【聚焦中考】（安徽专用 教师用书）中考英语专题复习 第25讲 形容词和副词.doc

第25讲形容词和副词【名题实战】1if my friends have any problems，my door is _d_ open to them.(2014，安徽)anever bseldomcsometimes dalways2what was jim wearing at the party?nothing _a_he was in his usual shirt and jeans.(2013，安徽)aspecial bsimplecimportant dinteresting3our school bus will leave at 8 oclock tomorrow.dont be late.(2013，安徽)ok.i will be there ten minutes _d_asooner bslower cfaster dearlier4we lost the match because they had _d_ players.they had eleven and we had only nine！(2012，安徽)astronger byounger cfewer dmore5you are relaxing yourself here？(2012，安徽)yes.it feels _a_ to walk slowly along the river.afantastic bboring cstrange dterrible6mike hurt his back seriously and can _d_ get out of bed without help.(2012，安徽)aquickly beasily cnearly dhardly7we felt _b_ when liu xiang won the first prize again in the race.(2011，安徽)abrave bproud csuccessful dworried8jack is good at drawing.i think no one draws _a_(2011，安徽)abetter bbest cworse dworst9did you find the small village yesterday?yes，without any difficulty，for it has _a_ changed over years.(2010，安徽)ahardly bgreatly cclearly dnearly10it seems that alice never wants to do anything except draw pictures.(2010，安徽)right.thats what she likes to do _c_amore bless cmost dleast11dad，its such a long way from our home to the park!you mean its _b_ to take a taxi？(2010，安徽)apopular bnecessarycpossible dimportant【考点梳理】从以上考题可看出，近五年来，安徽中考对形容词和副词考查的频率很高。对形容词、副词的考查主要侧重词文辨析和比较级、最高级的用法。考生在复习时应注意熟记形容词、副词比较级的构成及用法，以及与频率相关的副词及副词短语的用法，特别要注意以ed和ing结尾的形容词的用法和区别。高频考向一形容词作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。但形容词修饰something，anything，nothing，everything等复合不定代词时，须放在其后；形容词修饰疑问代词时，也须放在其后。如：its a cold and windy day.这是个既寒冷又有大风的一天。would you like something hot to drink？你想要喝些热的东西吗？what else can you see？你还能看见其他什么东西？作表语，放在系动词的后面。常见的系动词有be，become，get(变)，make(使)，turn(变)，keep(保持)，feel，look(看起来)，seem，smell，sound，taste。如：he looks happy today.他今天看起来很高兴。silk feels soft.丝绸摸起来很软。milk is able to turn bad easily in summer.夏天，牛奶容易变质。作宾语补足语。形容词作宾补时，应放在宾语之后，表示宾语的性质、状态等。如：he always makes us happy.他总是使我们高兴。注意点：表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。如：how long is the river？its about two thousand metres long.这条河有多长？大约2000米长。只能作表语的形容词：afraid害怕；alone独自的；asleep 睡着的；awake醒着的；alive活着的；well健康的；ill病的；frightened害怕的。如：the man is ill.(正)the ill man is my uncle.(误)貌似副词的形容词：lonely独自的；friendly友好的；lively生动的；lovely可爱的。如：its very kind of you to help me.你帮助我，真好。its not easy to learn a foreign language.学好一门外语不容易。【例1】that clothes store is_on weekends.i see.ill go there next monday then.(2014，重庆)aopen bclose copened dclosed解析：由答语“我将下周一去那儿”可知“那家服装店周末是关着的”。答案：_d_【例2】have you heard the song stay here forever?yes.it sounds _(2014，济宁)awell bloudlycsweet dbeautifully解析：sounds在此作连系动词，意为“听起来”，后接形容词作表语，故排除b、d两项。well作形容词，意为“健康的”。答案：_c_【例3】fred is always_because he often does something good for his health outdoors.(2013，莱芜)aweak bnervous cserious denergetic解析：由后半句句意“因为他经常在户外做一些有益健康的事情”推知，前半句句意为“fred总是精力充沛”。weak“虚弱的”；nervous“紧张的”；serious“严肃的”；energetic“精力充沛的”。答案：_d_高频考向二副词副词按性质和用途可分为时间副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词等。时间副词通常用来表示动作发生的时间。常见的时间副词有now，today，tomorrow，yesterday，before，late，early，never，seldom，sometimes，often，usually，always等。地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。常见的地点副词有here，there，inside，outside，home，upstairs，downstairs，anywhere，everywhere，nowhere，somewhere，down，up，off，in，out等。方式副词一般用来回答“怎样的”这类问题，绝大部分由形容词词尾加ly构成，少数与形容词同形。常见的方式副词有badly，carefully，proudly，suddenly，successfully，angrily，happily，slowly，warmly，wildly，well，fast，hard，alone，high，straight等。程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词，少数用来修饰动词和介词短语。常见的程度副词有much，(a) little，a bit，very，so，too，enough，quite，rather，pretty，greatly，nearly，almost，deeply，hardly等。疑问副词一般引导特殊疑问句。常见的疑问副词有how，when，where，why等。几组常见副词的用法辨析。also，too，either三者都表示“也”。also通常放在句中，位于系动词、情态动词或助动词后面，实义动词前面；too通常用在肯定句中，放在句末；either用在否定句中，放在句末。very与much二者都可以表示“很”，但用法不同：very修饰形容词和副词的原级，而much修饰形容词和副词的比较级。ago与beforeago表示以现在为起点的一段时间以前，不能单独使用，必须和一些表示时间概念的短语搭配，常和过去时连用。before表示在过去或将来某个时间以前，也可以指“以前”，可单独使用，常与过去完成时、过去时、现在完成时连用。so与suchso修饰形容词或副词，表示“如此地”；such修饰名词，表示“如此的”。many，much，little，few名词，前面只能用so而不能用such修饰；such可以修饰a lot of名词。sometime，sometimes，some time与some timessometime某一时间，某一时刻(可指将来，也可指过去)sometimes有时，不时的some time一段时间some times几次，几倍【例4】the baby is sleeping.please speak _(2013，聊城)aloudly bclearly cquietly dpolitely解析：loudly意为“大声地，响亮地”；clearly意为“清楚地”；quietly意为“安静地，悄悄地”；politely意为“礼貌地”。句意为“那个宝宝正在睡觉，请悄悄地说”。答案：_c_【例5】can you catch what i said?sorry.i can_understand it.(2014，荆州)aalmost bprobably cnearly dhardly解析：almost“几乎；差不多”；probably“大概；或许”；nearly“几乎；差不多”；hardly“几乎不”。由答语前半句“对不起”推知，后半句句意为“我几乎不能理解你说的”。答案：_d_【例6】_ will you finish your homework，kate?in an hour.(2014，邵阳)ahow soon bhow oftenchow long解析：how soon“多久以后”；how often“多久一次”；how long“多长时间”。由答句句意“一个小时后”可知此处是提问“多久以后”。答案：_a_高频考向三形容词、副词等级的用法1形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则变化构成方法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词末尾加er，estsmallfastquicksmallerfasterquickersmallestfastestquickest以不发音的e结尾的单音节词末尾加r，stnicefinenicerfinernicestfinest以辅音字母y结尾的双音节单词，先把y变为i，再加er，estlonelyhappylonelierhappierloneliesthappiest以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词，双写末尾的字母再加er，esthotbigthinhotterbiggerthinnerhottestbiggestthinnest部分双音节词或多音节词在原级前加more，mostinterestingtiredmoreinterestingmore tiredmostinterestingmost tired不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/ill/badlyworseworstlittlelessleastmany/muchmoremostfarfartherfarthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldestlatelaterlatest下列单、双音节词只能加more和most原级比较级最高级like(相似的，同样的)more likemost likereal(真的)more realmost realtired(疲乏的)more tiredmost tiredpleased(高兴的)more pleasedmost pleasedoften(经常)more oftenmost often2.形容词、副词等级的用法原级的用法只能修饰原级的词：very，quite，so，too，rather。如：he is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。as.as.和一样(中间用原级)not as(so).as和不一样(中间用原级)如：tom is as old as kate.汤姆和凯特年龄一样大。tom is twice as old as kate.汤姆的年龄是凯特的两倍。this room is not so/as big as that one.这个房间不如那个大。比较级的用法可以修饰比较级的词：much，a lot，far，a little，a bit，even，still。.than.比如：tom is taller than kate.汤姆比凯特高。选择疑问句中，二选一时如：which is bigger，the earth or the moon？哪一个更大，地球还是月球？用比较级表示最高级的意思如：the yangtze river is longer than any other river in china.在中国，长江比其他任何一条河都长。“比较级and比较级”表示“越来越”如：he is getting taller and taller.他变得越来越高了。the flowers are more and more beautiful.花儿越来越漂亮了。“the比较级，the比较级”表示“越，就越”如：the more careful you are，the fewer mistakes youll make.你越认真，犯的错误就越少。在比较级中为了避免重复，在than后常用one，that，those等词来替代前面提到过的名词。如：the weather here is warmer than that in shanghai.这里的天气比上海的暖和。表示倍数的比较如：this room is three times bigger than that one.这个房间比那个大3倍。最高级的用法形容词最高级前一定要用the，副词最高级前可省略the。有范围(in，of，among或从句等)修饰的用最高级。如：winter is the coldest season of the year.冬季是一年里最冷的季节。this is the best film that i have ever seen.这是我所看过的最好的电影。“主语beone of the形容词最高级复数名词in/of短语”表示“是中最之一”。如：beijing is one of the largest cities in china.北京是中国最大的城市之一。选择疑问句中用于三者或三者以上的比较。如：which country is the largest，china，brazil or canada？哪一个国家最大，中国，巴西还是加拿大？which season do you like (the) best，spring，summer or autumn？你最喜欢哪一个季节，春天，夏天还是秋天？表示“第几个最”时，用“the序数词最高级名词单数”的结构。如：the yellow river is the second longest river in china.黄河是中国第二长河。【例7】 my grandpa told a good story，but i told a_one.(2013，河南)agood bbetter cbest dworse解析：由前半句句意“我爷爷讲了一个好故事”可知，后半句句意为“但我讲了一个更好的”，两者比较用比较级。答案：_b_【例8】 many boy students think math is_english.i agree.im weak in english.(2014，镇江)amuch difficult than bso difficult ascless difficult than dmore difficult than解析：a选项中much常用来修饰比较级，此处后面跟原级，故排除。b选项的结构常常用在否定句中，故排除。根据回答“i agree.im weak in english.”可推知前句意为“大多数男学生认为数学没有英语难”。答案：_c_【例9】 im sorry im late.i should get here 10 minutes _.(2013，河北)aearly bearliercthe earlier dthe earliest解析：根据前句“im sorry im late.(很抱歉我迟到了。)”可推知后句句意为“我应该早10分钟到达这儿。”指的是与现在相比较更早些，故用比较级。注意，除非明确指两者进行比较时，其中“较(更)的一个”，或用在固定句式中，否则比较级前不能加the。答案：_b_【例10】 he looks much_without sunglasses.awell bgood cbest dbetter解析：much修饰形容词的比较级，表示比较的程度，意为“得多”。句意为“不戴太阳镜，他看上去好得多。”答案：_d_一、单项选择。1li ke _b_ runs in the morning，for he wants to be healthy.(2014，成都)anever boften chardly dseldom2mona doesnt like making speeches.she feels _c_ talking in front of the class.(2014，湖州)aannoyed bexcited cnervous dsurprised3do you enjoy han leis songs?yes.he is the winner of im singer .i cant think of anyone with a _a_ voice.(2014，南京)abetter bbest cmore dmost4the fruits are _a_，because they were picked from the garden just now.(2014，台州)afresh bcheapcbig dunhealthy5is your headache getting _a_？no，its worse.(2014，泰安)abetter bbad cless dwell6which ocean is _b_，the atlantic or the pacific?the pacific.(2014，沈阳)adeep bdeepercdeepest dmore deeper7tom，are you _a_ boy in your class?no，but john is.im shorter than him.(2014，滨州)athe tallest bthe shortestcthe youngest dthe oldest8as we know its difficult to live in a foreign country._d_ if you cant understand the language there.(2014，咸宁)aexactly bnaturallycusually despecially9fred is studying chinese in one evening school.is that true？he has _d_ told me about it.(2014，安顺)aever beven calready dnever10ive heard that zhuhai chimelong ocean kingdom is one of _d_ ocean parks in asia.(2014，广东)avery large bthe largercmuch larger dthe largest11mike is _，but his brother sam is much _a_(2014，宜宾)aheavy；heavier bheavy；heaviestcheavier；heaviest dheavier；the heaviest12_he mountain is，_c_ the air is.(2014，黔南)athe higher；the thinnestbhigher；