综合英语第五册第十二单元the mew immorality.ppt

Unit12TheNewImmorality AnIntegratedEnglishCourse 5 PARTI CLASSPLANNING 1 TeachingMaterials Textbook AnIntegratedEnglishBook5 Teacher sBookDictionaries OxfordAdvancedLearner sEnglish ChineseDictionary Fourthedition ANewEnglish ChineseDictionary 2 TeachingObjectives Tolearnaboutsomebasicfeaturesofargumentativewriting Tograspthenewwordsandexpressions 3 TimeAllocation Periods1 2 AnalysisofTextI Explanationofthetext Paras1 5 Periods3 4 Explanationofthetext Paras6 10 Periods5 6 Comprehensionquestions Exercises TextII 4 TeachingMethods InteractiveteachingCommunicativeteaching 5 TeachingAids Lecturenotespreparedbytheteacher PARTII TEACHINGLECTURESPeriods1 2 80min Warm upQuestions 1 Howdoyoufeelabouttheacademiccorruption 2 Whatmeasurecanbetakentopreventtheacademiccorruptionformspreading AbouttheLessonTheauthor Krutch Josepehwood Americancritic educator anaturalist inthisargumentativeessay exposes analyzesthenewimmoralityprevalentinourage whichreferstothefactthatmanypeopletendtoacceptandtakeforgrantedpersonaldishonesty andasaresult theyarenotlikelytofeelashamedwhentheyarecaughtcheatingordoingsomethingdishonest butclaimthattheyhaveastrongsocialconscienceandsocialmorality StructuralAnalysisofTextI Thewholeessaymaybedividedintothreeparts 1 PartI paras 1 3 illustrateaparadoxofourage 2 PartII Paras4 10 firstillustratesaninterestingtendencytoacceptandtakeforgrantedpersonaldishonesty andnextanalyzesthesocialandpsychologicalgroundforthebehavior attitude anddefenseofthedishonestpeople andthenwriterpresentshisownopinionsaboutthegreatsignificanceoftheconceptofpersonalhonor 3 PartIII Para11 presentsthewriter sideaofwhatanhonestandhonorablepersonoughttodonomatterhowbadtheworldmaybecome DetailedStudyofParas1 5ofTextI 1 provostn ahigh rankingadministrativeofficialofauniversityTheprovostsofsomecollegesoftheuniversitywerepresentatthegraduationceremony Theprovostpresidedoverthefacultymeetingyesterday 2 reprehensibleadj deservingtobereprehended deservingtobecriticizedorrebukedPlagiarismwasamorallyreprehensibleact Itwasreprehensibleofhimtostealfromhismother 3 rigvt toarrangetheoutcomeofsth dishonestlyTheyclaimedthattheresultoftheelectionwasrigged Somestockholdersriggedthestockmarket 4 Yetmostofthesefive likemostofthecollegecheaters wouldprobablyprofessastrongsocialconsciousness However mostofthesefivepeople likeamajorityofthecollegestudentswhocommitcheatingonexaminations wouldprobablyclaimthattheyhaveastrongsenseofresponsibilityforsociety professvt claimsth oftenfalsely stateopenlythatonehasabelief feeling etc Idon tprofessexpertknowledgeofthissubject Howcouldyouprofesstobeanexpertinthisarea Heprofessedthatheknewnothingabouttheplot Sheprofessedherselfsatisfiedwiththeprogressmade 5 Thesetwoexamplesexhibitaparadoxofourage Thesetwoexamplesclearlydisplayacontradictorysituationinourage paradoxn astatementthatseemstobeabsurdorcontradictorybutisormaybetrue useofthisintalkingorwriting person thing orsituationdisplayingcontradictoryfeatures Morehaste lessspeed isawell knownparadox Paradoxandironyarecharacteristicsofherstyle Itisaparadoxthattherearesomanypoorpeopleinsucharichcountry 6 honorn aprivilege sourceofprideandpleasure goodpersonalcharacter strongsenseofwhatismorallyright reputationforgreatness goodbehavior truthfulness etc greatrespectItisagreathonorformetobeinvited Honordemandsthatheshouldresign Theyarefightingforthehonoroftheircountry Theystoodinsilenceasamarkofhonortoher 7 integrityn honesty moraluprightness wholenessorsoundnessWeadmirehergreatlyforherintegrity Theymakegreatefforttokeeptheirculturalintegrityintact Thetwonationshavemutualrespectfortheirterritorialintegrity Weshouldmaintaintheintegrityofourbrainfunction 8 andmyobservationleadsmetobelieveittrue thatourseeminglygreatgrowthinsocialmoralityhasoddlyenoughtakenplaceinaworldwhereprivatemorality asenseofthesupremeimportanceofpurelypersonalhonor honesty andintegrity seemstobedeclining andonthebasisofmyobservationI vecometobelieveittruethatoursocialmoralityseemstohavemadegreatprogress whichhasoddlyenoughtakenplaceinaworkprivatemorality anawarenessoftheparamountimportanceofpurelypersonalhonor randintegrity seemstobeweakening 9 Beneficentandbenevolentsocialinstitutionsareadministeredbymenwhoalltoofrequentlyturnouttobeaccepting gifts Charitablesocialorganizationsaremanagedorcontrolledbymenwhoveryoftenprovetobeeasilybribed beneficentadj showingactivekindness generous charitableManyrichbusinessmenhavebecomebeneficentpatrons Theorphanwaslookedafterbyabeneficentoldlady benevolentadj willingorwishingtobekind friendlyandhelpful charitable doinggoodratherthanmakingprofitsIamdeeplyimpressedbyhisbenevolentmanner Thefeministestablishedabenevolentinstitutionwhensheretired 10 Theworldofpopularentertainmentisrockedbyscandal Collegestudents putontheirhonor cheatonexamination CandidatesforthePh D hireghost writerstopreparetheirtheses Theworldofpopularentertainmentisshockedbysocialdisgrace Collegestudentswhoareconsideredtodeservegreathonor actdishonestlyinexaminations CandidatesforthePh D hireotherpeopletowritetheirdissertations Ghostwriter apersonwhowritessth forsb ElseandallowshimtopublishitunderhisownnameItturnedoutthatallhisarticleswereactuallyboughtformghost writers Mostghost writersaredrivenbymoneytoghost writeforothers Ismalariastillprevalentamongthepopulationhere Anti governmentsentimentsarestillprevalentinthatwar ravagedcountry 11 Ihavenowayofmakingahistoricalmeasurement Iamnotableatalltojudgepersonaldishonestyfromtheangleofhistory 12 WhatIdoknowisthatthereisaninterestingtendencytoacceptandtakeforgrantedsuchpersonaldishonesty WhatIknowforcertainisthatinterestingly manypeopletendtoacceptsuchpersonaldishonestyandregarditascommon andthusremainindifferenttoit 13 Thecollegestudentcaughtcheatingdoesnotevenblush Thecollegestudentwhoiscaughtred handed cheatingonanexamination doesnotfeelashamedintheleast Periods3 4 80min Aid Lecturenotespreparedbytheteacher GistQuestions 1 Howdoestheauthorcriticizethenewimmoralityandrefutethedefenseofthedishonest 2 Whatisthewriter sopinionoftherealandultimatesecurity 1 Itismyconvictionthatthoughmenmaybenomorewickedthantheyalwayshavebeen theyseemlesslikelytobeashamed Ibelievethatthoughpeoplemaynotbebecomingme wickedthantheyusedtobe theyseemlesslikelytofeelashamedwhentheyarecaughtdoingsomethingwrong 2 Ifanybodydoesit itmustberight Ifitisacommonpractice itismostprobablycorrect 3 moresn fml customsorconventionsconsideredtypicaloforessentialtoagroupWemustobservesocialmores Everysocietyhasitsownmores 4 revealingadj makingfacts etc known causingorallowingsth tobevisibleItwasarevealingslipofthetongue TheX raywasveryrevealing Sheiswearingaratherrevealingdress 5 Itdoesn thurtanybody meansitdoesn tdothatabstractioncalledsocietyanyharm Thestatement Itdoesn thurtanybody impliesthatitdoesn tdoanyharmtosocietyasawhole abstractionn ageneralideaortheorydevelopedfromspecificconcreteexamplesofeventsIexpectsomeexamplestoillustrateyourtalkthatis byandlarge anabstraction 6 Theharmitdidthebribe takerandthecheaterisn timportant itispurelypersonal Theharmitdidthebribe takerandthecheaterisinsignificant becauseitismerelythepersonconcernedthatbearstheconsequence 7 Andpersona asopposedtosocialdecency doesn tcountformuch What smore ho personappearsoractuallyis incontrasttopublicmorality amountstoalmostnothing personan psychology theimageofcharacterandpersonalitythatonewishestoshowtheoutsideworldShehasahottemper whichisanundesirablepersonaofherpersonality Thecomicpersonaeinherwritingsarejocundandhumorous 8 Sociologyhastendedtolayexclusivestressuponsocialmorality andtendedtoooftentodefinegoodandevilasmerelythe sociallyuseful oritsreverse Sociologyhasbeenapttoexclusivelyemphasizesocialmorality andlikelyveryoftentointerpretgoodsimplyasthe socialuseful andtodefineevilonlyas thesociallyuseless sociologyn thescientificstudyofthenature development structureandfunctioningofhumansociety thestudyofsocialproblemssociologyn thescientificstudyofthenature development structureandfunctioningofhumansociety thestudyofsocialproblemsProfessorZhang whospecializesinsociology haspublishedmanyarticlesonitinacademicjournals reversen sth thatisthecontraryoroppositetowhatisexpected changefortheworseChildren sshoesarenotcheap butquitethereverse Youweretheveryreverseofpoliteness Thepatientsufferedsomeseriousreverses 9 Whatsocialmoralityandsocialconscienceleaveoutisthenarrowerbutverysignificantconceptofhonor asopposedtowhatissometimescalledmerely sociallydesirableconduct Whatthedefinitionofsocialmoralityandsocialconsciencefailstoincludeinitsscopeisthenarrowerbutveryimportantnotionofhonor rather itlaysmuchmoreemphasisonwhatissometimesreferredtomerelyas sociallydesirableconduct 10 dishonorvt tobringdisgraceonsb orsth Whathediddishonoredhisfamily Itwasacowardlyactthatdishonoredhismemory 11 Itwasafavoriteandnodoubtsoundargumentamongearlytwentieth centuryreformersthat playingthegame asthegentlemanwassupposedtoplayit wasnotenoughtomakeadecentsociety Earlytwentieth centuryreformers rightlyarguedthat playingthegame asthegentlemanwassupposedtoplayit i e behavingasthemanofhonorwasexpectedto wasnotenoughforthecreationofatrulymoralsociety 12 Theywereright itisnotenough Butthetimehascometoaddthatitisindeedinevitablethattheso calledsocialconscienceunsupportedbytheconceptofpersonalhonorwillcreateacorruptsociety Theywerecorrect Indeed playingthegame asthegentlemanwassupposedtoplayitisnotenoughatalltomakeadecentsociety Butitishightimethatweaddedthatitisunavoidablethattheso calledsocialconscience notbackedbytheconceptofpersonalhonor islikelytoleadtoanimmoralordishonestsociety 13 Butsupposethatitdoesn t Supposethatnooneexcepttheindividualsuffersfromthefactthatheseesnothingwrongindoingwhateverybodyelsedoes Butwhatattitudeshouldtheindividualadoptprovidedthattheso calledsocialconscienceunsupportedbytheconceptofpersonalhonordoesn tcreateacorruptsociety Whatshouldbethemostappropriatethingtodo supposingthatonlythespecifiedpersonsuffersfromthefactthathedoesn tseeanythingwrongindoingthesameasmanyothersdo 14 Evenso Istillinsistthatfortheindividualhimselfnothingismoreimportantthanthispersonal interiorsenseofrightandwrongandhisdeterminationtofollowthatratherthantobeguidedbywhateverybodydoesormerelythecriterionof socialusefulness Eveniftheso calledsocialconscienceunsupportedbytheconceptofpersonalhonordoesn tcrateacorruptsociety andeventhoughnooneexcepttheindividualsuffersfromthefactthatheseesnothingwrongindoingwhateverybodyelsedoes Istillinsistthatfortheindividualhimselfthemostimportantthingisthatheshoulddependonhisownawarenessofrightandwrong Heshouldhavethedeterminationtoactaccordingtothatratherthantobeguidedbywhateverybodydoesormerelythecriterionof socialusefulness socialusefulness Accordingtothecontext thisphrasemeansbeingusefulorhelpfultoaparticulargroupofpeoplewithsharedinterest etc 15 Ifthatisso thentheyhaveawrongnotionofwhatthereal theultimate securityis Ifwhatpresent daymenmostdesireisreallysecurity thentheyhaveawrongideaofwhatthegenuine theessential securityis ultimatead beyondwhichnootherexistsorispossible fromwhicheverythingelseisderived basicorfundamental thatcannotbesurpassedorimproveduponThemanagementmusttakeultimateresponsibilityforthestrike Nuclearweaponsaretheultimatedeterrent Thesearetheultimateprinciplesofphilosophyandscience TheultimateluxuryofthetripwasflyingontheConcorde 16 Noonewhoisdependentonanythingoutsidehimself uponmoney power fame orwhatnot isorevercanbesecure Noonewhodoesnotrelyonhimselfbutjustonmoney power fame etc isorevercanbefreefromdanger 17 Onlyhewhopossesseshimselfandiscontentwithhimselfisactuallysecure Whoeverishisownmasterandhappywithhisachievementsisindeedsecure 18 Evencooperation togivethisthingitsmostfavorabledesignation isnomoreimportantthantheabilitytostandalonewhenthechoicemustbemadebetweenthesacrificeofone sownintegrityandadjustmenttoorparticipationingroupactivity Evencooperation themostfavorabletermwecanusetorefertoadjustmentandparticipationinthegroup isbynomeansofmoreimportancethantheabilitytoworkindependentlywhenoneisconfrontedwiththedecisionbetweenthegivingupofone sownhonestyandhisadaptationtoorjoiningingroupactivity 19 Ifonepersonalonerefusestogoalongwithhim ifonepersonaloneassertshisindividualandinnerrighttobelieveinandbeloyaltowhathisfellowmenseemtohavegivenup thenatleasthewillstillremainwhatisperhapsthemostimportantpartofhumanity Ifonlyonepersondeclinestofollowthemassman andinsteadadherestohisownbeliefsandremainsfaithfultowhathispeerssee