Unit1ThelessTraveledPath.doc

Unit 1 The less Traveled Path Part 1 Tape scripts AMan 1 What makes me happy is slowing down. I think that we live in a very fast, speedyworld and we often forget to take stock and take time. Well, the problem -with happiness is of course that sometimes when you are happy, you are infected with the spirit of the fact that its going to stop, so sometimes you cant enjoy happiness because you know its going to end. Man 2 I think it is a very good thing to try and aim to be happy. Happiness is a difficult concept. Youre aiming for sort of contentment and satisfaction .with a few moments of joy. And for me, like most people actually, what the evidence tells you is its about having good relationships and making time for them, so Im never happier than when Im with my wife and child and also having fulfilling and satisfying work. Man 3 Again theres a wealth of evidence about this - above a certain point wealth and possessions dont contribute to happiness. Of course theres a minimum, if youve just lost your job and you cant pay the mortgage, youre going to be miserable. But above a certain level, and its actually relatively low in a society like ours, money doesnt actually buy happiness. B. Speaker 1 not remember very much about childhood / not very close / not talk very muchSpeaker 2 get on very well with mum / talk very openlySpeaker 3 (mum) always tell me to do this and do that / (father) let me do what I wantSpeaker 4- fond memories of childhood / seemingly spoil usTape scripts1. I dont remember very much about my childhood, actually. My wifes always asking me When you were a boy, did you use to . and I reply I dont know, I cant remember. We didnt . . . we didnt use to talk very much, we werent very close, or if we were, we didnt show it. I remember I used to have my hair cut every Friday. My father and I would go together. I had the shortest hair in the school. When theyd finished cuffing it, theyd burn the ends with a sort of candle. Oh Ill never forget that smell. 2. I got on very well with my mother. I used to tell her everything or nearly everything and shed talk to me very openly too. Sometimes shed say to me Dont go to school today. Stay with me. And wed go out shopping or something like that. 3. Im not a very tidy person, but my mothers very house-proud, so shes always telling me to pick things up and put them away and do this and do that. She goes on for hours about “Cleanliness is next to godliness.” My father isnt like that at all. He lets me do what I want. I think hes learned not to pay attention. 4. I have very fond memories of my childhood. To me it represented security. We used to do a lot together as a family. I remember walks, and picnics, and going for rides on a Sunday afternoon. Every Friday, when my father came home from work, he had a treat for each of us. My mother used to say he was spoiling us, but why not? It didnt do us any harm. C Tape scripts Man-M Woman-W M: Gee, I dont remember it being this small. I thought the room was a lot bigger. W: So did I. But itll be OK once we get the furniture in. Look, why dont we put the armchairs in front of the fireplace? M: Yeah. Um, maybe we should decide really where the bed goes first. It is the biggest piece of furniture, after all . . . W: Right. Well why dont we put the bed behind the door as you come in? M: Oh, yeah, thats a good idea. Um . we can put the bed in the corner. W: OK. Now, whats next? M: Well, how about the dresser? W: why dont we put it across from the fireplace in the corner next to the closet! Im going to put it there now. Why dont you help me? M: Why dont you move it and Ill just watch. W: Oh, yeah, right. Come on, lift your end. Now dont scratch the floor M: OK, but its heavy. W: whats in it? I thought you were supposed to empty out the drawers. M: Well, I didnt get around to that this morning . . . W: Ah . . . (Mm.) didnt get around to it . . . Let me see . . . How does that look? M: It looks good. W: Hmm, now, where do you want your desk? M: Well, how about in the far corner between the two windows? I mean, I need lots of light. W: Do you think itll fit there? M: Well, itll probably fit if w . . . we can put it diagonally. W: Oh, good idea. And then the chair can have its back to the fireplace.( Mm-hmm.)Yeah, I could live with that. All right, what about the bookcase? M: Well, how about on the far wall between those two windows, I guess, so itll be right near the desk? W: Yeah, yeah, good idea. All right, where do you think the TV should go? M: How about in the corner to the left of the fireplace, so we can watch it from the armchairs? And we can put the stereo next to the TV with, uh, the speakers on either side of the fireplace. W: Terrific! Now, let me see, what else is there? W: Well, theres the table lamp. W: Well, the table lamp should go on top of the dresser. Hold it a minute, Im . Im trying to find the outlet . You know, that really looks nice. M: Mm-hmm. Looking at the desk, though, I think I may need some more light to work. Well, I could buy a desk lamp. W: Good idea. You know, the place really looks good. M: Yeah. W: You want to put your books in the bookcase now, or do you want to wait for. Part II Opting for a slower pace of life in the 21st century Tape scripts A As you may have noticed life is fast-paced. We travel on bullet trains and jets. News comes to us at the speed of light. And with cell phones and the Internet and of course, fast food, most people rush through their days, trying to do more in less and less time. But not everyone. Some people are trying to slow down, and instead of racing through life, actually experience it. Journalist Carl Honor6 admits that not long ago his life was a breathless race with time. n the old days, when I was a speedaholic, if you like, my whole life was just a long list of things to do. To finish all those tasks, day after day, Mr. Honore says he became obsessed with saving time wherever he could . . . a minute here, a few seconds there. He says people usually dont realize that their whole life has turned into an exercise in hurry up until they get a wake up call .and something stops them in their tracks. Mr. Honor6s wake up call came three years ago when he began reading bedtime stories to his3-year-old son. Id go into his room at the end of the night and I just couldnt slow down. Id be speed-reading The Cat in the Hat, which is ridiculous. I heard about a series of books called One-Minute Bedtime Stories, which is a horrible idea, but my first reaction was, What a great idea, I must get some. Thats when I caught myself, and I just thought No, this has gone too far. To improve the quality of life, Mr. Honors says, people need to embrace what he calls the philosophy of slow. I think that one of the cultural assumptions we make nowadays is that slow is bad and that slowing down means being lazy or unproductive or giving up. But the opposite is true. Now, more than ever in this high-tech 24/7 technology-drenched society, we need moments of slowness. When you work more slowly you actually work better, your productivity goes up. So you know, sometimes you have to go fast at work. People need to do things at the right speed. They need to re-learn the lost art of shifting gears. B Tape scripts The philosophy of slow is a worldwide phenomenon, and a variety of slow movements are redefining our relationship with time. One of those groups is Slow Food. Makale Faber is spokeswoman for its US chapter, The organization has always been kind of against the spread of the fast food culture around the world. But its more than just the food. We really kind of educate consumers about how foods are related to culture. Its also about this industrial life, which you know, has changed the culture of many work places. People are multi-tasking, doing several jobs at once, not being able to take time to have lunch during their workday or vacations. Slow Food now has 1.3,000 members in the United States and more than 80,000 in 60 countries around the world. Other organizations in the movement focus on business, exercise or product design. One design that reflects slowness is a line of products called Broken White by Dutch industrial designer Simon Heijdens. Its actually a set of dinner dishes, white ceramic dishes. They appear to be just white plates, bowls and mugs, but over the course of their use they begin to develop these very small cracks. And as they continue to be used, the cracks reveal themselves to be floral patterns, which you might find on your grandmothers china. And so you have a stronger attachment to those products. And youre less likely to dispose of them because they are actually carrying an expression of your relationship with them. With the slow movement now spreading across the globe, In Praise of Slowness author Carl Honord says he hopes the worlds hurry-up, impatient lifestyle will start to relax. However, he acknowledges that slowing down is not something people can do quickly . and, with all he pressure on us to go even faster, its not always easy. But, he says, its worth the effort. Part III Family A.The FamilyI. Functions of familyA. Providing necessities of lifeB. Offering affectionate joysC. Raising children to adulthoodD. Giving protection in times of emergencyII Patterns of familyA. Extended family - uncles, aunts, cousins and in-lawsB. Nuclear family - a husband, wife and their childrenC. Polygamous household- a husband, several wives and their childrenD. Divided residence - husband and wife living separately with children raised by mothers brotherE. Nayar way of living - brothers and sisters and sisters childrenF. Communal living group- persons not biologically relatedIII Factors influencing family structureA. Economic conditionse.g. No aid from society or state - extended familyB. Industrialization and urbanizatione.g. Creation of many specialized jobs - nuclear familyC. Inheritance customse.g. 1. Property inherited by eldest son2. Property inherited by all of sons Tape scripts: Throughout history the basic unit of almost every human society has been the family. The members of the family live together under the same roof, they share the economic burdens of life as well as its affectionate joys, and it is the family which has primary responsibility for the important task of raising children to adulthood.The family is not a uniform concept in all societies. In many places it is an extended group which includes uncles, aunts, cousins and in-laws. The family head usually has considerable influence in arranging marriages, selecting careers and determining all important moves and purchases by any member of the family. Particularly in conditions where society or the state does not give aid and where consequently the responsibilities of the family are greater, this larger group provides better protection in times of economic or other emergency.In many other societies, including most industrialized ones, the nuclear family is the basic social unit. This term refers to a husband and wife united through marriage and their dependent children, whether natural or adopted. Industrialization and urbanization create many specialized jobs which tend to scatter family members among different employers and thus to separate residences as soon as they become wage earners. The small family, which has only one - or if the wife works also, two-employed members, is better able to adapt to rapid change and to move when the job moves.The nuclear family is almost universal and the nuclear group of father, mother and their children is recognized even when it is part of an extended family. There are cases, however, which strain the definition. Polygamy, for example, brings several wives and their children into the picture. But polygamous households are not common in any society. More difficult to explain are the cases of divided residence. Among the Ash