语法： 直接引语变间接引语.ppt

UNITTWO DIRECTSPEECHANDINDIRECTSPEECH Directspeech直接引语Reportedspeech间接引语 直接引述别人的话 要加引号 用自己的话转述别人的话 不用引号 直接引语变间接引语 即变为宾语从句主要需要注意以下五点 1 宾语从句必须用陈述语序 2 主句时态决定从句时态 如果主句为一般现在时 从句可以用任何时态 原题给的啥时态就用啥时态 如果主句为一般过去式 从句必须要用所给时态的对应的过去式 3 引导词 4 人称的转换 5 时间状语的转换 1 陈述句直接引语如果是陈述句 变为间接引语时 用连词that引导 that在口语中常省略 一般现在时Hesaid I mafraidIcan tfinishthiswork 现在进行时Hesaid I meatinganapple 一般将来时Tomsaidtome I llgotoShanghainextweek 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去将来时 Hesaidthathewasafraidhecouldn tfinishthatwork Hesaidthathewaseatinganapple TomtoldmethathewouldgotoShanghaithenextweek 2 直接引语如果是疑问句 变为间接引语时 要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序 1 一般疑问句 用whether或if引导 主句中的动词是said时改为asked 没有间接宾语的 可以加一个间接宾语 Eg Hesaid Areyouastudent Eg Areyousorryforwhatyouhavedone themotheraskedtheboy HeaskedmewhetherIwasastudent Themotheraskedtheboyifhewassorryforwhathehaddone Thefatheraskedhissonwherehewasgoing 2 特殊疑问句 仍用原来的疑问词引导 Eg Whereareyougoing thefatheraskedhisson Eg Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboy Wheredoyoulive 3 祈使句 句型 tell ask ordersb not todosthEg Writeyournamesonyourpapersfirst theteachersaidtous Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboywherehelived Theteachertoldustowriteournamesonourpapersfirst 直接引语变间接引语 状语变化有其内在规律 时间状语由 现在 改为 原来 例 now变为then yesterday变为thedaybefore today变为thatdayHesaid Iwanttogoswimmingnow Hesaidhewantedtogoswimmingthen 地点状语 尤其表示方向性的 here变thereTheteachersaid Youshouldcomehereat7 00 TheteachersaidIshouldgothereat7 00 指示代词修饰的状语 由 此 改为 彼 例 this改为thatHesaid Thisbooksismine Hesaidthatbookwashis this that these those now then thatday today yesterday thedaybefore tomorrow thenextday nextweek month year thenextweek month year here there come go thisweek thatweek 如果主句是一般现在时 直接引语变间接引语时 从句的时态不变 Hesays I mnotgoodatmath Hesaysthathe snotgoodatmath 1 Youshouldbemorecarefulnexttime hisfathersaidtohim 2 Mr Wangsaid IwillleaveforShanghaionbusinessnextmonth 3 Shesaidtohim It stimethatyoulefthere Hisfathertoldhimthatheshouldbemorecarefulthenexttime Mr WangsaidthathewouldleaveforShanghaionbusinessthenextmonth Shetoldhimthatitwastimethatheleftthere 练习 注 1 如果在当天转述today yesterday tomorrow等时间状语也不必改变 2 如果在当地转述 here不必改为there 动词come不必改为go 3 当转述客观真理时 直接引语变为间接引语时 时态不变 如 Hesaid Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound 4 为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时 也经常用一般现在时 Myteachersaid Tomisagoodstudent MyteachersaidTomisagoodstudent 练一练 1 Shesaid IoftengotothebeachonSunday Shesaid tothebeach 2 Hesaidtome Areyoulearningdancing He me learningdancing 3 MrZhangsaid Lighttravelsfasterthansound MrZhangsaid light fasterthansound 4 WheredoesLindacomefrom sheasked Sheasked from 5 Ourteachersaidtous Cometoschoolearly Ourteacher us toschoolearly thatsheoftenwent askedifIwas thattravels whereLindacame toldtocome 练一练 6 DoesMr BrownenjoylivinginChina Couldyoutellus Couldyoutellus Mr Brown livinginChina 7 Doesthegirlneedanyhelp heaskedme Heaskedme thegirl somehelp 8 Whendoesthetrainleave Iwanttoknow Iwanttoknow thetrain 9 DidPetercomehereyesterday LiLeiwantstoknow LiLeiwantstoknow Peter hereyesterday 10 Howdoeshegetonwithhisnewclassmates Couldyoutellme Couldyoutellmehow onwith newclassmates ifenjoys ifneeded whenleaves ifcame hegetshis 相信你能行 1 Thegirlsaskedifthey somefoodanddrinkwiththem 2 Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey dictationtoday A hadB has C willhaveD are 3 SheaskedLindaif goandgetsome A couldsheB shecouldC shecanD shemay 4 Canyoutellme youwereborn Betty A whoB whatC whenD that 5 Pleasetellme lastyear A wheredoesyoursisterworkB wheredidyoursisterworkCwhereyoursisterworksD whereyoursisterworked 6 Hesaid therewasgoingtobeameetingthatevening A whatB ifC thatD how 7 Heaskedme toldmetheaccident AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose A took B take C takes D willtake A C B C D C C 自我测试 1 Idon tknow thedayaftertomorrow A whendoeshecomeB howwillhecomeC whetherhe llcomeD ifhecomes2 Couldyoutellme thenearesthospitalis A whatB howC whetherD where3 Tomaskedmyfriend A wherewashefromB thattheearthisbiggerthanthemoonC whendidhecomebackD nottobesoangry4 Letmetellyou A howmuchisthecarB howmuchdoesthecarcostC howmuchdidIpayforthecarD howmuchIspentonthecar5 Didyouknow A whohewaslookingafterB whowashelookingforC whoheislookingforD whoheislookingafter C D D D A Theradiosaysit cloudytomorrow be Theheadmasterhopeseverything well go Tomsaysthatthey play basketballatsixo clockyesterdayevening Ihearthey return ityesterday Hesaidthatthey TVatninelastnight watch Heaskedwhatthey ateightlastnight do Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight fasterthansound travel Ithinkyou aboutYaoMingnow talk Ididn tknowwhomtheletters from be willbe goes wereplaying returned waswatching travels aretalking were weredoing 10 Ididn tknowwhattimehe theletter write 11 MissWangtoldmethattheearth move roundtheearth 12 Couldyoutellmewho awaythebooklastnight take 13 LingFengtoldmehe toLondonlastyear go 14 Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun intheeast rise 15 Canyoutellmewhatthey yesterday do wrote moves took went rises did 将下列句子合并为一句 1 Wheredotheystopontheway Iasked 2 Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting Couldyoutellme 3 Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus Heasked 4 Iamdoingmyhomework Hesaid 5 Iwillcomeback Tomsaid 6 Ishedoinghishomework Jimasked Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback Jima