被动语态高三复习.ppt

ThePassiveVoice被动语态 什么是主动语态与被动语态 主动语态Activevoice 主语是动作的发出者do 被动语态Passivevoice 主语是动作的承受者 注意 不及物动词 短语 没有被动语态 Hisdreamwillbecometruesoonerorlater 一般式 进行式 bebeingdone 完成式 has havebeingdone bedone 结构 现在时 过去时 将来时 1 今日它仍被视为最伟大名著之一 Todayit oneofthegreatestbooks 2 我进不去是因为门锁了 Icouldn tgetinbecausethedoor 3 刚才有人看见一个人进了你家 Aman enteryourhouseamomentago 4 这项工作已经完成很长时间了 Thispieceofwork foralongtime isstillthoughttobe waslocked wasseento hasbeenfinished be PP 被动语态的基本结构 有各种时态的变化 考点一 1 NowEnglish bymoreandmorepeopleallovertheword A speaksB isspokenC wasspoken 一般现在时的被动语态 am is are PP 2 Thelostboy atthestreetcornerlastnight A wasfoundB isfoundC waslookedfor 一般过去时的被动语态 was were PP 3 Moreman madesatellites inthefuture A willsendupB willbesentupC aresentup 一般将来时的被动语态 will be PPbegoingto be PP 4 Threebridges sincelastyear A havebuiltB werebuiltC havebeenbuilt 现在完成时的被动语态 have has been PP 5 Flowers everyday A hasbeenwateredB shouldbewateredC shouldwater 含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词 be PP am is aredone was weredone am is arebeingdone was werebeingdone willbedone wouldbedone has havebeendone hadbeendone 考点二 被动语态中的特殊情况 6 Goodmedicine bittertothemouth A tastesB istastedC taste Thispen well A issoldB sellC sells 感官动词 和sell等动词用主动语态表被动 7 Manypeople duringtheearthquakeinMay 2008 A werediedB deadC died happen last die等动词不使用被动 8 Theman cleanthetoiletbecausehe rubbishboutwhenthepolicewalkedpastthepark A wasmade wasseentothrowB wasmadeto wasseenthrowingC made saw see hearsb dosthbeseen heardtodosthsee hearsb doingsth beseen hearddoingsth makesb dosth bemadetodosth 主动 被动 主动 被动 主动 被动 9 Childrenshould A takegoodcareofB betakengoodcareC betakengoodcareof 固定短语的被动不要丢掉后面的介词或副词 10 Yourdesk A needsrepairB needsrepairingC needstorepair need allow可以用 ing形式表示被动needtobedone needdoingbeallowedtodo allowdoing 二掌握被动语态的特殊结构形式 1 带情态动词的被动结构 其形式为 情态动词 be 过去分词 Finally childrenshould send tosomewherewherelifeishardifpossible besent Youngtreesmust water often Yourmistakesshould correct rightnow Thedoormaybelockedinside Yourhomeworkcanbehandedintomorrow bewatered becorrected 1 Myunclegavemeapresentonmybirthday Iwasgivenapresentonmybirthday Apresentwasgiventomeyesterday 2 Mymothermademeanewskirt Anewskirtwasmadeforme 2 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时 可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语 另一个不动 Hegavemeabook Abookwasgiventomebyhim Heshowedmeaticket Aticketwasshowntomebyhim Myfatherboughtmeanewbike Anewbikewasboughtformebymyfather 什么时候用to 什么时候用for呢 give show lend sell tell pass bring take teach offer pay promisesthtosb buy cook make find keep order choose paintsthforsb 3 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式 主动语态中不带to 但变为被动语态时 须加上to 例 makesomebodydosomething somebody be madetodosomethingseesomebodydosomething somebody be seentodosomething Agirlsawmywalletdropwhenshepassedby Mywalletwasseentodropbyagirlwhenshepassedby Thebossmadethelittleboydoheavywork Thelittleboywasmadetodoheavyworkbytheboss 1 我妹妹由奶奶照顾 Mysisterwill byGrandma 2 病人正在做手术Thepatient betakencareof isbeingoperatedon 4 短语动词要把它们作为整体看 即把它们看一个及物动词 介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉 这类动词有 laughat operateon listento lookafter thinkof talkabouthandin catchsightof makeuseof payattentionto setfireto takecareof等 Wecan tlaughathim Hecan tbelaughedatbyus Helistenstotheradioeveryday Theradioislistenedtobyhimeveryday Thenurseistakingcareofthesickman Thesickmanisbeingtakencareofbythenurse 1 不及物动词没有被动语态 如 rise 特别要注意表示发生的动词happen takeplace breakout comeabout occur 1 Whenwegottothetopofthemountain thesun already rise 2 Chinahastakenplacegreatchanges GreatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinChina has risen F F GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina 3 Thebuilding look verybeautiful 4 Hervoice sound quitesweetandweweredeeplyattracted looks sounded 2 五大感官系动词 feel look seem taste sound smell 没有被动语态 5 Thecloth wash easily 6 Thenewproduct sell well 7 Thepen write smoothly washes sells 一些动词表示性质的如 sell wash write last cook 一般用作不及物动词其后通常加副词well badly easily smoothly writes 这布很好洗 这新产品很畅销 这支笔写字很流畅 8 Thebookiswellworth read 9 Theproblemisnotworth discuss reading discussing 4 Sthbeworth doing 10 Theflowersneed want wash 这个问题需要注意 11 Theproblemrequired washing payingattentionto need want require doing 1 Whenwegottothetopofthemountain thesun already rise 2 Afterthefire fewhouses remain 3 Thebuilding look verybeautiful 4 Hervoice sound quitesweetandweweredeeplyattracted 5 Thecloth wash well 6 Thenewproduct sell well 7 Thebookiswellworth read 8 Theproblemisnotworth discuss 9 Theflowersneed want wash 这个问题需要注意 10 Theproblemrequired payingattentionto wahing discussing reading sells washes sounds looks remained hadrisen 1 不及物动词没有被动语态 如 rise happen succeed remain takeplace breakout belongto consistof等 2 感官系动词 feel look taste sound smell 用主动形式表示被动意义 4 beworth后的动名词要用主动表被动 5 在need want require表示 需要 的动词后的动名词用主动形式表被动含义 Brucewritesalettereveryweek AletteriswrittenbyBruceeveryweek 2 LiLeimendedthebrokenbikethismorning ThebrokenbikewasmendedbyLiLeithismorning 3 Hehaswrittentwonovelssofar Twonovelshavebeenwrittenbyhimsofar 4 Theywillplanttentreestomorrow Tentreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow 5 Lucyiswritingaletternow AletterisbeingwrittenbyLucynow 6 Youmustlockthedoorwhenyouleave thedoormustbelockedwhenyouleave Thebridge build lastyear TheOlympicGames hold everyfouryears 3 Theproblem discuss atthemeetingnow 4 Hisnewbook publish nextmonth 5 Inthelastfewdecades manyparks design toprovideentertainment 6 Themachine repair atthistimeyesterday 7 Shesaidthereport type byLiMeifortwoweeks 8 MissLisaidthebook give tothestudentsthenextmorning wasbuilt areheld isbeingdiscussed willbepublished havebeendesigned lastyear everyfouryears now nextmonth Inthelastfewdecades wasbeingrepaired atthistimeyesterday hadbeentyped said fortwoweeks wouldbegiven said thenextmorning 1 不及物动词没有被动语态 如 rise happen succeed remain takeplace breakout belongto consistof等 2 感官系动词 feel look seem taste sound smell 用主动形式表示被动意义 3 有些动词通常是及物动词 但是当它们和well badly easily等副词连用时 表示主语内在品质或性能 是不及物动词 用主动表示被动 这时不用被动语态 常见的有 write read clean sell wash cook等 4 beworth后的动名词要用主动表被动 5 在need want require表示 需要 的动词后的动名词用主动形式表被动意义 不用被动语态的情况 Wehaveanoldmusicalinstrument It call aclavichord It make inGermanyin1681 Ourclavichord keep inthelivingroom It belong toourfamilyforalongtime Theinstrument buy mygrandfathermanyyearsago Recentlyitwasdamagedbyavisitor Shetriedtoplayjazzonit Shestruckthekeystoohardandtwoofthestrings broke Myfather shock Nowwe notallow totouchit It repair byafriendofmyfather snow iscalled was