lesson 41yoyo课堂笔记.doc

lesson 41yoyo课堂笔记New Word and expressions 生词和短语cheese tiz n. 乳酪，干酪bread bred n. 面包soap sup n. 肥皂chocolate tklit n. 巧克力sugar u n. 糖coffee kfi n. 咖啡tea ti: n. 茶tobacco tbku n. 烟草，烟丝*cheese n. 乳酪，干酪（不可数名词）* a piece of cheese 一块乳酪 *two pieces of cheese 两块乳酪 bread n. 面包(不可数名词） a loaf luf of bread 一块未切好的面包 two loaves of bread 两大块面包 a piece of bread 一片面包复数去f为v加s knifeknivessoap n. 肥皂 a bar of soap 一块肥皂 five bars of soap 五块肥皂soap bubble 肥皂泡 soap opera 肥皂剧bar n. 条；块He has just had a chocolate bar. n. （门、窗的）闩；杆He is now behind bars.他现在被关在监狱里。（bar指窗上装有铁栅栏，behind bars是一种非正式固定用语，意为in prison，关在监狱里） n. 酒吧（间）The bar is very crowded.（拥挤）*肥皂剧肥皂剧一词起源于早期的欧美电视，原因是在晚间 ，电视台会播放一些搞笑的短片 ，没有深度 ，只求一笑，在这些断片里经常会夹杂着一些肥皂的广告。久而久之，大家都以肥皂剧来称呼这些断片。再接下来， 短片不断的拍摄 ， 形成连续剧的形式 ，现在人说的肥皂剧大体和以前的含义差不多 ， 但是主要的意思比较贬义，含有无聊 拖沓的意思。在英美等西方发达国家,每周都会有固定的播出时间给几部持续几年甚至数十年的肥皂剧(老友记(friends),欲望城市(sex & city，加冕街coronation street)等等, 欣赏的观众层次也由最先的家庭主妇扩充到 “雅皮士”(西方城市职业阶层中的年轻人士) 阶层。,k:rnen加冕礼chocolate n. 巧克力（不可数名词）a bar of chocolate 一块巧克力ten bars of chocolate 十块巧克力sugar n. 糖（不可数名词） a pound paund of sugar 一磅白糖 six pounds of sugar 六磅白糖 some sugar 一些白糖some =certain某个 poundpaund n. 磅；常衡磅；金衡磅It weighs 15 pounds. n. 英磅Half a pound of coffee costs one pound.半磅咖啡的价格是一英镑。 糖sugarcandy sweet三者均有糖的意思,但sugar是指的白糖,蔗糖; 而sweet则指的是甜品,甜点,另外它还可以用作形容词“甜美的”来解释; candy指我们平常所吃零食的小型糖果,喜糖等。coffee n. 咖啡（不可数名词） a cup of coffee 一杯咖啡black coffee: coffee without milk不加牛奶的咖啡white coffee : 加牛奶的咖啡 tea n. 茶（不可数名词） 绿茶green tea红茶black tea一杯茶 a cup of tea tobacco n. 烟草，烟丝（不可数名词）a tin tn of tobacco 一听烟丝two tins of tobaccocigarette siret n. 香烟（可数名词） a pack of cigarettes 一盒香烟 sigh标志keep healthy cheese n. 乳酪，干酪 bread n. 面包 soap n. 肥皂 chocolate n. 巧克力 sugar n. 糖 coffee n. 咖啡 tea n. 茶 tobacco n. 烟草，烟丝香烟可数香草不可数 以上单词有什么共同点？不可数名词（可以用量词来形容，没有复数形式）不可数名词集体名词比如：clothing fruit物质名词 bread 抽象名词不可数名词指表示的事物不能用数来计算。 不可数名词没有词性变化，需要计量时，要加表示量的单位词。 即：单位+of+物质名词的形式 一杯咖啡 a cup of coffee 物质名词：表示无法分为个体的事物。 物质名词是不可数名词。 如： tea(茶), water（水）, coffee（咖啡）,butter（奶油） 表示物质名词的量，可用以下的方法：用容量表示: 单数 一杯茶 a cup of tea 一瓶牛奶 a bottle of milk复数（在容器后面变复数，加 “s”） 两杯茶 two cups of tea 五瓶牛奶 five bottles of milk复数（在容器后面变复数，加 “s”） 两杯茶 two cups of tea 五瓶牛奶 five bottles of milk1. 六杯茶2. 两瓶牛奶 3. 一个面包4. 一块巧克力 5. 三块乳酪1. six cups of tea2. two bottles of milk3. a loaf of bread4. a bar of chocolate5. three pieces of cheese量词：a loaf of breada bar of soapa piece of cheesea bottle of milka pound of sugara quarter of a tin of tobacco巧克力用bar，面包用loafa tin of一罐a quarter用于时间there be句型 表示某地有某物 就近原则There is a/an +可数名词单数 there is an apple and so melons There is some +不可数名词 there are an apples and so melons 在盘子里有一些乳酪。There is some cheese on the plate.变疑问Is there any cheese on the plate？在盘里有几片面包。 There is some bread on the plate. 变疑问Is there any bread on the plate？ 在盒子里有一些香皂。There is some soap in the box. 疑问Is there any soap in the box？ little+不可数名词few+可数名词复数 疑问句改句子1.找到be动词 2.be动词提前3.其他不变 4.句末加问号 Some在肯定句中any在疑问句中 some 用于肯定句any用于疑问和否定句若是可数名词怎么变疑问句呢？spoon? 盘子里有一个勺子There is a spoon on the plateIs there a spoon on the plate？ TextSAM:Is that bag heavy, Penny?PENNY:Not very.SAM: Here!Put it on this chair. Whats in it?PENNY:A piece of cheese. A loaf of bread. A bar of soap. A bar of Chocolate.A bottle of milk. A pound of sugar. Half a pound of coffee.A quarter of pound of tea. And a tin of tobacco.SAM: Is that tin of tobacco for me?PENNY:Well, its certainly not for me!SAM: Is that bag heavy(重的), Penny?PENNY: Not very（口语化）.省略形式：口语中回答问题时，常把主语、动词和宾语都省略，只剩一个副词、一个副词词组或一个动词不定式短语等. 全句： It is not very heavy. SAM: Here!Put it on this chair.Whats in it?放这儿！放到椅子上来。里面是什么东西啊？ it 指bag Whats in it?里面是什么东西？在不知道里面有什么东西的情况下我们一般用系动词单数形式is ，而不用are. e.g. -Whats in your bag?- Three books.在没有扶手的椅子上用on，在有扶手的椅子上用in。如：sit on a chair坐在椅子上sit in an armchair 坐在扶手椅里 PENNY: A piece of cheese.A loaf of bread.指西餐中切成片吃的整个面包。A bar of soap.A bar of Chocolate. 指一长条巧克力糖。这种形状的巧克力有时也可称为一块巧克力。A bottle of milk. PENNY: A piece of cheese.A loaf of bread.A bar of soap.A bar of Chocolate.A bottle of milk.一块肥皂，一块巧克力，一瓶牛奶 A pound of sugar.Half a pound of coffee.A quarter of pound of tea.And a tin of tobacco. pound1) 磅（重量单位） three pounds of sugar 三磅糖2）英镑（货币单位） one pound 一英镑 three pounds 三英镑 A pound of sugar.Half a pound of coffee.half a hour A quarter of a pound of tea.And a tin of tobacco. half 一半 half a year 半年 half a pound 半磅 half a pound of sth.two and a half hours两个半小时.= two hours and a half A pound of sugar.Half a pound of coffee.A quarter of pound of tea.And a tin of tobacco.四分之一磅茶叶 quarter 四分之一，一刻钟，一季 a quarter of . .的四分之一 a quarter of a pound 一磅的四分之一（四分之一磅） A pound of sugar.Half a pound of coffee.A quarter of （给）prep pound of tea.And a tin of tobacco.一听烟丝。 SAM: Is that tin of tobacco for me?PENNY: Well, its certainly not for me! for 给, 为. e.g. This bottle of milk is for him.这瓶牛奶是给他的。 Its not for me! 它不是给我的。 it = the tin of tobacco SAM: Is that tin of tobacco for me?PENNY: Well, its certainly not for me! certainly 当然of course You bet.Sure. Lesson 42 Is there ain/on that?New words and expressionsbird b:d n. 鸟any det. 一些some det. 一些不定代词：some & any都可表示“一些”some 一般用在肯定句any 一般用在否定句或疑问句 -Do you have any money? -Yes, I have some. No, I dont have any.注意：当你想得到对方肯定的回答时，可用some来提问Do you have some money? PracticeDo you have some_/any_ _ apples?I have _some_ bananas.He is going to have _some_ milkWe have _any_ food, but we dont have _some drink.I want _some_ meat, please.She doesnt need _any_ help!我可以要些巧克力吗？ 抱歉！没有了。 Keys to the written exercisesA1 Is there any bread in the kitchen?（厨房）2 Theres a loaf on the table.3 Theres some coffee of bread on the table, too.4 There isnt any chocolate on the table.5 Theres a spoon on that dish（盘子）.6 Is there any soap on the dressing table?（梳妆台）B* 1 Is there a spoon here? Yes, there is. Theres one on the plate.2 Is there a tie （领带，鞋带）here? Yes, there is. Theres one on the chair.3 Is there any milk h