广东省雷州市附城中学高三英语语法复习之代词讲练.doc

代词代词分为九类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、连接代词、不定代词、关系代词。1.人称代词人称代词有主格和宾格之分, 主格在句中作主语(如she), 宾格在句中作宾语(如him)。she loves him.it的用法： 重点 （1）. 指环境情况、时间、天气、距离。it is so noisy here（2）. 代替前文提到过的事物、前文的指示代词(that， this)。 this is my new pen. i bought it yesterday. （3）. 指动物、性别不详的婴儿、猜测不确定的人。 what a beautiful baby! is it a boy？ （4）. 作形式主语、形式宾语。 its no use talking to him. i think it hard to win the game. it not easy to learn a foreign language well.（5）. 构成强调结构。 it is you that she loves, not me.2物主代词 (1)形容词性的物主代词：主要用来修饰名词，表示一种所属关系。在语法填空中要根据文章前后所提供的信息判断词语之间的关系。如果所给的语境需要表达一种所属关系，要根据情况使用对应的形容词性的物主代词。实例见证： it is said that a shorttempered man in the song dynasty(1960-1279) was very anxious to help _ rice crop grow up quickly. 答案及解释：his当年有不少考生都使用了定冠词the，虽然从语法角度上说，the没有错误，但是从语境来看，此处用his更符合，因为这个男人渴望让“他自己的”庄稼长得更快一些。用the的话指代就不够清楚了。(2)名词性的物主代词：名词性的物主代词多数会在句子中充当表语或者宾语。实例见证： i have already got toms proposal. where is _(you)?答案及解释：yours此处用yours来表示上一句话中提到的proposal(计划书)，同时表达了一个概念，“你的计划书”(不是其他人的)。3指示代词(this, that, these, those)thisthatthis (these)指时间或空间上较近的人或物_ is my desk and that is yours. that(those)常指时间或空间较远的人或物in _ days they could not go to school. this常指后面要讲到的事物，有启下的作用let me tell you _： you will never succeed if you dont put your heart to it. that则指前面讲到过的事物，有承上的作用he hurt his leg yesterday. _ is why he didnt come. 4. 反身代词可作动词或介词(by, for等)的宾语; 或者作主语或宾语的同位语，起加强语气的作用, 译作“亲自, 本人”。常考的词组有：accustom oneself to n. / doing sth习惯于 adapt (oneself) to 适应addict oneself to 沉溺于； amuse oneself by doing / with sth. 以自娱apply oneself to 专心于，致力于absent oneself from 缺席；置身于之外此外bathe, amuse, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introduce, behave，teach，heal 也经常接反身代词做宾语5.疑问代词 表示“谁(who),谁 (whom),谁的(whose),什么(what), 哪个或哪些 (which)”等词叫疑问代词。 who is here just now? which one do you like, this one or that one?6. 关系代词(从句中): 重点 关系代词是一种引导从句起连接主句和从句的代词。关系代词有 who, whose, whom, that, which. 它们在句中可用作主语,表语,宾语,定语. 在主句中,它们还代表着从句所修饰的那个名词或代词。this is the students whose name is wang hua. i know what he is coming to get. i know whom he is looking for.7. 不定代词: 重点没有明确指定代替任何特定名词或形容词的词叫做不定代词,常用的不定代词如下: all, any, another, both, each, every, either, every, few, little, many, much, no,none,neither,one, other,some以及由 some, any, no, every 和 body, one, thing 构成的复合词。 重点：（1）表示“两者” “多者” 的代词完成表格都都不任一两者both _ _多者_ _ _注意：a.这两个词都可用于表示两个人或物。neither 表示否定意义意为 “(两者中的每一个) 都不”; 而either则表示肯定意义, 意为“(两者中的每一个)都”。它们用作代词时,可单独使用, 也可同介词of连用。用作形容词时, 则可用于修饰后面的单数名词。b.none既可指人，也可指物。它强调数量，意为“一点也不, 一个也不”。常用于回答how much和how？many引导的问句。none还可与介词of连用。no one只能指人(=nobody), 不能接of短语,常用于回答who引导的问句。c.在使用不定代词时，一要注意它们的词性(因为它们还可用作形容词); 二要注意它们所表示的数量; 三要注意它们是表示肯定还是否定。（2）表示“另外” 的代词完成表格单数复数泛指another _特指the other _ 说明可作定语不能作定语有the是特指, 无the是泛指; 以s结尾的不能作定语, 不以s结尾的可作定语。注意：搭配：some.others.有些有些；one.the other.一个(特指两者中的)另一个（3）none/nothing/nobody（no one）none:既可指人，也可指物。特指概念。常用于回答how many/much引导的疑问句。nobody（no one）:只能指人，常回答who引领的疑问句。nothing：只能指物，常用于回答what引导的疑问句链接高考语法填空1. behind him were other people to whom he was trying to talk, but after some minutes _walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed（恼火的）.3. he asked his teacher, “sir, the water was awful（恶心的）. why did you pretend to like 38 _？” 4. after the student left, the teacher let _ student taste the water. 6. jane was walking round the department store（百货店）. she remembered how difficult 3_was to choose a suitable（合适的） christmas present for her father.8. last year, my brother and i went to miami for a vacation. some of my friends who had been there before said_16_ was a wonderful holiday destination(目的地).9. have a good time and enjoy _.10 isnt it amazing how the human body heals _after an injury？ 11.wow！ youve got so many clothes. but _ of them are in fashion now.12. jane was asked a lot of questions, but she didnt answer _of them. 13. which of the two computer games did you prefer？ actually i didnt like _of them.14. they were _tired, but none of them would stop to take a rest. 18.the two girls are so alike that strangers find _difficult to tell one from the other. 19.the doctor thought _would be good for you to have a holiday.20.i like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but i dont have enough money to buy _. 23.the fact that she was foreign made _ difficult for her to get a job in that country. 单句改错：（1） here are some letters for you and he.（2） she loves swimming. it keeps she fit.（4） everyone here gets up earlier than her does.（5） here is my dog. its name is petty.（8） the smiths have been married， but have no children of his own.（10） he smiled at her and laid her hand on hers.（11） when you are away from home， you should look after you.（12） if you have any question， put up hand.（13） its a very important thing. you must think over carefully.（15） in order to catch the thief， the pol