2014年高考大纲全国卷英语真题(带解析).doc

题目：- Im sorry for breaking the cup.- Oh, _ -Ive got plenty.选项：Aforget itBmy pleasureChelp yourselfDpardon me答案：A解析过程：句意:-很抱歉我把玻璃杯打碎了.-算了,我还有很多. Aforget it :算了,别提了; Bmy pleasure: 别客气,用来回答谢谢;Chelp yourself: 请随便用;Dpardon me:原谅我.根据句意A符合语境,故答案选A。考点定位：情景交际题目：Unless extra money_, the theatre will close.选项：Awas foundBfindsCis foundDfound答案：C解析过程：句意：除非发现额外的资金，否则剧院就会关门。资金应该是被发现,因此在AC中选择。根据主句中will 可知从句用一般现在时，主将从现。故答案选C。考点定位：被动语态题目：Today there are more airplanes _ more people than ever before in the skies.选项：AcarryBcarryingCcarriedDto be carrying答案：B解析过程：根据分析句子成分可知carry 修饰airplane做后置定语，且表示主动关系，因此使用现在分词。故答案选B。考点定位：非谓语动词题目：Exactly _ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.选项：AwhetherBwhyCwhenDhow答案：C解析过程：根据but后面“大概是在1565年左右”，可知but前面想表达时间“土豆是什么时候引进到欧洲的还不确定”，故答案选C。考点定位：状语从句题目：- Whos that at the door?- _ is the milkman.选项：AHeBItCThisDThat答案：B解析过程：当性别不明的时候用it,故答案选B。考点定位：代词题目：_ the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.选项：ANot do onlyBDo not onlyCOnly not doDNot only do答案：D解析过程：not only.but also:不但而且，当not only 位于句首，从句使用半倒装，故答案选D。本句话句意：护士不仅要求增加工资，还要求减少工作时间。考点定位：倒装题目：Raymonds parents wanted him to have _ possible education.选项：AgoodBbetterCbestDthe best答案：D解析过程：Raymond的父母想让他接受最好的教育，根据语境使用形容词最高级，故答案选D。考点定位：形容词题目：I think Mrs. Stark could be _ between 50 and 60 years of age.选项：AanywhereBanybodyCanyhowDanything答案：A解析过程：句意：Mrs. Stark的年龄在50岁和60岁之间。根据语境应该是在50岁和60岁之间的任何地方，故答案选A。考点定位：副词题目：September 30 is the day _ which you must pay your bill.选项：AbyBforCwithDin答案：A解析过程：句意：到九月30号，你必须要支付账单了。通过分析句子成分可知the day 是先行词，到为止使用介词by ,故答案选A。考点定位：介词题目：Although you _ find bargains in London, its not generally a cheap place to shop.选项：AshouldBneedCmustDcan答案：D解析过程：虽然在伦敦能够找到便宜货，但是一般说来它不是一个购物便宜的地方。根据语境can符合题意，故答案选D。考点定位：情态动词题目：Caroline doesnt have a gift for music, but she _ it with hard work.选项：Agoes back onBtakes away fromCmakes up forDcatches up with答案：C解析过程：A. goes back on：违背，背叛，丢弃；B. takes away from：拿走； C. makes up for：弥补；D. catches up with：赶上，抓住。本句话意思是“Caroline没有音乐天赋，但她通过努力学习来弥补这一缺陷。故答案选D。考点定位：动词短语题目：The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody _ them since.选项：AseesBsawChas seenDhad seen答案：C解析过程：根据句意可知在2012年报告不见了，自从那是起，没有人再见过它。since是现在完成时的时间标志，故答案选C。考点定位：时态题目：_ me tomorrow and Ill let you know the lab result.选项：ACallingBCallCTo callDHaving called答案：B解析过程：根据分析句子成分可知and 连接的是并列的两句话，前面一句是祈使句，故答案选B。考点定位：祈使句题目：Henry was away from home for quite a bit and _ saw his family.选项：AfrequentlyBseldomCalwaysDusually答案：B解析过程：根据was away from home和and可知本句话要表达Henry离家比较远很少去看家人。故答案选B。考点定位：副词题目：- What did you do last weekend?- Nothing _.选项：AmuchBelseCeverDyet答案：A解析过程：根据句意-你上周周末做什么了？-没什么。nothing much:没什么；else:其它；ever:曾经；故答案选A。考点定位：副词题目：Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains. They reached the top _1 _, but on their way back conditions were very _2_. Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew that if Simon _3_ alone, he would probably get back _4_. But Simon decided to risk his _5_ and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope（绳）.As they _6_ down, the weather got worse. Then another _7_ occurred.They couldnt see or hear each other and, _8_, Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice（峭壁）. It was _9_ for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joes _10_ was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice. _11_, after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold, Simon had to _12_. In tears, he cut the rope. Joe _13_ into a large crevasse（裂缝）in the ice below. He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain. He couldnt walk, but he _14_ to get out of the crevasse and started to _15_ towards their camp, nearly ten kilometers _16_.Simon had _17_ the camp at the foot of the mountain. He thought that Joe must be _18_, but he didnt want to leave _19_. Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joes voice. He couldnt _20_ it. Joe was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive.1AhurriedlyBcarefullyCsuccessfullyDearly2AdifficultBsimilarCspecialDnormal3AclimbedBworkedCrestedDcontinued4AunwillinglyBsafelyCslowlyDregretfully5AfortuneBtimeChealthDlife6AlayBsettledCwentDlooked7AdamageBstormCchangeDtrouble8Aby mistakeBby chanceCby choiceDby luck9AunnecessaryBpracticalCimportantDimpossible10AheightBweightCstrengthDequipment11AFinallyBPatientlyCSurelyDQuickly12Astand backBtake a restCmake a decisionDhold on13AjumpedBfellCescapedDbacked14AmanagedBplannedCwaitedDhoped15ArunBskateCmoveDmarch16AaroundBawayCaboveDalong17Aheaded forBtravelledCleft forDreturned to18AdeadBhurtCweakDlate19AsecretlyBtiredlyCimmediatelyDanxiously20AfindBbelieveCmakeDaccept答案：1-5CADBD6-10CDADB11-15ACBAC16-20BDACB解析过程：1.根据第一句话可知Joe Simpson and Simon Yates是先登上Siula Grande山峰的人，因此本句话指他们成功的到达了山顶，故答案选C。考点定位:考查副词2.根据前一句他们成功地到达了山顶，和后一句Joe摔伤了腿可知A. difficult 符合语境，回来的时候情况很困难，故答案选A。考点定位:考查形容词3.本道题因为汉语思维的影响，考生容易误选A.climb, 这里应该是如果Simon自己前行。故答案选D。考点定位:考查动词4.根据常识可知Simon没有受伤，如果自己走，会安全地回来，故答案选B。考点定位:考查副词5.risk his life:冒着生命的危险。根据上下文可知Simon 决定冒险和Joe一起走，故答案选D。考点定位:考查名词6.根据上下文可知他们在下山，句意：当他们下山的时候，天气变得更坏了，故答案选C。考点定位:考查动词7.根据上下文可知又一个麻烦发生了，因为天气不好，他们看不清，听不到。Simon把Joe弄到了峭壁上。A. damage:损害，损失。故答案选D。考点定位:考查名词8.by mistake :错误地；by chance :碰巧。根据上下文可知本句话句意是因为天气不好，他们看不清，听不到。Simon错误地把Joe弄到了峭壁上。故答案选A。考点定位:考查介词短语9.Joe爬回来和Simon把他拉上来，都不可能。故答案选D。考点定位:考查形容词10.因为是把Simon往下拉，可知是Joe的体重，故答案选B。考点定位:考查名词11.根据后文可知，最后他做了一个决定，故答案选A。考点定位:考查副词12.根据后一句In tears, he cut the rope.可知是做了一个决定，故答案选C。考点定位:考查动词短语13.根据语境割开绳子之后，Joe掉到了一个裂缝里。故答案选B。考点定位:考查动词14.manage to do :设法成功做成某事，根据but和towards their camp可知Joe成功的爬出了裂缝。故答案选A。考点定位:考查动词15.因为Joe不能走，所以只能移动，故答案选C。考点定位:考查动词16.本句话指距离，故用away,因此答案选B。考点定位:考查介词17.根据语境可知Simon回到了宿营地，故答案选D。考点定位:考查动词短语18.根据语境可知Simon认为Joe一定是死了，故答案选A。考点定位:考查形容词19.根据后一句three days later,可知Simon没有立刻离开,故答案选C。考点定位:考查副词20.根据上下文可知他不能相信，Joe回来了，仍然活着。故答案选B。考点定位:考查名词题目：Arriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport（护照）.He reported the case to the police and then sat there, lost and lonely in strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one.Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husbands name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can（垃圾桶）that had been left out on the footpath.My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents（文件）. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents. At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people. We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way.1What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney?AGo shoppingBFind a houseCJoin his familyDTake his family2The girls parents got Rashids phone number from_.Aa friend of his familyBa Sydney policemanCa letter in his papersDa stranger in Sydney3What does the underlined word “restored” in the last paragraph mean?AShowedBSent outCDeliveredDGave back4Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AFrom India to Australia.BLiving in a New Country.CTurning Trash to Treasure.DIn Search of New Friends.答案：1B2C3B4C解析过程：1.根据第一段中Rashid, stayedina hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.可知答案选B。考点定位:细节理解2.根据倒数第二段中At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.可知答案选C。考点定位:细节理解3.根据上下文可知他们不仅将重要的文件还给了我，也让我重新对人有了信任感。他们捡到了我的东西，应该是归还（give back）,故答案选D。考点定位:猜测词义4.他们从垃圾箱捡到了我的文件，但这些文件对我来说很重要，这一家人将已经是“trash”的东西还给我，C选项可以概括这一过程。故答案选C。考点定位:文章标题题目：Since the first Earth Day in 1970, Americans have gotten a lot “greener” toward the environment（环境）. “We didnt know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,” says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement. Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement.“The understanding has increased many, many times,” says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first Earth Day. According to US government reports, emissions（排放）from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 tons .The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9 .Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with , the world is a safer and healthier place .A kind of “Green thinking ” has become part of practices .Great improvement has been achieved .In 1988 there were only 600 recycling（回收利用）programs; today in 1995 there are about 6,600 .Advanced lights ,motors , and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution .Twenty five years ago , there were hardly any education programs for environment .Today , its hard to find a public school , university , or law school that does not have such a kind of program .” Until we do that, nothing else will change! ” say Bruce Anderson.1According to Anderson, before 1970, Americans had little idea about _Athe social movementBrecycling techniquesCenvironmental problemsDthe importance of Earth Day2Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?AThe grass roots levelBThe business circleCGovernment officialsDUniversity professors3What have Americans achieved in environmental protection?AThey have cut car emissions to the lowestBThey have settled their environmental problemsCThey have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.DThey have reduced pollution through effective measures.4What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph?AEducationBPlanningCGreen livingDCO reduction答案：1C2A3D4A解析过程：1.根据第一段中We didnt know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,那个时候我们不知道有环境，更不知道它有问题，故答案选C。考点定位: 细节理解2.根据第二段中Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement.特别是草根阶层，故答案选A。考点定位: 细节理解3.根据倒数第二段可知我们采取了很多措施取得了很大的成就。因此D正确。A选项中to the lowest 文章没有提到；B选项提到已经解决了环境问题不正确，只是取得了一些成绩，并没有完全解决。C选项中in forty cities 不正确，应该是从40个减少到9个。故答案选D。考点定位: 细节理解4.通读最后一段可知，25年前，我们没有任何关于环境教育的项目，现在环境教育无处不在，故答案选A。考点定位:主旨大意题目：One of the latest trend（趋势） in American Childcare is Chinese au pairs. Au Pair in Stamford, for example, has got increasing numbers of request for Chinese au pairs from aero to around 4,000 since 2004. And thats true all across the country.“I thought it would be useful for him to learn Chinese at an early age” Joseph Stocke, the managing director of a company, says of his 2-year old son. “I would at least like to give him the chance to use the language in the future,” After only six months of being cared by 25-year-old woman from China, the boy can already understand basic Chinese daily expressions, his dad says. Li Drake, a Chinese native raising two children in Minnesota with an American husband, had another reason for looking for an au pair from China.She didnt want her children to miss out on their roots.”Because I am Chinese, my husband and I wanted the children to keep exposed to(接触) the language and culture（文化）.”she says.“Staying with a native speaker is better for children than simply sitting in a classroom,” says Suzanne Flynn, a professor in language education of Children.” But parents must understand that just one year with au pair is unlikely to produce wonders. Complete mastery demands continued learning until the age of 10 or 12.”The popularity of au pairs from China has been strengthened by the increasing numbers of American parents who want their children who want their children to learn Chinese. It is expected that American demand for au pairs will continue to rise in the next few years.1What does that term” au pair” in the text mean?AA mother raising her children on her ownBA child learning a foreign language at homeCA professor in language education of childrenDA young foreign woman taking care of children.2Li Drake has her children study Chinese because she wants them _.Ato live in China some dayBto speak the language at homeCto catch up with other childrenDto learn about the Chinese culture3How can children learn a foreign language best according to Flynn？AFrom their parentsBBy attending classesCFrom a native speakerDBy starting at an early age4What can we infer from the text?ALearning Chinese is becoming popular In AmericaBEducated woman do better in looking after childrenCChinese au pairs need to improve their English Skills.DChildren can learn a foreign language well in six months.答案：1B2D3C4A解析过程：1.根据第一段中One of the latest trend（趋势） in American Childcare is Chinese au pairs.和第二段中After only six months of being cared by 25-year-old woman from China, the boy can already understand basic Chinese daily expressions, his dad says.可知“au pair”指的是年轻的照顾孩子的女士，故答案选D。考点定位:猜测词义2.根据第三段Because I am Chinese, my husband and I wanted the children to keep exposed to(接触) the language and culture.可知答案选D。考点定位: 细节理解3.根据倒数第二段第一句可知Flynn认为和“native speaker”在一起学语言，要比做在教室里要强。故答案选C。考点定位：考查细节理解4.通读全文可知美国人寻找中国年轻保姆的趋势在上升，并解释了其中的原因希望自己的孩子能够学习汉语，故答案选A。考点定位: 细节理解题目：Metro Pocket GuideMetrorail(地铁)Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out. Up to two children under ago five may travel free with a paying customer.Farecard machine are in every station, Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the station and farecard machine only provide up to $ 5 in change.Get one of unlimited Metrorail rides with a One Day Pass. Buy it from a farecard machine in Metro stations. Use it after 9:30 a.m. until closing on weekdays, and all day on weekends and holidays.Hours of ServiceOpen: 5 a.m MonFri 7a.m. SatSun.Close: midnight SunThur. 3a.m. FriSat. nightsLast train time vary. To avoid (避免) missing the last train, please check the last train time posted in the station.MetrobusWhen paying with exact change, the fare is $ 1.35.when paying with a SmatTrip CARD the fare is $1.25Fares for the Senior /disabled customersSenior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare. On Metrorail and Metrobus, use a senior/disabled farecard or SmarTrip card.For more information about buying senior/disabled farecards, or SmarTrip cards and passes, please visit MetroOpenD or call 202-637-7000 and 202-637-8000.Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorail services by calling 202-962-1100Travel tipsAvoid riding during weekday rush periods before 9:30 a.m. and between 4 and 6 p.m.If you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call Lost & Found at 202-962-1195.1What should you know about farecard machines?AThey start selling tickets at 9:30 a.mBThey are connected to change machinesCThey offer special service to the elderlyDThey make change for no more than $5. 2At what time does Metrorail stop service on Saturday?AAt midnightBat 3 a.mCat 5 a.mDat 7 p.m.3What is good about a SmarTrip card?AIt is convenient for old peopleBIt saves money for its usersCit can be bought at any timeDit is sold on the Internet.4Which number should you call if you lose something on the Metro?A202-962-1195B202-962-1100C202-673-7000D202-673-8000答案：1D2B3B4A解析过程：1.根据Metrorail(地铁)部分Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the station and farecard machine only provide up to $ 5 in change.可知答案选D。考点定位: 细节理解2.根据Hours of Service部分中 Close midnight SunThur. 3 a.m. FriSat. night可知答案选B。考点定位: 细节理解3.根据Metrobus 部分中 When paying with exact change, the fare is $ 1.35 . When paying with a smatTrip CARD the fare is $1.25 可知答案选B。考点定位: 细节理解4.根据最后一句可知答案选A。考点定位: 细节理解题目：Which boy hasnt dreamed of being a cool secret agent（特工）? The wonderful fig