英语六级常见场景词语.doc

一校园学习场景 1学生的常见表达：freshman, sophomore, junior, senior, undergraduate, graduate/post-graduate student, doctor candidate 博士生, alumni(alumnus的复数)校友 2老师的常见表达：mentor 辅导员, 3考试的常见表达：mid-term exam, final exam, pop quiz 随堂测验 4考试成绩的常见表达：GPA 绩点(grade point average) 5作业的常见表达：extension(延期） 6选课的常见表达：credit 学分, cancel the course 取消课程 7课程的常见表达： seminar 研讨会 8课堂的常见表达：speaker, seminar, lecturer, presentation, school of thought, 9论文的常见表达：term paper, essay, thesis 硕士论文, dissertation 博士论文, proposal 10学位的常见表达：BA，BS， MA， MS， Ph.D, ABD 11学费及奖学金的常见表达：tuition, fee, financial aids, scholarship, assistantship, grant, tuition-waiver 免学费 二图书馆场景 重点，出现频率高。涉及借书，还书，找书等基本程序。还有在图书馆学习的先例 1 图书馆内常见设施：shelf, reference room, periodical room, copier, study lounge, circulation desk 流通台 2 图书常见表达：librarian, call number, catalogue, call slip 索引, index, volume, library card 3 图书馆常见规章制度：written permission, to book reservation, overdue超期, renewal, fine, to take out the book/ to check out the book, to return the book, to put on reserve 定为馆藏 4 期刊的常见表达：magazine, periodical, journal, back number 过期期刊, current issue, latest number 1. 学校场景的背景基本知识 学生场景freshman 大一学生sophomore 大学二年级生, 有二年经验的junior student 大三学生senior student 大四学生，高年级学生undergraduate student 本科生graduate student / postgraduate student 研究生masters degree 硕士学位bachelors degree 学士学位doctor student / doctor candidate 博士研究生post doctor student 博士后alumni / alumnus 校友老师场景professor 教授teaching fellow 讲师tutor / mentor / director / super visor 导师dean 系主任department 系president 校长staff 全体员工(商店、企业)faculty 全体教职员工2. 上课、选课、听讲座、听报告场景take the course 选课drop the course 退课register 注册sign up for the course 选课Pick up = learncancel 取消full 报满selective course / elective course / optional course 选修课requirement / required course / compulsory 必修课lecture 讲座seminar 讨论班credit 学分introductory course 初级课程advanced course 高级课程math 数学computer course 计算机psychology course 心理学physics 物理学economics 经济学computer science 计算机科学sociology 社会学geology 地质学chemistry 化学biology 生物学biochemistry 生物化学science 理科3. 作业场景homework / assignment / projectbook report 读书报告presentation 课堂发言reading list 书单turn in / hand in hand 上交deadline 最后期限due 到期extension 延期paper 论文 / essay 小论文term paper 学期报告thesis 毕业论文proposal 开题报告4. 考试场景Exam 考试mid-term exam 期中考试final exam 期末考试quiz 测验pop quiz 不提前通知的考试grade / score 分数pass 及格passing grade 及格分failing grade 失败GPA 平均学分积make up exam 补考cheat 作弊5. 图书馆场景shelf 书架stack 书库reading room 阅览室reference room 参考书阅览室periodical room 期刊阅览室copier 复印机study lounge 自习室librarian 图书馆长, 图书管理员catalogue 书目index 索引volume 卷，宗library card 借书卡writing permission 书面许可book reservation 借书check out 外借over due 超期renew 续借fine 罚款return 还书put on reserve 被限制在馆内阅读magazine 杂志journal 期刊periodical 期刊quarterly 季刊current issue 现刊back issue 过刊latest number 最新一期author 作者subject 题目title 名字key words 关键字一、学习相关场景词汇精要 1. 回家作业类型：Home assignment projectPresentation speech addressEssayResort book report lab reportTerm paperThesis2. 完成作业：RectifyRewritePolishTurn in / submit the thesisSupervisorDeadlineOverdue3. 图书馆借阅书籍：LibrarianStudents ID cardIndexCatalogueAuthorVersion editionBe put on reservationBe on circulationMagazine journal back number current numberReaders DigestMulti-media centerAudio & visual centerOverdue fine二、工作相关场景词汇精要1. 日常工作：Staple StapletPunchClipFolderShredderScan scannerCopy duplicate xeroxTo send/forward an emailReceive a telefaxPs = post scriptCc = carbon copyBcc = blind carbon copyTake down the minituesArrange conferenceBusiness tripAppointment2. 招聘面试：Want ad recruitment adCv = curriculum vitaeResumeApply for a jobJob-seeking job-huntingHead hunterJob-seeker job-hunter candidate job applicantFilteringShort-listPaper testInterview interviewee interviewerOfferJob appointmentDepartmentJob responsibilityReport to sb。Immediate bossJob-hoppingResignResignationDismissDismissalBe laid off1. from what i have mentioned above, we can see clearly that violence on tv has great influence on youngsters behavior.从上面我所提到的，我们可以清楚地看到，电视暴力对青少年的影响是极其深远的。2. there are two reasons for the improvement in peoples living conditions. in the first place, we have been carrying out the reform and opening-up policy. secondly, there has been a rapid expansion of our national economy. furthermore, the birth rate has been put under control.人民生活状况的改善原因有两点。首先，我们一直在贯彻执行改革开放政策。其次，国民经济正在迅速发展，而且出生率已经得到控制。3. my suggestions to deal with the problem are as follows. to begin with, it is urgent to create nature reserves. secondly, certain rare wild animals that are going to be extinct should be collected, fed and reproduced artificially. finally, those who hunter them must be punished severely.我对解决这个问题的建议如下：首先，迫在眉睫的是建立自然保护区。其次，有些濒临灭绝的珍稀野生动物应该收捕、人工喂养并繁殖。最后，对于捕猎珍稀野生动物的人必须严惩。4. people differ in their attitudes towards failure. faced with it, some of them can stand up to it, draw useful lessons from it and try hard to fulfill what they are determined to do. others, however, lose heart and give in.人们对失败持有不同的态度。面对失败，有人能够经得起考验，从失败中汲取教训，并努力去完成他们下定决心要做的事情。然而，另一些人却丧失信心并退却了。5. it is desirable to build more hospitals, shopping centers, recreation centers, cinemas and other public facilities to meet the growing needs of people.人们希望建立更多的医院、购物中心、娱乐中心、电影院和其他公用设施来满足人们日益增长的需求。6. as a popular saying goes, everything has two sides. now the public are benefiting more and more from scientific and technological inventions. on the other hand, the progress of science and technology is bringing us a lot of trouble. people in many countries are suffering from public hazards.常言道：事情总是一分为二的。如今人们从科技发明中得到越来越多的好处。另一方面，科技进步也给我们带来了许多麻烦。现在许多国家 的人民饱受公害之苦。7. lets take cars for example. they not only pollute the air in cities, but make them crowded. furthermore, they are responsible for a lot of traffic accidents. the noise made by cars disturbs the residents living on both sides of streets all day and night.就拿汽车为例。汽车不仅污染城市空气，而且使城市拥挤不堪。此外，汽车造成许多交通事故。汽车所产生的噪音使居住在街道两旁的居民日夜不得安宁。8. it is generally believed that the chief reason for the increase in population in developed countries is not so much the rise in birth rates as the decline in death rates as a result of the improvement in medical care.普遍认为，在发达国家人口增长的主要原因与其说是出生率的上升，还不如说是由于医疗保健的改善使死亡率下降了。9. there is no doubt that the increase in demand caused the rise in prices.毫无疑问，需求的增长导致了价格的上涨。10. additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements-themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.由于人口的猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使这种流动相对容易)引发的种种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。11. with the opening and reform policy being carried out, thousands upon thousands of foreign visitors are crowding into our country. they are eager to see this old mysterious land with a splendid culture of more than 5,000years.随着改革开放政策的贯彻执行，数以万计的外国游人涌入中国。他们渴望参观这个有着5000多年灿烂文化的神秘古国。12. tourism brings china a lot of benefits. first, it enables the chinese people to know more about the outside world and promotes friendship and understanding. second, it is financially beneficial to china, which needs more foreign currencies for its modernization program.旅游业给中国带来许多好处。首先，它使中国人了解外界，并有助于促进友谊和理解。其次，在经济上也有利于我国，因为中国现代化建设需要大量的外汇。13 tourism, however, gives rise to a number of problems. for instance, it becomes a burden to inefficient transportation system.旅游业也引起许多问题。例如，它增加了我国本来效率不高的运输系统的负担。14. besides, the living standard of the average chinese is still not high enough to be able to afford the many different sorts of expensed during long distance travels.此外，中国人民的生活水平还没有高到足以使普通中国人有钱支付长途旅行的各种开支。1. 关于爱心 (01年真题)Love is a lamp1.现象/现状说明段 Love is of utmost importance to us humans. Everybody not only needs love, but also should give others love. As can be seen from the picture, love is a lamp which is brighter in darker places. This is indeed true. People in darker places need more light than other people. Maybe even a dim light can give them much hope for a better life. Maybe just a thread of light will call forth their strength and courage to help them step out of their difficulties.7.举例段 I can think of no better illustration of this idea than the following example(s).For instance when someone is starving to death, just a little food and water from you may save his(her) life. Again, when a little girl in a poor rural area drops out of school because of poverty, just a small sum of money from you may support her to finish school and change her life. In these case/circumstances you have given love which is like a lamp in a dark place where light is most needed.8.归纳结论段 To sum up, we should offer our help to all the needed. We expect to get love from others and we also give love to others. So when you see someone in difficulty or in distress and in need of help, dont hesitate to give your love to him (her). I believe that the relationship between people will be harmonious and that our society will be a better place for us to live in.2. 空气污染(隐形杀手)2.图画/图表描述段 Pollution is becoming more and more serious all over the world. As is shown in the cartoon, two cars are giving off waste gas and three people are trying to avoid breathing in the poisonous gas by masking their face with their hands. The poisonous gas sent off by factories, domestic appliances and automobiles has made the air unhealthy for people to breathe.5.意义阐述段 There is no denying that automobiles are indications of civilization, progress and development; nevertheless , automobiles cause the serious problem of air pollution. Scientists have warned that unless effective measures are taken, the problem of pollution will eventually get out of hand. Actually, people are showing a real concern over the problem. For example, there is an increasingly loud voice from the public for firm action against pollution from automobiles.10建议措施段Indeed, the earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it for ourselves and for our descendants. In my opinion, we should work out concrete solutions to the problem of pollution from poisonous gas given off by automobiles. For example, the automobiles should be equipped with a device which can dispose of waste gas so as to prevent it from polluting air. Only in this way can we really solve the problem of air pollution caused by automobiles3. 沙漠化2.图画/图表描述段As is shown in the picture, we can see clearly the relation ship between people and desert. In the left hand picture, people are fleeing from greedy sand hills because they cut down all the trees. The caption reads, ”As the sand advances, we retreat.” In the right hand picture, the people have returned carrying tools, water, and young trees to plant the land again. The caption reads: “As we advance, the sand retreats. ”5.意义阐述段It seems to me that the cartoonist is sending a message about the importance of trees in water and soil conservation and the need for everyone to fight against the danger of the desertification. In fact, what he is saying is that the sand hills will drive away from the land if we do fight against the sand. If we let this situation continue as it is , our environment will suffer a great destruction.10.建议措施段The best way to fight back against the greedy desert in made clear in the second picture. There the local people are actively setting about the task of planting trees to reclaim the land and make it fertile. The fact that there are three people in the picture, each with a different job suggests that working together is the key to success in the battle against soil erosion5. 人口增长对野生动物的影响(99年真题)2.图画/图表描述段 From these graphs, we can draw a conclusion that, with the growth of human population, the number of species has decreased rapidly in America, and some species have even vanished from our planet.6.原因列军段Why does this phenomenon appear? There are several possible reasons for this. Above all, as the human population grows rapidly, a growing number of people came to live where some wild species have been living. Then these species have to move to other places. Some of them probably can not adapt to the new environment and die. In addition, although many people look on the wildlife as their friends, some people may not think so. They catch a lot of wild animals and sell them in order to get more money. Even worse(坏)/More importantly(好), as the result(中性) /consequence(贬义)of the industry, the natural balance and the ecologic environment are destroyed. The clear cutting has become increasingly serious. So some of the wildlife become homeless and extinct.10.建议措施段In order to protect the wildlife, I have some suggestions. First, the governments should make laws to prevent them from being caught and killed. Second, the governments should educate people to love nature and protect it. Third, as for ourselves, we should take practical actions to protect our living environment烟草生产和消费(01年大纲样题)1.现象/现状说明段The majority of people would agree that cigarette smoking has caused serious problems. But the tobacco companies insist that they contribute greatly to the world economy by paying taxes to the government and employing hundreds of workers.4.利弊说明段Personally, I believe that cigarette production and consumption threatens to do more harm than good. Firstly, smoking is responsible for many fatal diseases such as lung cancer, heart diseases and so on. According to the survey, tobacco consumers account for about 20% of the world population, and among them, three million people die from smoking-related diseases every year. The fact that the output of tobacco production is reduced from 143.64 billion pounds in 1994 to 142 billion pounds in 1995 also suggests that people have come to realize the negative effects of smoking. Secondly, tobacco consumption is extremely wasteful of money. As is indicated in the pictures, 200 billion US dollars is lost due to smoking each year. Obviously, the total loss of money around the globe substantially exceeds the gain in the industry.8.归纳结论段In conclusion, as the economic development aims at making our life better, we cannot sacrifice our health for short-term financial benefits. If we have to spend more and more money providing medical services for those who suffer from smoking-related illnesses, the notion of promoting economy via tobacco production is not justifiable. It is high time that we fought for the total tobacco ban.书信作文套句Dear Sir or MadamMr. Mrs. Miss. Ms.Yours sincerely, yours truthfully,Love,Yours affectionately,书信作文常用套句开头部分1：The time flies, we havent seen each other for a long time. All the things here are going on pretty well, I just miss you so much!时间过得很快，我们已经很久没见了。这里一切都好，就是很想你。2：It is so great to hear from you again. 能再次收到你的来信我很开心。3：Long time no see! 好久不见。4：I trust that everything is going smoothly for you.我相信你那里一切都好。5：It is a great pleasure for me to have this wonderful chance to put pen to paper and send greetings to you.很高兴我有这样的机会提笔给你写信，寄给你我的问候和祝福。中间部分：Give advice:In my humble opinion, you would be wise to take the following action:在下认为，如果你能采取以下措施，将是一种明智的选择。I hope you will not find it too forward for me to suggest that you请原谅我的直接，不过，希望你能_。In my experience, it seems that _ would make sense in your situation.从我的经验来看，针对你的情况，似乎_会有帮助。At the risk of overstepping my boundaries, allow me to suggest that you_。请原谅我的冒昧，不过我建议你_。论证部分From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.在我看来,支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理.I cannot entirely agree with the idea that我无法完全同意这一观点.Personally, I am standing on the side of 就个人而言,我站在的一边.I sincerely believe that 我真诚地相信In my opinion, it is more advisable to do than to do.在我个人看来,做比做更明智.Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why坦诚地说，最后，还有一个较为实际的原因，_。给出原因:This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons. First, Second, Third, 这一现象的存在是有许多原因的.首先, 第二, 第三, Why did ? For one thing For another. Perhaps the primary reason is为什么会? 一个原因是 令一个原因是或许其主要原因是.I quite agree with the statement that the reasons are chiefly as follows.我十分赞同这一论述,即,其主要原因如下:列出解决办法:Here are some suggestions for handling这是如何处理某事的一些建议.The best way to solve the troubles is解决这些麻烦的最好办法是People have figured out many ways to solve this problem.人们已找出许多办法来解决这个问题.批判错误观点和做法:As far as something is concerned 就某事而言,It was obvious that 很显然It may be true that but it doesnt mean that可能是对的,但这并不意味着It is natural to believe that, but we shouldnt ignore that 认为.是很自然的,但我们不应忽视.There is no evidence to suggest that 没有证据表明ComplainI am writing to express my dissatisfaction withat我写这封信是想告诉你们我对_不是很满意。I very much regret to have to inform you that很遗憾地通知你，_。I would like to draw the atte