皮肤癌ppt.ppt

Skincancer皮肤癌 TheincidenceofskincancerinChinaislow butamongwhitepeopleisoneofthemostcommonmalignanttumor AccordingtotheShanghaiCancerInstitutecancerincidencestatisticsindicatethatintheurbanareaofShanghaiCityin1988 exceptformalignantmelanomaskincancerincidencerateis15 310 Boringreports suchastheUnitedStatesexceptformalignantmelanomaskincancerin1991therewere600 000newcases Giles andsoon accordingtoreports theincidenceofskincancerinthesouthernregionofatleast650 1millioninAustralia for100timestimestheincidenceinChina Itisestimatedthatallcanlivetobe65whiteAmerican 40 50atleast1ofthemhaveskincancer thismayberelatedtothegeographicallocationandlifestyleofthepeople 皮肤癌在我国的发病率很低 但在白色人种中却是常见的恶性肿瘤之一 根据上海市肿瘤研究所1988年上海市市区恶性肿瘤发病率统计资料表明 除恶性黑色素瘤以外的皮肤恶性肿瘤发病率为1 53 10万 Boring等报道 美国1991年除恶性黑色素瘤以外的皮肤癌新病例有60万人 据Giles等报道 在澳大利亚南部地区皮肤癌的发病率至少达650 10万 为我国发病率的100倍 据估计凡能活到65岁的美国白人 其中有40 50 至少患过1次皮肤癌 这可能与所处的地理位置和人民的生活方式有关 PathologicalType 病理分型 Pathologicalexaminationinthediagnosisandclassificationofskincancerhasadefinitemeaning andiseasytooperate itisthebasalcellcarcinomaandsquamouscellcarcinomatissuepathology 1 Basalcellcarcinoma Leatherwithintheboundariesoftheobvioustumorcells nucleusisslightlylargerthannormal isovoidorlong cytoplasmicsmallcellboundariesarenotclear seamlessbridgebetweenthecells sothereareasmanynucleiinacommonsize nuclearstainingwasnosignificantdifference 2 Squamouscellcancer cancercellswithinablockorproliferationofcableintothedermis whichhavevaryingamountsofdifferentiationofnormalandatypicalsquamouscellsandnotallanglesbadcells Themoreatypicalsquamouscells thehigherthedegreeofmalignant itsperformanceforthecellsizerangingfromnuclearsplittingatypical dyeddeep cytoplasmicbasic nointercellularbridges Highlevelofdifferentiationistodevelopinthedirectionofcornerssquamouscells theclosertheangleoftheCentre theCentreiscompletelykeratosis 组织病理检查对皮肤癌的诊断分型有确定的意义 且易于操作 兹将基底细胞癌和鳞状细胞癌的组织病理 Howtopreventskincancer 如何预防皮肤癌 A developgoodhabits quitsmoking limitingalcohol Smoking theWorldHealthOrganizationpredictedthatifpeoplestopsmoking 5yearsafterskincancerwillbereducedby13intheworld second noalcohol a 养成良好的生活习惯 戒烟限酒 吸烟 世界卫生组织预言 如果人们都不再吸烟 5年之后 世界上的皮肤癌将减少13 其次 不酗酒 B lesssaltyandspicyfood don teatheat cold expiredandbadfood senileorhavesomesortofdiseasegeneshavesomeanti cancerSociety asappropriatefoodandbasicfoodswithhighalkalicontentandmaintaingoodmentalstate b 不要过多地吃咸而辣的食物 不吃过热 过冷 过期及变质的食物 年老体弱或有某种疾病遗传基因者酌情吃一些防癌食品和含碱量高的碱性食品 保持良好的精神状态 C strengtheningphysicalactivity improvetheirhealth intheSunmoreexercise moresweatcanbeacidicsubstancesinthebodywiththesweatoutofandavoidtheformationofacidicconstitution c 加强体育锻炼 增强体质 多在阳光下运动 多出汗可将体内酸性物质随汗液排出体外 避免形成酸性体质 D nottoeatcontaminatedfood suchascontaminatedwater crops poultry fish eggs rottenfood toeatsomegreenandorganicfood toprevent d 不要食用被污染的食物 如被污染的水 农作物 家禽鱼蛋