Construction 建筑.doc

Construction 建筑General terms 一般词汇to build, to construct 建设,建筑,修建architecture 建筑学building 修筑,建筑物house 房子skyscraper 摩天大楼block of flats 公寓楼 (美作:apartment block)monument 纪念碑palace 宫殿temple 庙宇basilica 皇宫,教堂cathedral 大教堂church 教堂tower 塔,塔楼ten-storey office block 十层办公大楼column 柱colonnade 柱列arch 拱town planning 市政 (美作:city planning)building permission 营建许可证,建筑开工许可证greenbelt 绿地elevation 建筑物的三面图plan 设计图scale 比例尺to prefabricate 预制excavation 挖土,掘土foundations 基to lay the foundations 打地基course of bricks 砌好的砖列scaffold 脚手架scaffolding 脚手架Worker 工作人员promoter 创办人architect 建筑师quantity surveyor 施工技术员draftsman 绘图员civil engineer 道路工程师builder 建筑工人foreman 工头master builder 营造商,建筑工程队队长(master) bricklayer 泥瓦匠,砌砖工匠hodman, hod carrier 小工plasterer 抹灰工welder 焊工joiner 工匠electrician 电工glazier 玻璃工匠plumber 管道技工plumbers mate 管道工painter, decorator 油漆工crane driver 吊车司机Building materials 建材sand 沙cement 水泥mortar 灰泥plaster 石膏concrete 混凝土reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete 钢筋混凝土gravel 碎石brick 砖slate 石板marble 大理石beam 梁,木梁girder 钢梁corrugated iron 波状钢timber 木料,木材pipes 钢管wiring 电器设备Tools 工具wheelbarrow 手推车bucket, pail 桶ladder 手梯,高凳shovel 锹pickaxe, pickax 镐trowel 镘子float 托泥板plumb line 铅锤线spirit level 水平仪pulley 滑轮hammer 锤sledgehammer 长柄锤chisel 凿子cold chisel 錾子wire cutter, wire cutters 剪钳pliers 钳子pincers 夹钳spanner 扳子 (美作:wrench)(monkey) wrench, adjustable spanner 活络扳子screwdriver 螺丝刀,改锥circular saw 圆锯plane 刨子mallet 木槌Machines 机器steamroller 压路机bulldozer 推土机mechanical digger, excavator 挖掘机crane 吊车generator 电动机oxyacetylene torch 氧乙炔炬blowtorch 乙炔吹嘴power drill 机械钻tip lorry 翻斗车 (美作:dump truck)cement mixer, concrete mixer 水泥搅拌车,混凝土搅拌车Building 建筑物ground plan 平面图floor, storey 层ground floor 第一层 (美作:first floor)flat 套 (美作:apartment)stair well 楼梯间lift shaft 电梯,升降梯 (美作:elevator shaft)fire escape 防火梯staircase 楼梯lift 电梯 (美作:elevator)goods lift 公务电梯 (美作:freight elevator)central heating 暖气ventilation shaft 通风井air conditioning 空调air-conditioned 带空调的flooring (一块)地板floorboard 地板(总称)parquet 木条地板herringbone parquet 人字形木条地板tile 瓷砖terrazzo 磨石子地wall 墙main wall 承重墙partition wall 隔断墙plastering 抹灰skirting board 壁脚板to whitewash 粉刷facade 建筑物正面window 窗basement 地下室penthouse 遮檐,披屋attic, garret 阁楼kitchen 厨房dining room 饭厅living room 起居室lounge 吸烟室,大厅bathroom 浴室toilet 卫生间