週12/19 民主鞏固( Democratic Consolidation) Linz, Juan J. & Alfred Stepan. 1996. Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation. pp. 38-83.Huntington, Samuel P. 1997. “Democracy for Long Haul,” pp. 3-13. in Larry Diamond et al. Consolidating the Third Wave Democracies. Westview.Dahl, Robert, 1997. “Development and Democratic Culture.” pp. 34-39. in Larry Diamond et al. Consolidating the Third Wave Democracies. Westview.ODonnell, Guilermo. 1994. “Illusions about Consolidation.” pp. 40-57. in Larry Diamond et al. Consolidating the Third Wave Democracies. Westview.Schedler, Andreas. 1998. “What is Democratic Consolidation?” Journal of Democracy (April):85-107.Higley, John, Tong-yi Huang, and Tse-min Lin. 1998. “Elite Settlements in Taiwan.” Journal of Democracy 9-2 (April). 游盈隆主編。1997。民主鞏固或崩潰：台灣二十一世紀的挑戰。台北：月旦出版社。 第十四週 12/26憲政體制的選擇（constitutional choice） Linz, Linz. 1994. Presidential or Parliamentary Democracy: Does It Make A Difference?, in The Failure Of Presidential Democracy, Volume 1, edited by Linz and Valenzuela, pp, 3-87. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins. Debate: Presidents vs. Parliaments, Journal Of Democracy Vol. 1-4 (1990): 73-91. Donald L. Horowitz, “Comparing Democratic Systems.” Seymour M. Lipset, “The Centrality of Political Culture.” Juan Linz, “The Virtue of Parliamentarism.” Lijphart, Arend. 1994. Democratization and Constitutional Choices in Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland, 1989-1991, pp.202-217. In Developing Democracy. Budge and Mckay (eds). London: Sage. Sartori, Giovanni, 1997. Comparative Constitutional Engineering. 2nd edition. N