宾语从句 讲解和练习.doc

宾语从句讲解和练习（附答案人教版）人教版中考英语之 宾语从句1. 宾语从句：在句中作宾语，由连词连接主句和从句，下列句中划线部分是宾语从句 例：He didnt know who the man was. 他不知道那个男人是谁？2. 限制宾语从句的连接词有三点要注意 宾语从句是陈述句意思，用that作连词，that可以省略 例：He said that he was waiting for a bus. 他说他正在等一辆公共汽车。 宾语从句是一般疑问句的意思，则用if和whether作连词 例：I dont know if（或whether） he will come. 我不知道是否他将会来？ 宾语从句是特殊疑问句的意思，用疑问词作连词 例：I dont know what he will buy. 我不知道他将买什么？（what作连词） Jim knew how many people they visited. Jim 知道他们邀请了多少人。(how many people作连词）3. 限制宾语从句的语序只有一点：宾语从句中，主语要在前，谓语在后 例：Do you know whose watch it is ? 你知道是谁的手表吗？（主语it在前，谓语is在后） Do you know who is reading in the room?你知道是谁正在房间里读书吗？（主语who在前，谓语is reading在后）4. 限制时态有三点 如果主句是一般现在时，一般将来时，或现在完成时，宾语从句可以根据实际的情况用任何时态 例：Do you know what he did yesterday?（时间是yesterday，宾语从句用一般过去时） 你知道昨天他做了什么吗？ 如果主句是过去时态，则从句只能用过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时，都是过去的时态） 例：The teacher wanted to know why Jim was late for school yesterday.（宾语从句是一般过去时） 老师想知道，吉姆昨天为什么迟到了。 He said that he had bought a book already. （宾语从句是过去完成时） 他说他已经买了一本书。 如果宾语从句指的是客观真理，格言，解释科技内容或强调现在的事实，必须用一般现在时 例：He knew that the sun rises in the east. （太阳在东边升起是客观真理，宾语从句用一般现在时） 他原来就知道太阳从东边升起。5. 如果主句主语是第一人称，且动词是believe和think时，则常常在主句否定，而不在从句否定 例：I think you are right. 我认为你对。 I dont think you are right. 我认为你不对。6. 下列三个划线的句子意思相同，在宾语从句中，语序不变 例：I dont know what is wrong with Jim? 我不知道Jim有什么不舒服？ = I dont know what is the matter with Jim? = I dont know what is the trouble with Jim?7. if和whether的意思相同，表示“是否”：下列情况只用whether，不用if 放在不定式前 例：Please tell us whether to go or stay. 请告诉我们是走还是留。 句中有or或or not时 例：I wonder whether Ill catch the last bus or not. 我想知道是否我会赶上最后一班公共汽车。8. 感叹句如何放在宾语从句中例：How excited the boys are! We know how excited the boys are. 我知道孩子们是多么兴奋。9. 注意下列常用句型的主语和谓语。The boy is at home.主语 连系动词 表语 （is和 at home一起做谓语）The boy cleans the room every day. （The boy 是主语；cleans是谓语）The boy doesnt clean the room every day. （The boy 是主语；doesnt clean 是谓语） Does the boy clean the room every day? (the boy 是主语；Does 和clean一起构成谓语)What does the boy do every day? (the boy 是主语；does 和do一起构成谓语) They can finish the work on time. （They是主语；can finish 是谓语）They are watching TV now. （They 是主语；are watching 是谓语）They will have a party tomorrow. （They是主语；will have 是谓语）She has found her pen. （She 是主语；has found 是谓语）宾语从句巩固练习：把下列直接引语变为间接引语1. Jim said to Mary, “I watch TV every day.”Jim told Mary _.2. Jim asked Jenny, “Do you often clean your room?”Jim asked Jenny _.3. Tom asked Mary, “What time do you play chess every day?”Tom asked Mary _.4. Tom said to Mary, “Open the window, please.”Tom told Mary _.单项选择：1. Do you know _ for Shanghai last night? -At 9:00.A. what time he leaves B. what time does he leave C. what time he left D. what time did he leave2. The boys asked _.A. when could they go B. what they would do next C. where they will go D. how did they get there3. Please tell me _. I have some good news for him.A. where Robert lives B. where does Robert live C. where Robert lived D. where did Robert live4. You are growing so fast. Can you tell me _ now?A. how fast are you B. how fast you are C. how tall are you D. how tall you are5. May I come in? Im sorry I am late. -Come in, please. But could you please tell me _?A. why you are late again B. what were you doing thenC. who you talked with D. how do you come to school6. While flying， a bat（蝙蝠） makes a sound which hits things and comes back to its ears. In this way its able to know _ the things are and avoid（避免） bumping into（撞到） them.A. how B. where C. what D. which7. Excuse me, but may I ask you _?A. what business are you in B. what business youre inC. in what business are you D. are you in what business8. Why did Miss Wang look so worried when we saw her? -Because she wondered _.A. where did the other students go B. when would the policeman comeC. what her students have done during the trip D. if her students had survived（幸存下来） the earthquake9. Do you know _? -Sorry, I dont know.A. where does Jimmy work B. where Jimmy works C. how does Jimmy go to work D. what does Jimmy do10. Excuse me, could you tell me _? -Certainly. Go straight ahead and youll see it on your left.A. where the post office is B. when you will visit the museumC. where is the post office D. when will you visit the museum.11. Alice, I hear there is a new library in your city. Could you tell me _? -Sure.A. how far is it B. how I can get there C. where is it D. which bus should I take12. He asked me _ we could go to Beijing to watch the game by plane.A. that B. if C. how D. what13. The shop assistant said he knew _.A. where does the manager（经理） live B. where the manager livesC. where did the manager live D. where the manager lived14. Sorry, I dont know what the teacher said just now. -He asked Maria _.A. how long she usually spends on her homework B. what she was doing these daysC. why didnt Mike come to the meeting yesterday D. when the speech will begin15. Im a teenagers mother. Sometimes I dont know _. -Love and understanding.A. what my son needs most B. what does my son want to get C. why my son gets annoyed very often16. Have you decided _ the children in the poor area? -By sending them books and schoolbags.A. how you will help B. what you will give C. when will you call D. how much will you send17. I wonder _.A. how much cost these shoes B. how much these shoes costC. how much do these shoes cost D. how much are these shoes cost18. Could you tell me _? -He is an actor. A. who he is B. what is he C. what he does19. My friend wanted to know _ with his new car.A. what wrong is B. what is wrong C. what wrong was D. what was wrong20. Mom wanted to know _ last weekend.A. what Amy does B. what does Amy do C. what Amy did D. what did Amy do21. The plane hasnt arrived yet. Could you tell me _?A. why the plane is late B. how is the plane late C. when will the plane arrive D. that the plane arrives22. Can you tell me _ from here? -About three miles.A. how far it is B. how much it is C. how far is it D. how much is it23. Could you please tell me _? -I live in Wuhan, Hubei.A. where do you live B. if you live in Enshi C. where you live D. where you were born24. You must remember _.A. what your father said B. what did your father say C. your father said what25. My physics teacher said that light _ faster than sound. A. travel B. travels C. traveled26. Do you know _ now? -In the Peoples Hotel.A. where is Tom working B. where did Tom work C. where Tom is working D. where Tom worked27. Can you guess _ the MP4 player yesterday? -Sorry. Ive no idea about it.A. how much did he pay for B. how can he get C. how much he paid for D. how he has got28. Theres a red car parking in our neighborhood. Do you know _ it is?A. what B. who C. whose D. whom29. I wonder _ without water.A. how long man can live B. how long can man live C. when man can live D. when can man live30. Could you tell me _?A. where can I park the car B. what are you looking forC. how do you send an e-mail D. who saved my daughter31. The summer holiday is coming. Have you decided _ ?-Im planning to go to Hawaii（夏威夷）, the most wonderful place for water sports.A. when youre going to enjoy it B. how often are you going to enjoy it C. where youre going to enjoy it32. Did Mr. White tell you _ ? -Yes. He said he went there in 2003.A. when he traveled to Tibet（西藏） B. how he goes to WuhanC. where he spent his holidays D. why did he visit Kunming33. Excuse me. Could you tell me _ later on? -Wait a minute. It is coming in ten minutes.A. if the next train arrives B. if the next train will arriveC. when the next train arrives D. when will the next train arrive34. Could you tell me _? -By underground.A. how did you come here B. how you came here C. when did you come here D. when you came here35. He asked me _.A. if she will come B. how many books I want to haveC. they would help us do it D. what was wrong with me36. Do you know _ ? -He has gone to the museum.A. where he lives B. where he is C. how he is getting on D. whats wrong with him37. What did your teacher say just now? -He asked me _ this morning.A. how did Tom come to school B. when Tom got to school C. why was Tom late for school38. Mrs. Brown couldnt find her purse（钱包）. She didnt remember _.A. whose it was B. where it was C. what it was D. when it was39. I hear that Yi Zhongtian will come to Shanghai and give a talk. -Really? Do you know _?A. what will he talk about B. where will he give a talk C. how will he come D. when he will arrive40. Excuse me, could you tell me _? -Theres a bank on the second floor. You can make it there.A. where I can change money B. how I can get to the bankC. if theres a bank near here D. where the bank is41. What did you say to your mother just now? -I asked her _ she cooked for dinner.A. that B. if C. how D. what42. Could you tell me_ for the meeting yesterday? -Because the traffic was bad.A. why did you come late B. why you came late C. why do you come late D. why you come late43. Id like to know _. A. if will he pass the exam B. if has he passed the exam C. if he has passed the exam44. Do you remember _ he came here? -Of course I do. His father drove him here.A. whether B. when C. how D. why45. Paul, I hear you have just bought a very expensive MP4. I want to know _. -Oh, in Japan.A. how much it costs B. where you bought it C. which country is it made in46. Did you know _ at the bus stop? -Maybe their teacher.A. who are they waiting for B. whom they are waiting for C. whom they were waiting for47. I didnt understand _, so I raised（举起） my hand to ask.A. what my teacher says B. what does my teacher say C. what my teacher said D. what did my teacher say48. Could you please tell me_? -Bus No 32 will take you right there.A. where is Shanghai Museum B. what Shanghai Museum is likeC. how can I get to Shanghai Museum D. which bus I shall take to Shanghai Museum.49. I dont know _ Tom will go or not. A. what B. whether C. how D. why50. What did the teacher say just now? -He said that the earth _ round the sun.A. go B. goes C. going D. will go51. I want to write to Sam, but I dont know _.A. where is his address B. where his address is C. what place is his address D. what his address is52. We can use QQ to talk with each other online. -Really? Could you please show me _ it?A. what to do B. how to do C. when to do D. why to do53. Please ask our aunt _.A. what is wrong with her B. where shall we live C. why she did that for D. what is her father54. Do you know _ an English movie tomorrow night?A. is there B. there is going to be C. there is going to have D. will there be55. Does anybody know if _ to Shenz