【步步高】（新课标）高考英语一轮复习 知识排查突破 book 6 Unit 5 The power of nature 新人教版.doc

【步步高】（新课标）2016高考英语一轮复习 知识排查突破 book 6 unit 5 the power of nature 新人教版重点识记词汇1.burn to the ground全部焚毁2.make ones way前往3precious adj.贵重的；珍贵的 4.tremble vi.摇晃；摇动；颤抖5glance through匆匆看一遍 6.guarantee vt.保证；担保7vary from.to.由到不等 8.wave n波浪；波涛 vi.波动；起伏；挥手9potential n潜在性；可能性；潜能 adj.可能的；潜在的10panic (panicked，panicked) vi.& vt.惊慌 n惊慌；恐慌11alongside adv.在旁边；沿着边 prep.在旁边；沿着的边12novelist n小说家novel n小说13persuasion n信服；说服persuade v说服14equipment n设备；装备equip vt.装备；配备15appoint vt.任命；委派appointment n约定；任命16absolute adj.绝对的；完全的absolutely adv.绝对地；完全地17suit n一套外衣；套装 vt.适合；使适宜suitable adj.合适的18actual adj.实在的；实际的actually adv.实际地19uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；不舒适的comfortable adj.(反义词)舒适的；舒服的20unconscious adj.失去知觉的；未察觉的conscious adj.(反义词)意识到的；故意的；神志清醒的21shoot (shot，shot) vt.射中；射伤shot n射击；枪炮声22anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的anxiety n担心；焦虑；渴望23diverse adj.多种多样的；不同的diversity n多种多样；多样性24bathe vi.洗澡；游泳bath n沐浴25appreciation n欣赏；感激；感谢appreciate vt.欣赏；感激26evaluate vt.评估；评价；估计evaluation n评估27erupt vi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生eruption n火山爆发；(战争等)爆发必背经典句式1.i was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.我刚要睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。2the other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this being my first experience，i stayed at the top and watched them.另外两人爬下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。3it is said that this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the manchu people.据说这个男孩子就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。4.having collected and evaluated the information，i help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.收集和评估了这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家来预测熔岩接着将往何处流去，流速是多少。构词记忆beginning /biini/ nc常作单数开始hearing /hiri/ nu听力；听觉surrounding /srandi/ adj.周围的 n(pl.)周围的环境；环境understanding /ndstndi/ n1.u理解；领悟2.c常与不定冠词连用(非正式的)协议warning /wni/ nu&c警告；告诫wedding /wedi/ nc婚礼；结婚庆典.词汇与派生a语境填词1my time is precious(珍贵)；i can only give you a few minutes.2hearing a man following her，she panicked(恐慌)and ran as fast as she could.3she recognized the potential(可能性)for error in the method being used.4we dont know with absolute(绝对的) certainty that the project will succeed.5its guaranteed(保证) to rain when you want to go out.6she trembled (颤抖) to think what might have happened to him.7can you imagine a volcano erupting(爆发)suddenly before you?8the teacher evaluated(评估) the performance of each student.9she shows little appreciation(欣赏)of good music.10she is unconscious(未察觉的) of the effect she has on people.b用所给词的适当形式填空11he was anxious to leave and he could not hide his anxiety.(anxious)12he was appointed as manager of the company.but to everyones surprise，he didnt accept the appointment.(appoint)13tom panicked at the sound of explosion and his wife also got into a panic.(panic)14people from diverse cultures hold different understanding on the play and this diversity of opinions makes it hard to reach an agreement at the meeting.(diverse)15she varies her dress as fashion changes for she has various kinds of clothes and shoes and she thinks that variety is the spice(调味品) of life.(vary)16the labs in our school are equipped with a lot of good equipment，which is helpful for our study.(equip).短语运用a用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空be appointed as，burn to the ground，make ones way，glance through，vary from.to.，give birth to，take notice of17i saw them making their way，hand in hand，down the path.18during the terrorist attack on september 11th the world trade center was burnt to the ground.19i came across a piece of shocking news when i was glancing through the newspaper.20keep silent！take notice of what they are talking about you.21heseltine has been appointed as minister of the environment.this comes no surprise.22the amount of sleep we need varies from person to person.23the scientists experiments gave birth to a new drug.b用方框内所给短语填空24the child was fast asleep with all lights on.25mary has a diversity of interests；she likes sports，travel，photography，and making radio sets.26pandas are loved by people all over the world.经典句式27the meeting was about to be held when it began to rain.会议正要开始，这时开始下雨了。28there being another chance，he will try his best.假如再有一次机会，他会尽力而为。29it is hoped that the terrible disease will soon be controlled.人们希望这种可怕的疾病能迅速得到控制。30having answered the teachers questions，she sat down and felt much more relaxed.回答老师的问题后，她坐下来，感到轻松多了。1 appoint vt.任命；委任(choose sb. for)；安排，确定(时间、地点)(arrange；decide on)应试指导求职类写作高频词汇appoint sb.(as/to be).任命某人为appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事by appointment 按照约定have an appointment with sb.与某人有约make an appointment with sb.与某人预约/约会they appointed him (as/to be) captain of the english team.他们任命他为英格兰队队长。could i change my appointment from one to two?我能不能把一点的约会改到两点？夯实基础语法填空(1)the prime minister has appointed a civilian as/to be the defence minister.(2)i have made an appointment with doctor smith.(3)our doctors are seen by appointment only.(4)amie salmon，disabled，is attended throughout her school days by a nurse appointed(appoint) to guard her.2 evaluate vt.评估；评价；估计多词一义evaluate，assess，valueevaluate sb./sth.评估/评价某人/某事evaluate value/importance/quality评估价值/重要性/质量evaluation n评估；评价we need to evaluate how well the policy is working.我们需要对这一政策产生的效果作出评价。夯实基础(1)用evaluate的适当形式填空evaluation is standard practice for all training arranged through the school.“you need humility when evaluating the impact of globalization，” he says.it is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated(evaluate) in terms of overall quality.(2)the doctor evaluated the patients condition and then he decided to try a new drug.after evaluating the patients condition，the doctor decided to try a new drug. (用“afterdoing”结构改写句子)having evaluated the patients condition，the doctor decided to try a new drug.(用分词作状语改写句子)3 suit v.适合；(使)适宜(be right for)；n.诉讼；恳求；套装(a set of clothes)多词一义suitable，fit，suited，appropriate suit sth.to sb.使某物适合某人suit ones needs适合某人的需要be suited to/for适合于；适宜于be suitable for适合于be suitable to do sth.适合做a suit of clothes一套衣服that color doesnt suit her.那种颜色不适合她。he can suit his conversation to whoever hes with.无论跟谁说话，他都能说到一块。词义辨析match，suit，fit(1)match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。(2)suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、时间等。(3)fit多指大小、形状合适，引申为“吻合，协调”。夯实基础(1)用match，suit，fit的适当形式填空the size of the shirt fits me well and its color matches my tie，so it suits me.(2)the challenge is finding suitable partners for them.the challenge is finding partners that suit them.(用动词suit和定语从句改写句子)4 guarantee vt.保证；担保(promise)；n.保证；担保；保修单应试指导应用类写作高频词汇guarantee sb.sth.保证某人某事guarantee to do sth.保证去做某事be guaranteed to do.肯定会under guarantee在保修期内give sb.a guarantee that.向某人担保all students are guaranteed campus accommodation for their first year.保证安排所有的学生第一年在校内住宿。even if you complete your training，i cant guarantee you a job.即使你完成了培训，我也无法保证你能有工作。夯实基础我们保证在一周内将货物送到。(一句多译)(1)we guarantee to deliver the goods in one week.(guarantee v)(2)we are guaranteed to deliver the goods in one week.(be guaranteed to)(3)we give a guarantee that we will deliver the goods in one week.(guarantee n)5 make ones way前往；到地方去(head for)；(在事业上)有所起步make ones way to朝走去feel ones way摸索着前进lose ones way迷路push ones way推着前进fight ones way奋斗着前进wind ones way蜿蜒前进force ones way挤出去we made our way directly to the recreation room.我们直接向娱乐室走去。is this your plan for making your way in the world?这就是你要出人头地的计划吗？夯实基础用fight，force，wind，feel的适当形式填空(1)there was no light，so we had to feel our way in the dark.(2)she gradually fought her way to the top of the company.(3)try and force your way through the crowd.(4)the bus is winding its way up the mountain.1 it is said that this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the manchu people.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。it is said that.据说it is thought that.大家认为it is believed that.人们相信it is hoped that.人们希望it is reported that.据报道it is wellknown that.众所周知it is supposed that.据说it is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.经常听人说人类天生就有说话的能力。特别提醒上述结构可改为sb./sth.be said/thought/believed/hoped.to do/to be doing/to have done，根据动词不定式和said动作之间的时间关系来断定使用不定式的一般式、进行式还是完成式。夯实基础同义句改写(用he作主语改写下列句子)(1)it is supposed that he is working in that big company.he is supposed to be working in that big company.(2)it is said that he has written a new book about workers.he is said to have written a new book about workers.(3)it is thought that he often helps the people in need.he is often thought to help the people in need.2单元语法用动词的ing形式改写下列句子(1)as i came out of my house，i saw the volcano erupting.coming out of my house，i saw the volcano erupting.(2)when she woke up in the middle of the night，she saw her room was as bright as day.waking up in the middle of the night，she saw her room was as bright as day.(3)she sat at the desk and read a newspaper.she sat at the desk reading a newspaper.(4)as i had never seen a volcano erupting before，i was very excited.never having seen a volcano erupting before，i was very excited.(5)it rained heavily so that it caused severe flooding in the area.it rained heavily，causing severe flooding in the area.高考题组.语法填空(2014新课标全国)one morning，i was waiting at the bus stop，worried about 41.being (be) late for school.there were many people waiting at the bus stop,42.and some of them looked very anxious and 43.disappointed (disappoint)when the bus finally came，we all hurried on board.i got a place next 44.to the window，so i had a good view of the sidewalk.a boy on a bike 45.caught (catch) my attention.he was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.i heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver，but he refused 46.to stop (stop) until we reached the next stop.still，the boy kept 47.riding (ride)he was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting.finally，when we came to the next stop，the boy ran up to the door of the bus.i heard an excited conversation.then the driver stood up and asked，“48.did anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” a woman on the bus shouted，“oh dear！its 49.me/mine (i)” she pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully.everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done，and the crowd of strangers 50.suddenly (sudden) became friendly to one another.写作常用句翻译1对学生来说，你最好选择那些你感兴趣并适合你的活动。(suit)(2011四川书面表达)to students，youd better choose the activities which interest you and suit you.2让你感到困惑的问题实际上也是困惑着很多中国父母的问题。(actually)(2011陕西书面表达)what puzzles you is actually a puzzle for many parents in china.3我被告知学习中心给学生提供帮助，现在我急于获得你们的帮助。(anxious)(2011新课标全国 书面表达)i was told the learning center provides help for students and im anxious to get help from you.4我被任命负责安排那天的所有活动。(appoint)(2011天津书面表达)i was appointed to take charge of arranging all the activities on that day.模拟题组.语法填空1before he got the project started，i asked for an evaluation(evaluate) of the cost of doing so.2he described what he saw in a trembled(tremble) voice.3the parents will be anxious(anxiety) unless they know that their children are safe and sound.4i would like to speak for our group to express our appreciation for your valuable help.5i kept silent in the backseat of the car as we made our way to grandmas.6aids is said to have been(be) the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years.7i had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel when i heard the steps.8linda acts as if she were the boss，ordering(order) people around.9i have an appointment with dr.smith，but i need to change it.10pressed from his parents，and realizing(realize) that he has wasted too much time，the boy is determined to stop playing video games.单句改错1the mother was standing at the gate，anxiously to see her son.anxiouslyanxious2lincoln had shot while watching a play in the fords theatre.hadwas3they have been appointed a new head teacher at the school already.去掉been4with all the houses being burnt to the ground，they had no place to live in.去掉being5be sure to make effort to save the heros life.make后加上an6have you bored with the same busy life day after day？haveare7the snow being so thick，how did you make way to the top of the hill？make后加上your8i was about to leave while the telephone rang.whilewhen9i had intended to have gone to beijing during my holiday，but an unexpected guest came.去掉had10not completed the project，they have to stay there for another two pletedcompleting.写作句式升级训练because there is the pair of shoes，in the future fewer and fewer people will drive cars.(素材来源于2014湖南书面表达)there being the pair of shoes，in the future a decreasing number of people will drive cars.(用独立主格结构及高级词汇decreasing改写句子).阅读理解awith more than 10,000 plants，the 68ft “living wall” near victoria station will collect rainwater which falls onto the roof of the building and use it to nourish the plants.the result will be an eyecatching garden which brightens up the popular tourist route，near the rubens at the palace hotel，and stops it from flooding.containing more than 20 seasonal plant species，the wall required 16 tons of soil and will be capable of storing up to 10,000 litres of water.the project，backed by london mayor boris johnson，was launched with the aim of dealing with a key environmental challenge in london.according to the environment agency，there are around 534,000 properties in london on the thames flood plain and one in four are at risk of flooding.this is partly due to the low absorbency of urban surfaces.matthew pencharz，the mayors advisor for environment and energy，said，“london has plenty of trees，parks，gardens and increasing numbers of living roofs，which can increase resilience(适应力) to extreme weather.the mayor is encouraging more green programs like the living wall to make sure london can continue to compete，not only as the greenest city in europe，but as the best city on the earth.”a similar living wall was built in islington in 2005 but ended in disappointment after the watering system failed and all the plants died.at that time critics accused the council of wasting 100,000 of taxpayers money on a “green extravagance(奢侈品)”the victoria project is believed to be the largest of its kind in the country.ruth duston，ceo of victoria bid，said，“building the living wall has a longterm positive impact on the environment.it delivers a model of best practice for london.”the flowers have been chosen to ensure the wall is in bloom all year round，attracting wildlife such as birds，butterflies and bees.armando raish，managing director of treebox，said，“due to the variety of plants，we expect the living wall to significantly increase the number and variety of bugs and bees in this part of victoria.”1the “living wall” was designed to .adisplay some unusual plantsbprevent flooding when it rainscstore rainwater for the citizensdattract more tourists to london答案b解析细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，这道种植植物的墙建在维多利亚火车站附近，目的是用雨水浇这些植物，预防伦敦市区泛滥成灾。2the underlined word “backed” in paragraph 2 probably can be replaced by .acriticized bconstructedcsupported drejected答案c解析词义猜测题。从第四段中伦敦市长顾问的话“the mayor is encouraging more green programs like the living wall to make sure.”中可以推断出，市长对该项目的态度是支持的。画线的单词back意为“支持”，可被support代替。criticize批评；construct建造；reject拒绝。3why are 25% of the buildings on the thames flood plain at risk of flooding?abecause the buildings are near the river.bbecause it rains heavily all the year round.cbecause there are few trees and plants in london.dbecause the ground doesnt absorb much rainwater.答案d解析细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，在伦敦市的泰晤士河的洪泛区，有大约534 000处房产，其中的四分之一面临被淹的危险。部分原因是城市地表的吸收能力低。4which would be the best title of the text?aa beautiful garden cityblondons living wall of greencmore species in central londondcreative way to fight flooding答案b解析标题归纳题。本文向读者介绍了英国伦敦市治理雨水泛滥的新举措，建造一道种植植物的墙。故选b项。ba postgraduate student in france took to his microblog to complain about having to do shopping for relatives and friends.the microblog post has drawn wide attention on the internet and many students said they were tired of shopping for friends in china as it was interfering with their studies.“i am a postgraduate student，not a professional purchaser，” said the student in france，identified as li yuandong.as a science student，li said，“i am not a fashion expert，i am a scientist，but i know about the latest items of louis vuittion and i can distinguish various types of perfume，nail polish，and face lotion.”lis story drew heated discussion on the internet among other students studying abroad.“this is so typical.mine is worse because i live in a village far away from paris.it takes me hours to get to galleries lafayette，but i have to go there every week.”“i dont know how much money i have spent on train tickets，but nobody seems to care，” a girl，identified by her internet name of jarlay121，said.another student studying in britain said that once her cousin asked her to buy 20 packs of diapers(尿片)，two toilet lids and a bumper(缓冲器) for a toyota car.“every time i am at the airport，i hold up the queue at security checks and i have to pay extra money for overweight packages.i cannot ask them to pay for that because they are all my relatives and friends，” said a shenzhen girl name zhu jingtong.zhu is now studying in the united states.although some students make money from shopping for those in china，many othe