新概念英语二级21课笔记.doc

完成以下练习题（主动句变被动句）1.His mother told him not to waste time on fishing.2 Father gave me a toy at Christmas.3 This factory produces machine tools.4 They should do it at once.5 He is likely to let you down.6 They named the child Tom.【New words and expressions】mad adj. 发疯sb. is mad“为而疯狂（着迷）”的表示方法：be mad aboutIm mad about English.be crazy aboutgo insane （insane adj. 患精神病的，精神病患者的，极愚蠢的）I slowly go insane/go crazy/go mad/go bananas.go bananas （go+adj. 变得)They are going bananas. =go crazy=go mad (变疯了)reason n. 原因for this reason 由于这个理由、原因For this reason,I was late.as+句子由于because+句子由于sum n. 量a sum of +不可数名词 一笔a large sum of 大笔的 (large 指数量的大)a large sum of money 一大笔钱a great many + 可数名词复数a great number of + 可数名词复数plenty of 足够多的determined adj. 坚定的, 下决心的be determined to do sth. 下定决心做某事make up one's mind 下定决心decide to do sth. 决定做make a decision to do sth. 决定做determine v.下定决心【课文讲解】1、Mad or not? = mad or not mad?or not 在疑问词的后面，表示“是还不是”，选择概念2、Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad.drive sb. mad 逼某人发疯You are driving me mad.The teacher is slowly driving me mad.3、I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day.night and day 日日夜夜，夜以继日 (注意连读)passing planes 过往飞机（passing是现在分词，作定语，起形容词作用，修饰planes，“经过的(路过)，过往的”）He forgot the man with passing time. 随着时间的消逝，他忘掉了那个人。sleeping baby 正在睡觉的小孩waiting car 正在等待的车4、The airport was built years ago, but for some reason it could not be used then.years 前面不加确定的数词时，一般表示“许多年”years ago = many years ago，weeks等的用法与它相似I have not seen him for weeks.some+不可数名词/可数名词复数一些some+可数名词单数某一for some reason 由于某个理由Ill tell you some day.Well talk about it some other time. 我们改日再谈这件事。5、Last year, however, it came into use.however 然而（用于句首, 句中, 用逗号隔开）use n. 使用come into use 启用，开始被使用（主动概念，没有被动式）When did the train come into use?The road came into use last month. vt. 使用be used 被使用（被动）6、Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise.over a hundred 一百多must have been done 过去发生, 表示推测，被动away from 从某地离开（away 离开某地）7、I am one of the few people left.one of 之一(表示特指的一群人/一些东西中的一个，后面的名词用复数)left 表示被留下来的，leave 过去分词, left 作定语放在被修饰词的后面left 剩下的东西，相当于“Who are left (by the others) 其他人走了留下他们”I have a bag left.There is ten cents left in my pocket. （cent n.(货币单位)分, 分币）8、Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane. I have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here.knock down 撞倒offer v. 提供（相当于given）双宾语的被动语态中，主语有两种可能; 以sb.做主语或以sth.做主语give sb. sth.被动 sb. be given sth.give sth. to sb.被动sth. be given to sb.双宾语在变被动时用离动词最近的宾语做主语原文句型结构sb. be offered sth.【Key structures】被动语态被动语态可以和大部分情态动词连用（包括具有情态功能的will和would）。He may have been told the news.The shops must have been closed now.动词+宾语+不定式结构中既可以动词用被动语态，也可以在不定式中用被动语态：Mary was told to meet us. = They told Mary to meet us.在句型“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”中，这两个宾语都可以成为被动句的主语。但由于间接宾语通常是人，所以间接宾语成为被动句主语的时候要多些： Sam was given a gold watch. = A gold watch was given to Sam.【Special Difficulties】Drive的用法 v. 开车, 驾驶(drove, driven, driving)drive to 开车去往某地I drove to Tianjing yesterday vt. 赶，驱赶，围赶（猎物、敌人等）drive sb. away from 把某人赶走drive sb. out of 把某人赶出去During the war, many people were driven out of their homes.drive sb. back 撵回去Our army drove the enemy back. vt. 逼迫，迫使drive sb. mad 逼疯The death of all her children has driven h