高一英语定语从句.doc

高一英语（四） 语法：定语从句1. 先行词：被修饰的名词、代词或句子2. 关系词: 1) 连接主从句 2） 指代先行词 3）在从句中充当一个成分关系词指代在定语从句中充当的成分who人主语或宾语（不能放在介词后）whom人宾语which物或一个句子主语或宾语that人或物主语或宾语whose人或物定语when时间状语where地点状语why原因状语注意： 1） what 不引导定语从句 2） 在定语从句中作宾语是，关系代词可省略 3） 作表语时不用which,要用that，且不能省略。 4) 插入语不算从句成分eg. 1) I loved the lessons_she gave in English Literature. 2) It is no longer the small town_ it used to be. 3）We will have a two-week holiday,_ I think is a good time for a trip to Hong Kong. 4) He often helps the students _ they think / say are not quick at their studies.3. that / which 的区别 只用that 的情况：1） 先行词为all, little, much, everything, nothing, something, anything 等不定代词2） 先行词被all, little, much, every, no, any等修饰3） 先行词被序数词、形容词最高级, the last, the very, the only,等修饰4） 先行词既有人又有物5） 若主句中又疑问代词who 或which时, 为避免重复，关系代词不再用who, which, 而用that6） 先行词作表语时一般也用that, 不用which, who. 只用which的情况：1) 非限制性定语从句2) 直接跟在介词后 those who , he who eg. Id like to call the lady _(call) Miss White.A. called B. calling herself C. who/ whom / that we call D. all the above4. 从句的谓语要与先行词一致Shes the only one among the women writers _(write) comic stories.Shes one of the women writers _(write) comic stories.5. 主句不完整，从句中要加 the oneIs this museum _ they visited?Is this the museum _ they visited?6. 当先行词是the way 时This is the way _ he thought of to make money.This is the way _ he made money.7. all that = what8. as 作为关系代词 （在从句中必须作主语或宾语）1） 固定搭配： the same . as / that. such.as soas.eg. He is reading the same book _ I read yesterday.He is reading the same book _ I read yesterday.This is such a heavy stone _ nobody can lift.This is such a heavy stone _ nobody can lift it.2) as 引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句 He is right, as we know. As we know, he is right. The earth, as we know, is round.9. 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句1） 指事物用介词+which，指人用介词+ whom2） 关系代词紧跟介词后时，不能用that,关系词也不能省略3） 该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾4） 但是固定词组时，介词一般紧跟从句主体，不前置 The man _ I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University. The man _ I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University. Is this the book _ you are looking for?Exercise 1一、画出下列各句中的关系代词或关系副词，并判断它们在定语从句中充当的成分1. Do you have anything in mind that youd like for supper?2. The terrible accident happened near the gym where I do exercise every day.3. Can you see the dormitory whose window is broken?4. We learned a lot from the teacher who worked in the science laboratory.5. The film brought the hours back to me when I lived a happy life in that faraway village.6. Peter doesnt seem to be the man that he was ten years ago.7. The article shows the reason why people think some colours are warm and others are cool.8. On the border between England and Wales, there is a tower which has become a bookshop.二、用适当的关系代词填空1. The team players _ are wearing green have won the game.2. This is the professor _ taught me Chemistry in 1980.3. The hospital _ was built five years ago has been one of the biggest hospitals in the city.4. This is the boy _ father died three years ago.5. This is the most interesting film _ we have ever seen.6. Do you know the student _ was praised at the meeting.7. Those _ want to go to the computer room, write _(their / your) names here.8. Who is the person _ is standing at the gate?9. He talked about the teachers and schools _ he had visited.10. In the forest we observed some trees _ leaves were black with disease.三、单项填空.1. The most important thing _ we should consider is the first idea _ he has mentioned in the speech. A. why; that B. when; which C. which; what D. that; that2. They believe that everybody has a spirit _ will leave the body three days after the persons death. A. who B. that C. whom D. it3. One of the most important questions _ people want to answer is how to keep the present economic growth without causing damage to the environment. A. when B. where C. that D. why4. The exciting day all the American basketball fans looked forward to _ at last. A. coming B. came C. come D. be coming5. The boy from that poor family never tried anything _ was so delicious, so he carefully took one for his mum. A. what B. as C. who D. that6. -Whom would you like to talk with at the end of the lecture? -The lady _ Miss White. A. called herself B. we call C. being called herself D. is called7. This is the very plan for the summer holidays _ will be suggested by his cousin. A. what B that C. / D. it8. Do you still remember the name of the factory _ we visited last month? A. where B. what C. which D. when9. She is the only one among the women writers_ comic books for children. A. whom writes B. whom write C. who writes D. who write10. The mobile phone _ last Saturday is made in Korea. A. which I bought it B. I bought it C. I bought D. what I bought11. It was reported _ a heartfelt thank you was all _ he said after winning the difficult game. A. that; what B. that; that C. which; what D. which; which12. I live in the room _ window faces the park. A. whose B. which C. its D. that13. The teacher _ taught me when I was a child is _ I am going to visit. A. whom; where B. who; which C. who; the one D. that; which14. Is this museum _ some German friends visited last Wednesday? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one15. He has lost the key to the drawer _ the papers are kept. A. where B. that C. whose D. which16. He often helps the students _ he thinks are not quick at their studies. A. whom B. who C. when D. which17. I will hire the man _ they say is a good English speaker. A. who B. he C. which D. whom18. She is one of the few girls who _ passed the examination. A. was B. were C. has D. have19. We are living in an age _ many things are done on the computer. A. which B. that C. whose D. when20. I work in a business _ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. A. how B. which C. where D. that21. There was _ time _ I hated to go to school. A. a; that B. a; when C. the; that D. the; when22. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which23. If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop. A. that B. which C. when D. where24. The prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination. A. that B. which C. whose D. what真题再现 1. I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, _my classmates recommended to me. A. who B. which C. when D. where 2. I didnt become a serious climber until the fifth grade,_ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree. A. when B. where C. which D. why 3. A company _profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. A. which B. whose C. who D. why 4. Students should involve themselves in community activities _they can gain experience for growth. A. who B. when C. which D. where 5. The exact year _Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. A. when B. where C. why D. which 6. Well reach the sales targets in a month_ we set at the beginning of the year. A. which B. where C. when D. what 7. Please send us all the information _you have about the candidate for the position. A. that B. which C. as D. that 8. Happiness and success often come to those _are good at recognizing their own strengths. A. whom B. who C. what D. which 9.You cant judge a book by its cover,_. A. as the saying goes old B. goes as the old saying C. as the old saying goes D. goes as old the saying 10. When I arrived, Byran took me to see the house_ I would be staying. A. what B. when C. where D. which 11. Many countries are now setting up national parks _animals and plants can be protected. A. when B. which C. whose D. where 12. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _ are family members. A. them B. that C. which D. whom 13.The children, _had played the whole day long, were worn out. A .all of what B. all of which C. all of them D .all of whom 14. He wrote a letter_ he explained what had happened in the accident. A. what B. which C. where D. how 15. There is no simple answer, _is often the case in science. A. as B. that C. when D. where 16.Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 2012, _made one of the Chinese peoples long-held dreams come true. A. it B. that C. what D. which 17. Care of the soul is a gradual process _even the small details of life should be considered. A. what B. in what C. which D. in which 18. That evening,_ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. A. that B. which C. what D. when 19. We live in an age _more information is available with greater ease than ever before. A. why B. when C. to whom D. on which 20. Sales director is a position _communication ability is just as important as sales skills. A. which B. that C. when D. where 21. Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of _