外研版 Book 4 Module 2 Traffic Jam 教案.doc

Module 2 Traffic Jam教案I教学内容分析本模块以Traffic Jam为话题，介绍了北京的各种交通方式及其特点，以及伦敦的城市增容费的问题。旨在使学生能够运用所学内容描述各种交通方式，讨论与交通有关的话题。通过本模块学习，学生要对交通问题有所了解，学会写他们所在城市的交通现状以及交通问题。Introduction部分通过对不同交通方式的介绍引出话题，把学生引到Traffic Jam的话题上。为进一步学习课文打下基础。Reading and Vocabulary部分通过阅读Getting Around in Beijing，让学生学习相关词汇，学会归纳文章的主旨大意；分析文章的结构和写作技巧；并围绕文章内容，进行听、说、读、写等各项活动。Function部分学习怎么向人提出建议，让学生通过相关练习活动掌握这种表达法。Listening and Speaking部分听取五个人讲述自己所遇到的交通问题的录音，培养学生准确获取有效信息、完成相关练习的能力。Vocabulary部分学习有关城市交通的复合词，通过有关练习让学生理解并掌握这些词的含义。Pronunciation部分通过听力的训练，让学生掌握英语中的连读，加强语音、语调的训练。Grammar部分通过几个交通标志的含义，要求学生识别祈使句，并了解祈使句的用法。Speaking部分是阅读文章后所展开的一项活动，要求学生能够模仿其内容来谈论自己遇到过的交通问题。Writing部分先给出一篇说明交通问题的现状及解决方法的范文，通过设置的几个问题，要求学生仿照范文，借鉴listening and speaking中的观点写出对交通问题的认识的文章。Everyday English部分围绕日常生活中常见的交际用语，主要通过选择题的形式使学生熟练掌握这几个表达。Cultural Corner部分是一篇介绍伦敦的城市增容费的问题的文章，帮助学生了解伦敦的城市交通现状、征收城市增容费的来历，扩大学生的知识面。Task部分是对本模块的一个复习与应用，要求学生小组活动，上网查找资料，利用本模块所学祈使句的用法的设计几个posters giving advice to visitors .Module File部分有助于学生对本模块学习内容进行归纳，对自己的学习进行总结和检验。II教学重点和难点1. 教学重点 掌握与交通有关的一些词汇； 学习祈使句的用法； 学习提出建议表达方式。2. 教学难点 听懂与交通有关的常用表达，正确理解新学词汇的含义； 正确使用祈使句； 学会从问题，原因，解决办法方面来写有关交通的文章。III教学计划本单元分五个课时：第一课时：Introduction, Speaking, Cultural Corner第二课时：Reading and Vocabulary 第三课时：Listening and Speaking, Vocabulary, Pronunciation, Everyday English,第四课时：Grammar, Function第五课时：Writing, Module FileIV教学步骤：Period 1 Introduction, Speaking, Cultural CornerTeaching Goals: 1. To know something about means of transport;2. To learn some words to describe traffic problems;3. To know something about congestion charge. Teaching Procedures:Step 1. Introduction1. Ask Ss to name the following means of transport. Suggested Answers:(1) a double-decker bus (2) underground (3) motorbike (4) helicopter (5) trolleybus2. Ask Ss to match some words with their definitions in Activity 1 on page 11.3. Ask Ss to work in pairs and answer questions according to the box in Activity 2. Such as: (1) How do you travel every day? (2) How do you travel sometimes? (3) How do you often travel? (4) What have you never traveled by? 4. Ask Ss to answer the questions Activity 3.Step 2. Speaking 1. Ask Ss to talk about a traffic problem they met. Give Ss the key words:For your reference:travel by / rush hour / be stuck in / traffic jam / be going / last / take some measures / solutions to the problems.Step 3. Cultural Corner 1. Fast reading Ask Ss to read the text quickly and answer the two questions.(1) What is a congestion charge?(2) Does the congestion charge work?Suggested Answers:(1) A congestion charge is a tax for cars entering the center of the city.(2) After only six months, traffic coming into central London was reduced by 30 percent, and journey times by 15 percent.2. Intensive readingAsk Ss to read the text carefully and answer more questions:(1) Which cities have traffic problems? Give some examples.(2) Why are the roads in London so busy?(3) What do the Londoners think of the solution?Suggested Answers:(1) Besides Beijing, there are Sao Paolo in Brazil, Lagos in Nigeria, and Los Angeles in the USA.(2) Because the roads are planned and built before cars.(3) Most people think the congestion charge is expensive and limit their freedom, while a few people think the charge should be much higher.Step4. Homework1. Ask Ss to review the expressions of traffic problems. 2. Ask Ss to practise talking about traffic problems. 3. Ask Ss to preview Reading and Vocabulary in the module.Period 2 Reading and VocabularyTeaching Goals:1. To develop Ss reading skills;2. To learn some words about the traffic jam.Teaching procedures:Step1. Word StudyAsk Ss to complete the following sentences with the words given，using proper forms when necessary. There are extra words.cab, fare, lane, trolleybus, traffic, coach, permit, helicopter, underground, return, route, single, receipt, destination, passenger(1) Yesterday he took a _ to work. But on the way, the driver had an accident.(2) In every city of China, there are bicycle _- for bicycle riders.(3) _ use electricity as power.(4) You break the law if you drive without a driving _.(5) The roads are too crowed. Why not use the _?(6) Trolleybuses follow certain _ every day to pick up passengers.(7) After you buy something from a shop, you will be given a_ for your payment.(8) In traveling, the place you want to go to is your_ .(9) A long distance bus is called a _.(10) He was so angry that he could not say a _ word.Suggested Answers:(1) cab (2) lanes (3) Trolleybuses (4) permit (5) underground (6) routes (7) receipt (8) destination (9 )coach (10) singleStep 2. Reading1. Leading-in Ask Ss to talk about the traffic of the city they live in.2. Fast readingAsk Ss to read the text silently and quickly and answer the question.What means of transport can you use when you get round in Beijing?Suggested Answers: taxis / buses and trolleybuses / minibuses / underground / pedicabs 2. Intensive reading(1) Ask Ss to read the text again and answer the questions in Activity 2 on page 13. (2) Ask Ss to find the words of Activity 3 in the passage. Make sure they understand their meanings well. Then get them to match the words with the meanings given.Step4. Language Points1. Ask Ss to discuss the important and difficult language points in groups. Then give them some explanation. Simply raise your hand ,and a taxi appears in no time .只要你招招手，马上就会有出租车开过来。 该句用了“祈使句 + and / or+ 陈述句”结构.在这个结构中祈使句起条件状语从句的作用。如： Think before you leap, or youll get into trouble. Follow your doctors advice, or your cough will get worse. Work hard, and youll succeed. in no time （= very soon , very quickly） 一会儿,马上。如： Im sure that I can learn how to use the computer in no time. They cleaned the classroom in no time. You should check the cab has a business permit, and make sure you ask for a receipt.你要确保出租车有营业执照，并且一定要索取发票。If you get on a double-decker bus, make sure you sit upstairs. 如果你坐双层车，一定要坐在上面的一层You should talk to the driver, and make sure you know the price before you begin the journey你要先交涉好，走之前先弄清楚价格。这三个句子中均涉及到了make sure 的用法：make sure 确保，保证 ,务必，弄确实，查明。后面可加of 构成“make sure of sth”词组，也可接 that从句。如： I remember that the plane takes off at 7 am, but you had better make sure. When you leave the classroom, make sure that the door is locked. Have you made sure of the time of the train? There are four underground lines in Beijing, and several lines are under construction.在北京有四条地铁线，还有几条正在建设中under construction 在建设中。如： The new railway is still under construction. There are two auditoriums under construction. Tricycles are worth using if you want to explore the narrow alleys of old Beijing.如果你想逛逛老北京的胡同，坐三轮车是再合适不过了。be worth doing 值得做某事。如： His suggestion is worth considering. New York is a city worth visiting.【拓展】be worthy of being done也是“值得做某事”的意思，如：His suggestion is worthy of being considered.2. Ask Ss to listen to the tape and fill the missing words.Public transport provides a _ (1) _way to _ (2) _ in Beijing. There are 20,000 buses and trolleybuses in Beijing, but they can get very _ (3) _. Its a good idea to avoid public transport during the _ (4) _. Fares are cheap, _ (5) _at 1 Yuan. Air-conditioned buses cost more.Bused _ (6) _1 to 100 are _(7)_ to travel within the city center. Higher numbers have destinations in the suburbs. Tourists shouldnt miss the 103 bus which _ (8) _ one of the impressive routes, past Forbidden City and the White Pagoda in Beihai Park. If you get on a double Decker bus, make sure you sit _(9)_. You will have a good _ (10) _of the rapidly changing city.Most buses run from about 5:00 am to midnight. _ (11) _, there is also a night service, provided by buses with a number in the 200s.There are four underground _ (12) _ in Beijing, and several lines are under _ (13) _. Trains are fast and _ (14) _, but rush hours can be terrible. A _ (15) _ trip costs 3 Yuan. Station names are marked by pinyin. The underground is open from 5:00 am to 11:00 pm.Suggested Answers: (1) cheap (2) get around (3) crowded (4) rush hour (5) starting (6) numbered (7) limited (8) offers (9)upstairs (10)view (11) However (12) lines (13) construction (14) convenient (15 )one way Step 5. Homework1. Ask Ss to finish Reading exercises in the Workbook on pages 7576.2. Ask Ss to prepare for the Listening class.Period 3 Listening and Speaking, Vocabulary, Pronunciation, Everyday English,Teaching Goals: 1. To know some skills of listening.2. To study some words and daily expressions.3. To learn connecting reading.Teaching procedures:Step 1. RevisionAsk Ss to check the answers to the Reading exercises in the Workbook.Step 2. Vocabulary 1. Ask Ss to look at the compound nouns in Activity 1, and then match the words from Box A with those from Box B to make compound nouns. Then ask them to work in pairs to check the answers.2. Ask Ss to match the words and the definitions in Activity 2.Step 3. Listening1. Ask Ss to listen to the 5 passages and finish Activity 2 on page 14. They can discuss in pairs.2. Ask Ss to listen to the tape and finish Activity 3 on page 14, and then check the answers with their partners.3. Ask Ss to listen to the tape and fill in the missing words individually.Speaker 1On my way home a few days ago, I got (1) again in the traffic. While I was waiting, I saw a group of taxi drivers in front of me getting out of their cars. They seemed to know each other. They had coffee cups and one of them carried a thermos flask and (2) out some hot water to make tea. It was quite funny! But even after the tea party was over, the traffic was still (3) and we still couldnt move.Speaker 2A few weeks ago I had to catch a plane to Sichuan Province. The plan (4) at 5:30 pm so I set off at 2:30 pm to allow plenty of time to get to the airport. But it wasnt enough time. At 5 pm I was still only at the third (5) road. It was just ridiculous! There was (6) I was going to catch the plane, so I told the taxi driver to turn back and go home.Speaker 3Its only 7 kilometers from my home to my place of work. But every day, it is almost (7) there will be a traffic jam as I get near the west fourth ring road. Its so annoying! It takes at least 15 to 20 minutes to (8) . I think the traffic jams are usually caused by people (9) traffic rules. To get to the front of the line, they often take the bicycle lane. Its the same with pedestrians and cyclists. They dont wait for the green light to pass. Speaker 4Beijing traffic seems to have got noticeably worse recently. The causes seem to be roadworks as the city prepares for the Olympics, and a huge (10) in new car owners and drivers. Whatever the cause, its enough to drive you mad! Why not (11) the number of cars, build more underground lines or follow Shanghai and build roads in the sky? These days I only go out in my car at night after 9 pm. That way I (12) the worst of the traffic. Speaker 4Going to the Summer Palace the other evening there was a big traffic jam at a narrow bridge. One lane in either (13) . So obviously there are lots of cars overtaking on the wrong side of the road which then came to a complete (14) when a car came in the other direction. Result: no one was about to move for 10 minutes! As soon as it (15) the same thing happened again. Its unbelievable.Suggested Answers:(1) stuck (2) poured (3) jammed (4) took off (5) ring (6) no way (7) certain (8) get through (9) disobeying (10) increase (11) limit (12)avoid (13) direction (14) stop (15) cleared4. Ask Ss to work in pairs and discuss the solutions to traffic problems.5. Step 4. Pronunciation & Everyday English1. Ask Ss to listen to the tape and pay attention to the underlined sounds in Activity 1 on page 15.2. Ask Ss to read the following sentences and pay attention to the underlined sounds.3. Ask Ss to complete the exercises on page 18.Step 6. Homework1. Ask Ss to finish Vocabulary exercises in the Workbook on page7475.2. Ask Ss to preview Grammar and function.Period 4 Function, GrammarTeaching Goals: 1. To know about the sentence structures about giving advice;2. To know the usage of the imperatives;3. To learn the meaning of traffic signs.Teaching procedures:Step1. Revision Check the answers to the Vocabulary Exercises in the Workbook.Step2. Function1. Ask Ss to read the sentences in Activity 1 on page 13 and summarize the ways of giving advice. You should do Make sure you do Its a good idea to do 类似表达还有：You had better do Why not do ?Why dont you do ?Lets do What about?How about?Shall I / we do?2. Ask Ss to write some advice to their classmates about learning English.For your reference:You should work hard at English.Why dont you buy some English tapes and some books to go with them if you want to improve your listening skills?Lts a good idea to listen to English songs if you want to improve your listening skill.You had better join in the English Corner and speak English as often as possible.Why not look for a foreign pen friend if you want to improve your writing?Make sure you listen to English and speak it every day.Lets read the English novel together.Step 3. Grammar 1. Ask Ss to finish Activity 1 on page 16 to let them know about the usage of the imperatives.2. Present Ss the grammatical rules of the imperatives. (1) 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表达命令。祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号来表示结束。如：Go and wash your hands. （去洗手。命令） Be quiet, please.（Please be quiet.） （请安静。请求） Be kind to our sister. （对姊妹要和善。劝告） Watch your steps. （走路小心。警告） Look out！Danger！ （小心！危险！强烈警告） Keep off the grass. （勿践草坪。禁止） 祈使句也常把主语“You”表达出来，使对方听起来觉得柔和些，如： You go and tell him, Chris. （克立斯你去告诉他。） (2) 表现形式 肯定结构: Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。如:Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。 有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way, please. 请这边走。 Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如:Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)。如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你。 否定结构: Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加dont构成。如:Dont forget me! 不要忘记我! Let型的否定式有两种:“Dont + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。如:Dont let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。 有些可用no开头, 用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼！ 用“let”的祈使句时，必须注意下列几点： (a)“let” 的否定句有二。如果宾语是第三人称用“Dont let.”；如果宾语是第一人称，则用“Let. not”，如： Dont let this type of things happen again. (b)“Let“只适用于现在时态，可以有被动语态 (the passive voice)，如： Let the recalcitrant criminals be sent to prison. (c)“Let”后头除了是不带“to“的不定式动词 (The infinitive without “to”)之外，还可以是某些适当的副词，如out, in, down, alone等： Open the windows and let the fresh air in. (d) 用“Lets”时，把谈话者的对象包括在内；用“Let us”时，并不包括对方，如： Let us do it by ourselves, will you? Step 6. Homework 1. Ask Ss to review Grammar rules. 2. Ask Ss to finish Grammar exercises in the Workbook on page 73。Period 5 Writing, Module FileTe