初一下模块1--12重点短语句型及词汇辨析.doc

重点短语 句型MODULE 11. listen (to) 听（强调动作） hear 听见（强调结果）I listened carefully but I heard nothing. 我仔细听但什么也没听到。2. We are on a school trip. 我们在参加学校郊游。3. What are the others doing? 其他人在干什么？4. lie in the sun / on the beach躺在沙滩上5. send sb. a postcard 寄给某人一张明信片 send sth. to sb. = send sb. sth. (give同前)6. enjoy the school trip 非常喜欢学校郊游7. buy some presents = shop for presents 买礼物 buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth. go shopping for presents 去买礼物8. see friends 看望朋友9. enjoy sth. 喜欢某物 enjoy oneself = have a good/ great time enjoy/ like doing sth. 喜欢做某事10. Take sth./sb. to some place 把某物/人带到某地 take away 拿走11. at this/the moment=now 此时此刻 （现在进行时）12. in different places 在不同的地方 (比较the same) be different from the same as 13. do different things 做不同的事情14. leave work 下班 be at work 上班 He is at work. = He is working.15. wait for buses 等公共汽车 16. run for trains 跑去乘火车17. have afternoon tea 喝下午茶; have a drink 喝酒 18. go to the opera 去听歌剧19. watch a ballet 看芭蕾 20. get/be dressed 穿衣；打扮 21. call home 给家里打电话 call sb. = give sb. a call= phone sb. 22. greetings from 来自的问候 23. talk on ones phone 用某人的手机打电话24. take photos / pictures 拍照25. be at home 在家26. look at 看27.good night 晚安28.See you later/soon 再见29.get up起床30. 现在进行时的构成：be动词+ 动词的现在分词31. another, the other, others, the others 1) another 同类人或事物中的“另一个”；the other 两个人或事物中的“另一个” 2) others 其他的人或事物；the others 剩余的人式事物32. anyway 表示结束一个话题又接另一个话题33. Thanks (Thank you) for doing sth.34. hear from sb. 收到某人来信MODULE 21. What traditions do you have at the Spring Festival? 在春节你们有什么传统？2. lots of traditions 许多传统 3. clean the house 打扫房子 do some cleaning 打扫4. sweep away bad luck 扫走坏运 5. paint red 把涂成红色6. It means 它意味着 What does it mean? (meaning n.)7. decorate with 用装饰 8. have a haircut 剪头发9. everyone 后面谓语动词用单数：Everyone has a haircut.10. visit our family and friends 看望亲戚朋友11. at midnight 在半夜 (at noon= in the middle of day) 12. set off fireworks 放烟花 fireworks用复数13. bring sb. sth. bring sth. to sb. 给某人带来 bring back14. at night = in the night 在夜里15. get ready for sth./ doing (be ready for sth.) 为做准备 get sth.ready准备好sth16. sweep the floor 扫地 17. learn a dragon dance 学舞龙18. make lanterns 做灯笼 19.cook the meal 做饭 = do some cooking have dinner 吃饭20. be interested in sth. 对某物感兴趣 be interested in doing sth. 对做某事感兴趣21.Whats happening?发生了什么事儿？ sth happen to sb 某事发生在某人身上22.put on 穿/ 戴上某物 （强调动作）wear 穿着/ 戴着某物 （强调状态）dress sb. 给某人穿衣服23.all the year round 一年到头24. too, either, also 也 too置于句末，用逗号隔开 either置于否定句句末，用逗号隔开 also常置于句中，be动词之后，实义动词之前25. help sb (to) do sth help sb with sth 26. with the help of 在的帮助下MODULE 31. check my email 查收我的邮件 2. get up early 起早 3. have a picnic 野餐 4. go to a party 去参加聚会 at the party 在聚会上 5. revise / review for my test 复习准备考试 （为考试而复习） revise sth = go over sth 复习6. stay in bed 呆在床上 7. at a friends home 在朋友家 8. take the plane to=go to sw. by plane乘飞机去/ take the plane from to乘飞机从到9. walk up the Great Wall 登上长城 10. make friends with.和交朋友 11. stay in a hotel呆在酒店里 12. What are your plans (for holiday)? （同义句） What are you going to do? 13. look forward to sth/ doing sth.We are looking forward to the Spring Festival. We are looking forward to going to Guilin.14. cook 厨师 （名词）cook sth. for sb. cook sb. sth.15. How do you get （from） Shantou to Xiamen? By bus.16. Why + 一般疑问句？用because来回答。 I am late because my bike is broken. 17. in the morning on Sunday morning具体到某一天用on on a hot afternoon on the evening of my birthday 有描述词用on18. go shopping 去购物 go cycling 去骑自行车 go sightseeing 去观光 do some sightseeing 游览 go out 外出19. at the weekend 在周末 on weekdays 在平日20. listen to music 听音乐21. have an English lesson 上英语课22. be going to +动词原形 表示自己打算或计划做某事.Im going to do my homework this evening. Its going to rain tomorrow. Its going to be rainy tomorrow. There is going to be rain/ snow/wind（名词）23. Would you like to come? = Do you want to come? 你愿意来吗？24. Why not do sth？= Why dont you do sth. ? 何不干某事？（表建议）MODULE 41. study at home 在家学习 2. do the dull jobs 做枯燥的工作 do heavy work 干重活 3. three days a week 一周三天 4. long holidays 长假 5. free time空闲时间 be free to do sth. free adj.免费的6. get warm 变暖 7. by email 通过电子邮件的方式 8. on the computer on TV on the radio9. Im not sure. 我不确信。10. in the future在将来11. cell/mobile phone移动电话/手机12. The teachers wont write on a blackboard with chalk. The teachers wont use chalk to write on a blackboard.13. do sth. with sth. （with 使用有形的工具或器官） = use sth. to do sth. 用来做某事 We will use the sun to heat our homes. We will heat our homes with the sun. 14. Flying will be very cheap. flying为动名词，作主语。 家庭供暖将会很便宜。 Heating homes will be cheap. It will be cheap to heat homes.打篮球是我最喜欢的运动。 Playing basketball is my favourite sport. 15. will/wont 动词原形 They will play football. will be 形容词 It will be cool in summer. There will be名词 There will be rain tomorrow. There will be a big bridge over the river. 16. My dream school will have big classrooms. （同义句） There will be big classrooms in my dream school. In my dream school there wont be any teachers. will 可以用be going to 代替，但be动词要根据单复数来变化。There are going to be big classrooms in my dream school. There is going to be a big classroom in my dream school. 17. Its going to rain this afternoon. Its going to be rainy this afternoon. （但只有there be 句型除外，be后跟名词。）18. chalk 不可数名词 一支粉笔 a piece of chalk19. heavy rain大雨 strong winds 大风/强风20. care for.= look after= take care of照顾 21. talk to /with和某人交谈 talk about谈论某事MODULE 51. hundred, thousand, million, billion 修饰(n.)时，前面有具体数字，不用(pl.)；无具体数字时，(pl.) + of 表示难以计数。seven million millions of Americans2. answer some questions for my homework 为我的作业回答一些问题3. Whats the population of ? 某地人口是多少？ 形容人口多用 big 或 large Whats its population?4. Shanghai has 13 million people. Shanghai is a city with a population of 13million.The population of Shanghai is 13 million seven million.It has a population of 13 million people. 5. be famous for 以而出名 be famous as 作为而出名6. in the east/south/west of 在的东、南、西（内部）上海在中国的东部。 Shanghai is in the east of China.7. 问天气：Whats the weather like? / Hows the weather?8. on the coast 在海岸线上 （山、河、湖、海的专有名词前要加the）9. Its never very hot in the summer or very cold in the winter.10. with带有，有 Beijing is a city with lots of old buildings.11.something wrong一些错误的东西12. be busy (in) doing sth 忙于做某事 be busy at / with sth 忙于某事13the capital of 的首都14.the answer to the question这个问题的答案15. 数词 + 量词(pl.) + adj.（作表语） 1.9 metres tall/high 31 years old 4 meters wide 3 meters long 7 meters heavy 16. 方位介词in， on， to e.g. China is in the east of Asia. （表示包含在一范围内） China is on the south of Russia. （表示两地点相接壤） China is to the west of Japan. （表示两地点不相邻）17. The buildings in New York are taller than the buildings in Washington D.C. the buildings 可用those代替，当前面为不可数名词或可数名词的单数时，则用that代替同一性质的事物。MODULE 61. 反义词：dangerous 危险的- safe 安全的 danger / safety n.difficult 难的- easy 容易的 exciting 激动人心的- boring 枯燥的expensive 昂贵的- cheap 便宜的 popular 受欢迎的- unpopular 不受欢迎的 relaxing 放松的- tiring 累人的 badly(worse, worst) 坏地- well(better, best) 好地carefully 认真地- carelessly 粗心地 late 晚- early 早loudly 大声地- quietly 安静地2. be good at sth. 擅长某事 be good at doing sth. 擅长做某事例如：我哥哥擅长篮球。 My brother is good at basketball.我哥哥擅长打篮球。 My brother is good at playing basketball.be good for对 有好处3. What Olympic sports do you like? Football is my favourite sport.Why do you like it? I like it because its exciting4. 位移动词(come, go, begin, start, leave)用现在进行时表示将来时。如：她将去学校。She is going to school. She is leaving for school.5. 在每周六上午九点半 at 9:30 am every Saturday6. 早到这儿 get here early 晚到那儿 arrive there late 到达： arrive at (小) arrive in (大) reach+地点 get to 7. Its +adj. + to do sth. 学习英语很难。Its very difficult to learn English.8. 对某人讲得又慢又大声 speak slowly and loudly to sb（宾格）slowly 和loudly为副词，副词修饰动词。9. 需要做某事need to do sth. 我们需要每天打扫教室。We need to clean the classroom every day.想要做某事want to do sth. = would like to do sth.我们想要打篮球。We want to play basketball.10. No one 谓语动词用单数。如：没人要踢足球。 No one wants to play football.11. Its +物性形容词 +(for sb.) to do sth. 对他来说学习数学很简单。 Its very easy for him to learn math.12. work hard 努力学习/工作 （这里 hard 就是副词） speak English well 这里 well 就是副词13. do some sightseeing 游览 go sightseeing 去观光14. 带某人参观 show/take sb. around 15. 将持续到 will continue/last until 16. He needs to learn English quickly. How does he need to learn English?17. She likes running and she likes cycling, too. = She likes running and she also likes cycling. also放在实义动词前，be动词和情态动词后。18. 我不喜欢迟到。I dont like to be late. be late for+n. 迟到19. 我不喜欢跑步和骑自行车。 I dont like running or cycling.20. so 因此；所以 在英语句子中不能与because同时用 如：我饿了，所以想去买点吃的。 Im hungry so Im going to buy some food. 21. more （形容词或副词）原级比较级 more popular more exciting more dangerous more tired more quickly22. much, a little, even （形容词或副词）比较级 much bigger, much better, much more popular Pan Changjiang is funnier than Yao Ming. 句子中有than，要用比较级比较级规则变化口诀：比较级，要变化，一般词尾加er。(long-longer)词尾若有哑音e, 直接加r就可以。(nice-nicer) , 重读闭音节， 单辅音字母要双写。(hot-hotter)辅音字母若加y, 记得把y变为i。(happy-happier)23be popular with受的欢迎24. leave for a place :去往某地25. 坐在黑板前sit in front of the blackboard 在教室后面at the back of the classroom MODULE 71. the longest journey 最长的旅程2. 1）用by 直接加交通工具单数 by bike/ bus/ train 2）用in/on 加冠词或物主代词加交通工具单数 in a car on the train/bus/plane/bike on foot 3）用动词 walk to ride a bike drive a car/bus take a bus/train/plane/ship3. get to school 到学校 get home/there/here 到家4. live farthest from the school 住得离学校最远 farthest 为副词，是far的最高级，可省略the， 形容词最高级前面一定要加the5. the ( best）way to sw. 去的（最好）方式 6. the most dangerous way 最危险的方式7. be closest to sw. 离最近 close to= near=next to8. take a train to sw. 乘火车去 9. the fastest train 最快的火车10. fromto 从到 11. in eight minutes 八分钟后 （将来时）12. the same 相同的 the same school 相同的学校13. take (sb.) some time by 乘花时间 take ten minutes by car 乘汽车花十分钟14. more than = over 超过，多于15. one of the busiest international airlines 最繁忙的航线之一16. a distance of kilometres 公里的距离 17. in nine and a half hours 在九个半小时后(nine and a half hours = nine hours and a half)18. buy a ticket at the bus stop 在汽车站买票 19. millions of Americans 上百万美国人20. A taxi from Shanghai to the airport is cheaper than the train for two people.对两个人来说从上海到机场乘出租车比乘火车便宜。21. British Airways uses the Boeing 747 for long journeys. 英国航空公司使用波音747进行长途飞行。(划线the Boeing 747用which提问)22. The Boeing 747 travels longer than other planes.23. I like to travel by bus because its safer than going（动名词）by car.24. from one place to another 从一个地方到另一个地方25. The cheapest way is by bus. 不能说：By bus is theway.26. travel to school 去上学 go to work 去上班27. Who travels (the 可省略) farthest to school? 28. Who has the longest journey?29. How interesting is the journey from to by train？ （问interesting的程度） The journey from toby train is the most interesting way.30. Whats the most expensive way to travel? By plane.31. bus stop 公共汽车站 ferry terminal 客运码头32. be crowded with 挤满MODULE 81. my/ my parents / sbs past life 某人的过去生活 2. be born 出生 3. the name of - 的名字 4. What +be +sb. +like? 某人的性格怎么样？What + does + sb + look like? 只询问某人的外貌特征。5. be friendly to sb. 对某人友好 6. be strict with sb. / in sth. 对某人要求严格7.on the east coast of America 在美国东海岸8. lots of things 许多事情 There are lots of things to do in Shantou.9. visit their old family houses 参观他们的故居10. with 带有 He likes the house with a garden. a pond with fish in it 里面有鱼的池塘11. on my bedroom walls 在我卧室的墙上12. the last time I was there 我在那儿的最后一次 (be the first to do)13. one day 有一天 （将来时或过去时）14. Was anyone famous born there? 有名人出生在那吗？anyone为不定代词，谓语动词用单数，形容词放在不定代词后。 There is nothing new in todays newspaper.15. I know what he does. 我知道他是干什么的。动词know后的句子为宾语从句，语序要用陈述语序。She asked where she was. The teacher asked who had a pen.16. Tony was born in England. Tony wasnt born in England. Was Tony born in England? Yes, he was. / No, he wasnt. They were naughty. They werent naughty. Were they naughty? Yes, they were. No, they werent.17take a bus/ train/ plane/ ship to= go to by bus/train/ plane/ ship= go to .on a bus/ train/ plane/ ship 乘车/火车/飞机/轮船去 drive a car= go to by car/ in a car 开车去 ride a bike to= go to by bike/ on the bike 骑车去 walk to= go to on foot 步行去18.primarry school小学19.living room起居室20.go back回去21. Mr. 先生 Mr. 太太（已婚） Ms. 女士（不知婚否） Miss 小姐（未婚） MODULE 91. once upon a time 从前 2. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 decide not to do sth.3. go for a ride / walk / swim 去兜风/散步/游泳 4. in the forest 在森林里5. pick flowers 摘花 pick up sth. 捡起/拿起某物 pick it/ them up6. be(get) lost/ lose ones way= be missing 迷路 She is always lost in Beijing.7. look around+sb.（宾）看某人的四周 look around her/me /him8. notice sth. 注意到某物notice sb do / doing sth e.g. He noticed a man standing there. (see / hear / watch/ find sb do / doing sth)9. hurry to + sw. = go to sw. in a hurry 急忙去某地He hurried to school without having breakfast. hurry to do匆忙去做某事10. knock on / at the door 敲门11. open 开着的adj. closed 关着的adj. The door is closed, but the window is open. open 打开； 经营 He opened the door and its open now.12. enter + sth.= walk into/go into/come into+ sth.进入 They entered/went into the building.13. finish sth. She finished the food soon. finish doing sth. She has to finish doing her homework now.14. She counted three bowls. 她数了数有三只碗。 count from 1 to 100 15. rush out of + sw. 冲出某地 He rushed out of the school and rode a bike to home.16. do/ try (tried) to do sth. 尽力做某事 try sth. 试某物 try it/ them on17. destroyed sth. 毁坏了某物 18. walk into the bedroom 走进卧室19. very soon 不久； 很快 20. be asleep（形容词）= be sleeping（动词）1) sleep (v./n.) 2) sleeping (adj.) 睡着的（在句中当定语） 3) asleep (adj.) 睡着的（在句中当表语） be / fall asleep 4) sleepy (adj.) 困倦的，想睡觉的 21.be in pieces 成了碎片 22. at first 起初 at the beginning of 23. point at / to 指着24. Theres the naughty girl. 倒装句，原句为：The naughty girl is there. 有一个淘气的女孩。There is a naughty girl.25. open ones eyes 睁开眼睛26. be around sb. 在某人周围 The students are around the teacher. 27. jump out of bed and hurry out of the house 跳下床匆忙冲出房子28. without sth. 没有某物 with (opposite) He went to school without his bag. without doing sth. 没有做某事 She left without saying a word.without anything= with noting29. return to sw. = go / come back to sw. 返回某地 return= give back to 归还 return sth. (to) = bring / give / put / send sth back (to ) return sb sth30. 讲故事的顺序：First Next Then Finally31. and 前后的时态要一致 He entered the house and sat down.32. the food in the big bowl 大碗里的食物 （介词短语作定语） the man under the tree 树下的那个男人 一般用which提问33. live in the forest 住在森林里34. answer the door 开门 I knocked on the door but nobody answered the door.35. all around/over the world 全世界36. tell sth. to sb. 或tell sb. sth. 告诉某人某事 tell a story tell stories 讲故事 tell children fairy tales 给孩子们讲童话故事37. again and again 一遍又一遍 38. begin with “ Once upon a time” 以“从前”开头39. change into 变成40. maybe = perhaps (adv.) 也许，大概 （表猜测，常放在句首或句末作状语） may be 也许（情态动词+动词原形，表猜测，放在主语之后作谓语） eg. Maybe you are right. = You may be right.每个模块后面的 Around the world的内容，要求理解，尤其是长句，能把单词正确排列成句子。 动词过去式的变化规则：书 151页 不规则动词的一般过去式： 书153页MODULE 101. listen to the radio 听收音机2. Teachers Day Womens Day Childrens Day New Years Day 3. 12个月份的拼写：January February March April May June July August September October November December4. start school 开始上学 start/begin to do sth. start doing sth. 开始做某事5. ride a bike to sw. 骑自行车去某地 go to sw. by bike walk to sw. 走着去某地 go to sw. on foot6. play computer games 玩电脑游戏7. we had games like chess. like (prep.) 像一样，例如 （反义词：unlike）play chess下象棋 8. watch movies/ films 看电影9. 英语人称顺序：你， 他/她， 我 （I 放在最后）10. visit sb. 看望某人 11. near the sea 在海边 on the beach 在海滩上12. travel by car/ train/ 乘旅行13. play the piano弹钢琴 14. decide to be a (an) 决定成为一名15. a writer of plays and poems 一位作家和诗人16. some of his (the) most famous plays 一些他的最著名的戏剧17. at school 在学校18. like watching plays 喜欢看戏剧 like doing sth. / like to do sth. 喜欢做某事19. finish school 完成学业/ 毕业 20. at the age of 在岁21. move to sw. 搬到某地 22. join a theatre company 加入一家剧团 1) join + 党派/ 团体 join the Party 入党 jion the league入团 join the army参军 join the football club参加足球俱乐部 2) join sb. in sth./ doing sth. 参与到与某人一起的行动中3) join in + 活动23. a successful actor 一名成功的演员 (success, successful, successfully, succeed)24. start writing plays开始写剧本 25. in many other languages 用许多其它的语言26. on of the most famous writers in the world 世界上最著名的作家之一27. The TV wasnt in colour. 电视不是彩色的。28. What games did you play? 你们玩什么游戏？29. like sth. a lot 非常喜欢某物 a lot = very much 非常30. on holiday 在假期，在度假31. He did his homework yesterday. He didnt do his homework yesterday. Did he do his homework yesterday? Yes, he did. / No, he didnt. 32. marry (v.) = g