【步步高】高考英语总复习 Unit 4 Cyberspace同步导学 北师大版必修2(1).doc

【步步高】2015届高考英语总复习 unit 4 cyberspace同步导学 北师大版必修2.重点单词识记1likely /laikli/ adj.有可能的；adv.可能2concept /knsept/ n概念3chart /tt/ n表格，图表4focus /fks/ vi.集中注意5affect /fekt/ vt.影响6attack /tk/ n&vt.攻击，进攻7crash /kr/ vt.(汽车、飞机等)撞毁；坠毁8optimistic /ptimistik/ adj. 乐观的9obvious /bvis/ adj.明显的，显而易见的10project /prdekt/ n课题；方案；工程11fashion /fn/ n时髦，时尚12fancy /fnsi/ vt.想要做；幻想13reject /ridekt/ vt.拒绝；不接受14guide /aid/ n指南；导游，向导15view /vju/ n景色，风景；观点，看法16average /vrid/ adj.平均的；n.平均数17scenery /sinri/ n风景，景色 (总称)18reality /rilti/ n真实，现实realize vt.实现19growth /r/ n增长；生长grow v增长，生长；种植20entertainment /entteinmnt/ n娱乐；款待entertain vt.款待，招待；使娱乐21disappear /dispi/ vi.消失disappearance n消失appearance n出现；外表22harm /hm/ vt.&n.伤害，损害harmful adj.有害的harmless adj.没有危害的23scientific /saintifik/ adj.科学的science n科学scientist n科学家24suggestion /sdestn/ n建议，提议suggest vt.建议，提议25arrangement /reindmnt/ n安排，布置arrange vt.安排，布置26historical /histrikl/ adj.历史的，有关历史的historic adj. 历史上有名的(重要的)，有历史记载的27millionaire /miljne/ n百万富翁million n百万28tourism /trizm/ n观光，旅游tourist n游客29locate /lkeit/ vt.坐落于；位于location n场所，位置，所在地30settle /setl/ vi.定居settlement n(新)定居地31regular /rejl/ adj.定期的；有规律的regularly adv.定期地；有规律地32officially /fili/ adv.正式地；官方地official adj.官方的，官员的33attractive /trktiv/ adj.吸引人的，有魅力的attraction n魅力，吸引力attract vt.吸引；诱惑；引起注意.重点短语识记1think through仔细考虑；把想清楚2write down写下；记下3say.to oneself心里想；自忖4be optimistic/pessimistic about对乐观 (悲观)5find out发现；搞清楚，弄明白6take immediate action立即采取行动7look for a job找工作8get in touch取得联络9hang on别挂电话，稍等10be up to做，从事于11whats more况且，而且12in the flesh本人亲自13carry out experiments做实验14happen to发生到身上； (不好的事情)降临到15consist of由组成；包括16look forward to期待，期盼.经典原句默写与背诵1decoration is something pretty that you put onto something else in order to make it more attractive.装饰物就是为了让某物更加具有吸引力而放在上面的东西。2thats why i always carry an umbrella with me.那就是为什么我总是带一把伞的原因。3in 1983，there were only 200 computers connected to the internet.在1983年的时候，只有200台电脑与网络进行了链接。4it is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the internet.很显然，我们将会看到网上购物的巨大增长。5i have lots of work to do.我有很多活要干。6do you have anything planned for saturday and sunday?周六和周日你有计划好了的事情吗？7if we had virtual reality holidays，we wouldnt have any problems with the weather.如果我们过虚拟假期的话，就不会遇到天气的问题。8it is also the most exciting city in new zealand with people of many different cultures living there.由于很多不同文化的人居住在这里，所以它也是新西兰最令人兴奋的城市。9new zealand was the first country in the world to give the vote to women in 1893，to have old age pensions and the eighthour working day.新西兰是在1893年最早赋予女性投票权、拥有养老金和实施八小时工作制的国家。1obviously (明显地)，without the help of the whole society，there would be no new school today in the stricken areas.2the professor often guides (指导) us in our english learning.3i think the picture is telling us that there is usually a difference between ones dream and reality (现实)4and you are now collecting suggestions (建议)about whether to hold it in the museum or the art gallery.5he was praised for his proper arrangement (安排) on his study schedule.6not everyone is so optimistic (乐观的) about the plan.1 likely adj.有可能的；adv.(与most，very连用)可能be likely to do.可能做it is likely that.可能做it is possible (for sb.) to do.(某人)可能做it is possible that.可能it is probable that.可能not likely.不会；不可能。very likely hed told them he had american business interests.很可能他已经告诉他们自己拥有美国商业利益。mr. snowden is said to retain many more documents and it is quite likely that the snowden effect will remain the top tech industry news of 2014.据说斯诺登手里还有更多的文件，2014年斯诺登效应将很可能仍旧是科技行业的最大新闻。夯实基础(1)同义句改写they are likely to be fired by the company because of their fault.(用it作形式主语改写句子)it is likely that they will be fired by the company because of their fault.(2)一句多译他很有可能会赢得这场比赛。its very likely that he will win the game.he is very likely to win the game.2focus.on/upon.把集中于o focus使成为焦点in focus对准焦点；清晰out of focus没对准焦点；不清晰it shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of families，shouldering the hope of their parents.这表明现今社会的一个普遍现象：孩子是家庭的中心，承载着父母的希望。(2013福建书面表达)in pursuing a dream，we might focus on only one way of making it come true，forgetting that there may be alternatives.在追求梦想的过程中，我们可能仅仅集中于使梦想实现的一种方法上，而忘了还有另外的方法。(2011北京开放作文)however，interfax，the russian news agency，quoted an unnamed source as saying investigators were now focusing on a man.不过，俄罗斯国际文传电讯社(interfax)援引一位匿名消息人士的话称，调查人员正在追查一名男子。联想记忆表示“把集中于”的同义词组有：concentrate on，fix ones attention on，be lost in，be absorbed in，be buried in，be devoted to等。夯实基础(1)语法填空the relationship will be in focus today when monthly trade balance data are released.dont go too fast or youll get out of focus.bring the subject into focus if you want to have a good picture.(2)the old man stood there with his eyes focused on the picture (目光聚焦到那张画上)3be affected with high fever发高烧affect sb.to tears把某人感动得流泪have an effect on对有影响she was deeply affected by the news of his death.他去世的消息使她深感悲痛。夯实基础(1)用effect，affect填空the drug didnt affect his health；in fact，it seemed to have no effect at all.(2)with the governments aid，those affected by the earthquake (受到地震影响的) have moved to the new settlements.4do/cause harm to对造成伤害do sb.harmdo harm to sb.伤害某人；对某人有害mean no harm无恶意there is no harm in doing sth.做某事无害处be harmful to.对有害these days，breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon，causing serious harm to life and the environment.最近这段日子，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了极大的危害。(2013安徽书面表达)夯实基础(1)fruit juice can do/cause harm to(对造成损害) childrens teeth.(2)he means no harm(无恶意) by saying what he thinks，but people tend to be upset by it.5make a suggestion提建议at ones suggestion在某人的建议下suggest v.建议；暗示；表明suggest (sb.s) doing sth.建议(某人)做suggest sth.to sb.向某人建议某事it is suggested that.(should) do.提出建议someone suggested sending liu xiang to the us for treatment.有人建议送刘翔去美国治疗。he suggested that the work (should) be started at once.他建议立即动工。特别提醒(1)suggest作“建议”解，后接从句时要用虚拟语气；作“暗示；表明”讲时，引导的从句不用虚拟语气。(2)suggest后不接双宾语，可表达为suggest sth.to sb.或suggest to sb.that.。夯实基础用所给词的适当形式填空(1)his suggestion is that we (should) go (go) to watch the football match.(2)his accent suggests that he is (be) from sichuan.(3)bill suggested holding (hold) a meeting on what to do for the shanghai expo during the vacation.(4)what a mistake!yes.i had suggested his doing (do) it another way，but without success.6 make arrangements/an arrangement for.为做安排arrange v.安排；筹备(plan or organize)；整理；排列；布置(put.in order),arrange (for) sth.安排某事arrange to do sth.安排做某事arrange with sb.to do sth.与某人安排好做某事arrange for sb.to do sth.安排某人做某事have you arranged to meet mark this weekend?你安排好周末与马克会面了吗？the international olympic committee stressed it remained confident that russias security arrangements would protect the olympic winter games.国际奥委会强调其仍有信心认为，俄罗斯方面的安保措施将能够保护冬奥会的安全。特别提醒不能说arrange sb.to do sth.，且arrange后跟that从句时，从句中用虚拟语气(should) be。夯实基础(1)i hear that you will be on travel again.yeah.my boss arranged for me to discuss business details (安排我讨论商业细节) with someone from another company.(2)同义句改写he arranged for the meeting to be put off for a week.(改为复合句)he arranged that the meeting (should) be put off for a week.7 settle down稳定；定居；坐下；平静下来settle down to开始专心做(to是介词)settle in定居；习惯于；适应settle on/upon决定；选定but he finally settled on literature，particularly drama and poetry.但是，他最终决定(选择)文学，侧重于戏剧和诗歌。they settled down to a serious discussion over coffee.他们喝着咖啡，开始认真讨论问题。夯实基础(1)同义句改写they finally settled to buy the car.(用动名词改写句子)they finally settled on buying the car.(2)every time he had a chance，he would talk about the great difficulty he had settling in the new country (在这个新的国家定居)8 average adj.平均的； 普通的(normal)；典型的(typical)；n.平均数；平均水平；v.平均为；计算出的平均数(be equal to.as an average)an average of.的平均数up to the average接近一般水准above/below average高于/低于平均水平on (the/an) average平均地；通常；按平均值take the average of those ratios and multiply by a hundred.算出那些比率的平均值再乘以100。american shares rose，on average，by 38%.美国股票价格平均上涨了38%。夯实基础(1)on (an)average (通常)we would be spending 300 per day.(2)teachers usually like students，whose schoolwork is above average (在平均水平以上)cut off，consist of，whats more，be up to，take immediate action，find out，think through，hang on 1find out what makes you happy.2hang onill just see if hes here.3our water supply has been cut off.4she learns quickly，and whats more，she remembers what she has learnt.5our life groups consist of more than 30 members.6they discussed whether they should take immediate action.7id like to think well be up to the challenges.8before you start to change your habit，think through your motivations.1 be in touch (with)(和有)接触，联络keep/get in touch (with)保持联络；不落后lose (be out of) touch with和失去(中断)联系， 对的情况生疏touch on谈及；提及keeping in touch with our friends is an important part of friendship.和朋友们保持联系在友谊中很重要。his talk did not touch on the housing problem.他的谈话没有提及住房问题。夯实基础(1)he didnt touch on (没有提到)the issue of immigration.(2)its rather hard to keep in touch with (不落后于) the latest technology.2 hang on不挂断；稍等(hold on)；(to)紧紧握住(hold tightly)；坚持，不放弃(continue doing，not give up)hang out逗留；闲荡hang ones head(因羞愧)低下头hang back退缩；踌躇不前hang up(on sb.)(对某人)挂断电话get/have the hang of sth.学会做某事的技巧can you hang on for a minute?你能不能稍等一会儿？the president has been trying hard to hang on to power.总统一直在设法抓住权力不放。夯实基础用hang短语的适当形式填空(1)i saw him step forward for a moment but then hang back，nervously.(2)hang on a minute；im nearly ready.(3)he said hed call again，and hung up on me.(4)whats the sense of having a public open space where you cant eat，drink or even simply hang out for a while?3 be up to (doing) sth.胜任(做)某事；正在忙于(做)某事be up to sb.由某人决定be up to sb.to do sth.由某人决定做某事up to now到目前为止(常与现在完成时连用)do you want to stay or go？its up to you.你要留下还是要走呢？由你决定。you can play up to 30 games at one time.你可以一次进行多达30个游戏。we have no doubt that the russian authorities will be up to the task.我们深信俄罗斯政府能够胜任这项任务。夯实基础(1)同义句改写what are you doing now？(用up to改写句子)what are you doing up to now?(2)what shall we do tonight then?its up to you (由你决定)whatever you want.4 be known for.因而出名be known to.为所知(强调对象)(修饰known，用well，其比较级与最高级分别为better known，best known)be famous for.因而著名be famous as.作为而著名(接职务、身份类名词)(famous的比较级为more famous)hangzhou is known/famous for its beautiful scenery.杭州因其美景而出名。he is known to most people as a good actor.大多数人都知道他是一名好演员。夯实基础(1)同义句改写he was known as a writer and was invited to attend the meeting.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)known as a writer，he was invited to attend the meeting.(2)it is known to us (众所周知) that the city of auckland is known as the city of sails.5 (1)a as well as b作主语时，谓语动词的单复数随a的人称和数的变化而变化。(2)as well as用于同级比较，表示“和一样好”，在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词。i can never stop the love for reading because books are like wise teachers as well as good friends in my life.我从未停止对读书的热爱，因为书籍既像是我生活中的好朋友也是我的良师。(2012江西书面表达)the new air zone has raised regional tensions between china and its neighbors，as well as the us.中国的新防空识别区引发了中国与邻邦以及与美国的地区紧张态势。夯实基础(1)用所给词的适当形式填空the basketball coach，as well as his team，was interviewed(interview) shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.(2)this training program can give you a lift at work，as well as increase your income by 40% (也可以提高你40%的收入)用所给词的适当形式填空1look at the dark clouds.it is going to rain (rain)2ann is in hospital.oh, really？i didnt know.i will go (go) and visit her.3if i were (be) you，i would seize (seize) the chance to go abroad.4if i should see/were to see/saw (see) him tomorrow，i would invite him home.5if you had taken(take) my advice，you wouldnt be crying(cry) over your failure now.1 .，“it is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the internet.”“，很显然，我们将会看到网络购物的巨大增长。”it is clear that.句型中，it为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。常用于这种结构的形容词有：strange，obvious，certain，important，possible，natural，surprising，interesting，likely，unusual等。在it is necessary/important/strange/natural/impossible/essential/a pity.that.中，从句中的谓语动词常用“should动词原形”，should可省略。it is obvious that she is popular with students.很明显，她很受学生们的欢迎。it is important that we (should) discuss the plan.重要的是我们该讨论这个计划。夯实基础(1)同义句改写it is necessary that he should be sent there at once.(改为简单句)it is necessary for him to be sent there at once.(2)it is not necessary for you to have told her about the bad news (把这个坏消息告诉她)2 some experts see our future in virtual realitythe use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation.一些专家通过虚拟现实来预见我们的未来(虚拟现实)是计算机通过声音和图像模拟现实，以使人感到仿佛置身于一个真实的空间。(1)as if/though可引导表语从句和状语从句。若表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用过去时；若表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用过去完成时；若表示与将来相反的情况，从句谓语动词用would/could do。（2）如果as if/though引导的从句所表示的内容与事实相符，则使用陈述语气。（3）as if/though引导的从句可用省略形式，后面直接跟名词、不定式、形容词、介词短语或分词。he acted as if he had nothing to learn.他表现得好像没有东西可学一样。it looked as if it had been spraypainted.它看起来好像是喷过漆的。夯实基础用所给词的适当形式填空(1)the patient opened his mouth as if to say(say) something.(2)he talked about hong kong as if he had been(be) there before.(3)jackie looks after his younger sister as if he were(be) an adult. .教材活用根据课文内容完成下面的短文the future of cyberspacein the last thirty years，the internet 1.has grown (grow) rapidly，and this growth is 2.clearly (clear) going to continue.some experts are pessimistic about the future.one worry is crime in cyberspace.in the future，terrorists may “attack” the worlds computers，cause chaos,3.and make planes and trains 4.crash (crash)however，many people are optimistic 5.about the future of the internet.already，users can buy books，find out about holiday offers and so on.angela rossetto of cyberia magazine believes 6.that，in the future，we will get entertainment from the net and that television will probably disappear.7.the mail service may also vanish(消失) with the increasing use of email.some experts see our future in virtual realitythe use of computers with sounds and pictures 8.that make you feel as if 9.you are in a 10.real (really) situation.课外拓展阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式aa：hi.you look excited.whats 1.happening(happen)?b：it is said that a 2.singing(sing) contest will be held in our school soon.and i think 3.it a good chance to exercise my singing talents.a：by the way，are they 4.giving(give) prizes?b：a pocket radio will be given 5.as a reward to the first prize winner.a：6.are you going to take part in it?b：sure.itll 7.turn out fine if i practice a lot.a：really？but i dont think youve 8.practised(practise) enough.b：im going to.i bet i can get the first prize.a：dont be so sure.i think you need to have 9.a music teacher to help you.b：i dont think it necessary.people say i have a good 10.voice.blong ago an emperor decided to hold a swimming race among 13 different animals.the order in which they finished would decide the order of their 1.appearance(appear) in the chinese calendar.all the animals lined up on the river bank and 2.were given(give) the task of getting to the opposite shore.the cat wondered how he would swim across 3.because/as he was afraid of water.the ox worried how he would cross 4.with his poor eyesight.the calculating rat suggested that he and the cat jump onto the oxs back and guide him across.the ox，steady and hardworking，did not notice the two animals on his back.5.in the meanwhile，the rat ran behind the unsuspecting cat and pushed 6.him into the water.as the ox came ashore，the rat jumped off and finished the race first.7.so/thus/therefore the rat got the first year 8.named(name) after him and the ox got the second year.9.when/after/as the lazy pig reached the finish line in the 12th place the race was over and he was awarded the final place in the calendar.from that day the cat,10.who never finished and lost his place in the calendar，became the enemy of the rat.(一).阅读理解hundreds of great books are published in america every year.and every year，editors，critics and many readers try to choose a list of favorites.a few books showed up on list after list of the best fiction from this year.one of them was ann patchetts state of wonder.publishers weekly described the novel as one “readers will hate to see end”the story centers on a drug researcher from minnesota named maria singh.she travels to brazil to investigate the death of a coworker.her search takes her deep into the amazon area and danger.but she also goes deep into her own soul for a close look at who she is，what she has lost in her life and how she wants the future to look.ann patchett lives in tennessee.she told publishers weekly magazine that the state is leafy.she visited that area while doing research for the novel.chad harbachs name was also all over the critics best lists this year for his first book，the art of fielding.the new yorker magazine praised the novel for the easy way it joins a love of baseball with a love of literature.the book is about a college baseball star.he suffers a mental crisis and begins to fail on the playing field as a result.but the book is about much more than the sport of baseball.it is also a story of love，loss，friendship and growing up.chad harbach says his own upbringing influenced the book.the marriage plot also got a lot of attention this year.it is the third book from