中考复习名词讲义.doc

名 词1、专有名词是指人、地方、团体、机构等特有的名称。 第一个字母必须大写。专有名词前一般不加冠词。2、有普通名词构成的专有名词前要用定冠词the，但它不大写。Jim , China, Qingdao, the UK, the Great Wall3、复数一般情况加s chips, jeeps, pats , clocks boys, sharpeners, sofas,drawers 以s,x,ch,sh结尾的单词，加es 。watches, boxes, classes, brushes 以字母o结尾的单词，加s或es 。zoos, photos, bamboos, tomatoes, potatoes, heroes, 以辅音字母+y结尾的单词，去y 变i加es 。dictionaries, strawberries, 以f 或fe结尾的单词，去f或fe 变v 加es 。leaves, wives, halves 以th结尾的词加s mouths, paths; months, deaths 4、可数名词复数的不规则变化改变单数名词中的元音字母 eg. man-men, womanwomen, toothteeth, footfeet, mouse-mice 单复数同形eg. Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese,deer-deer, fish-fish, sheep-sheep,由man 和woman构成的合成词, 每个名词都要变复数 eg. a man doctor men doctors, a woman teacher-women teachers 注意: (1). 有些名词表示一种物体具有不可分割的相同的两部分,在使用时只有复数形式eg. trousers, clothes, glasses, shorts, scissors, stockings, socks, etc; (2). 有些名词从形式上看是复数, 实际上是单数(其后的谓语动词要用单数). eg. maths, physics, politics, news 名词的所有格 1. (1) 一般词的所有格, 直接在词尾+s. eg. Mr. Motts robot, childrens clothes (2) 以s结尾的名词所有格只在词尾+ eg. teachers books (3) 两人共有的物体, 则在第二个名词后+s; 如果分别是两人所有, 则在每个名词后面+s。 eg. Lucy and Lilys room. (指两人共住一个房间) Mrs Greens and Mrs Browns son. (指两人各自的儿子) 练习一将下列的名词变成复数形式。 1.book _ 2.duck _ 3.house _ 4.orange _ 5.class _ 6.box _ 7.watch _ 8.bus _ 9.city _ 10.factory _ 11.country _ 12.family _ 13.hero _ 14.potato _ 15.tomato _ 16.photo _ 17.piano _ 18.knife _ 19.leaf _ 20.life _ 21.fish _ 22.sheep _ 23.foot _ 24.tooth _ 25.man _ 26.woman _ 27.fireman_ 28.policeman _ 29.postman _ 30.child _ 31.mouse _ 1They come from different _. A.country B.countries C.a country D.countrys 2. How many _ do you see in the picture? A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato D.the tomato3. They are _. A.woman teachers B.women teachers C.women teacher D.woman teacher 4. Would you like _, please? A.two glass of water B.two glasses of water C.two glass of water D.two glasses of waters 5. There are some _in these _. A.knifes ，pencil-boxes B.knives ，pencil-box C.knives ，pencil-box D.knives ，pencil-box1.In _ time, those mountains will be covered with trees. A.few year B. a few years C. few years D. a few years2. Did you hear the _ report? A. police B. policemens C. policemans D. policemens3. We bought _ for my mothers birthday. A. some meats B. some pieces meat C. a piece of meat D. pieces of meats 4. Whose is this new desk?-Its _. A. Sue and Jims B. Sue and Jim C. Sues and Jims5. Would you like _ coffee? -No, thanks. Ive drunk two _.A.any; bottles of orange B. little; bottle of oranges C. some; bottles of orange D. a few; bottle of orange 6. How many _ do you want? -Two, please. A. kilos of egg B. kilo of eggs C. kilos of eggs D. kilo of bread 7. The railway station is two _ from our house. A. hours drive B. hours drive C. hour-drive D. hours drive 8. Where are you going, Lucy? -_. A. To my uncle B. To my uncles C. At my uncle D. At my uncles9. Have you read _? A. a newspaper of todays B. today newspaper C. a piece of newspaper today D. todays newspaper10. Therere a lot of _ down there, but hardly any _.A. horse; people B. horses; peoples C. cow; people D. sheep; people 11. Lucy put a lot of _ in _ of tea. A. sugar; the two cup B. sugars; the two cups C. sugar; the two cups D. sugars; two cups 12. Mr. Lin often gives us _ by e-mail. A. some good information B. some good informations C. good informations D. a good information 13. Is this your room? -No, its _ room.A. box of apple B. boxes of apples C. box of apples D. boxes of apple 17. Help yourself to some _. -Thank you. I really like them. A. fish B. orange C. bread D. cakes 18. This is an old photo of mine when I _. A. have short hairs B. had short hairs C. have short hair D. had short hair 19. Where is _ sweater? I cant see it. A. Lucy B. Lucys C. Lucys20. The little baby has two _ already. A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths 21. We all had _ last month. Did you travel to anywhere? A. seven days holiday B. seven days holidayC. seven-days holiday D. a seven-days holiday 22. Yesterday a few _ came to visit some _ in Shantou. A. German; places o