高考英语二轮复习 必备考点5 特殊题型(1)(1).doc

考点5 特殊题型一、短文改错(2013大纲版全国卷)此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断;如无错误,在该行右边横线上画一个勾();如有错误(每行只有一个错误),则按下列情况改正:此行多一个词:把多余的词用斜线()划掉,在该行右边横线上写出该词,并也用斜线划掉。此行缺一个词:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。此行错一个词:在错的词下画一横线,在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。注意:原行没有错的不要改。in my family, there are three people. my father ishardworking but goes to work in the field every day. 76.he isnt good at talk but he gets on well with other77.people. my mother is very much kind and is78.friendly to everybody. so when i have the problem79.i will turn to her for help. my friends say i am clever.80.when the teacher asks us very difficulty questions,81.ill think quickly and stand to answer. at home my82.father often thinks im silly. he said if i decide83.to do something, it takes him much times to stop me.84.this is how i need to improve in the future.85.76.【解析】butand。此处前后之间是并列关系。77.【解析】talktalking。be good at doing sth.擅长做某事。78.【解析】去掉much。very kind表示“很善良”,此时very后面不需要加much。79.【解析】thea。此处泛指问题,所以在其前面加a。80.81.【解析】difficultydifficult。此处需要形容词修饰后面的名词questions。82.【解析】stand后面加up。此处表示站起来回答。stand表示“站”;stand up表示“站起来”。83.【解析】saidsays。本文用一般现在时描述了家人的情况,此处指父亲现在经常说,所以用一般现在时,根据主谓一致原则,应用says。84.【解析】timestime。此处指阻止我需要他一些时间。time表示时间时,是不可数名词,没有复数形式。85.【解析】howwhat/where。句意:这是未来我需要提高的(地方)。improve若用作及物动词,后面缺少宾语,根据句意可知,把how改为what。improve若用作不及物动词,根据句意可知,后面缺少地点状语,所以把how改为where。(2013新课标全国卷)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线( )划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。the book im reading of talks about afternoon tea in britain. it is said to have started in the early 1800s. have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, that might not be served until 8 oclock at night. this custom soon becomes another meal of day. interesting, it had a connection by the british porcelain(瓷器)industry. tea in china was traditionally drank from cups without handles. when tea got popular in britain, there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit british habits. this made for the grow in the porcelain industry.【答案】1.【解析】第一句中“im reading”作定语修饰the book, read为及物动词,所以去掉介词of。2.【解析】第三句中have改为having。provides前为主语,应用动名词形式。3.【解析】第三句中that改为which。逗号后为非限制性定语从句,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。4.【解析】第四句中becomes改为became。根据下文可知应用一般过去时。5.【解析】第四句中day前加定冠词the。6.【解析】第五句中interesting改为interestingly。位于句子开头,修饰整个句子,应用副词。7.【解析】第五句中by改为with/to。have a connection with/to表示“与有联系”。8.【解析】第六句drank改为drunk。应用被动语态,drink的过去分词形式为drunk。9.【解析】第七句cup改为cups。根据文章可知cup应用复数形式。10.【解析】第八句grow改为growth。定冠词the后应加名词形式,grow为动词,其名词形式为growth。(2013新课标全国卷)短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线( )划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。i hardly remember my grandmother. she used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs. i was only four when she passes away. she is just a distant memory for me now.i remember my grandfather very much. he was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. he had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful. in a fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me. however, he was the gentlest man i have never known.【答案】1.【解析】第二句的holdinghold。此处是used to表示“过去常常”,后面接动词原形。2.【解析】第三句的passespassed。根据句中的i was only four可知,此处讲的是过去的事情,用一般过去时。3.【解析】第五句的muchwell/clearly。根据下文的描述可知,作者对自己的祖父记忆犹新。所以把much改为well/clearly。4.【解析】第六句的shouldershoulders。shoulder是可数名词,人有双肩,所以用复数形式。5.【解析】第六句的towardto/into。turn from a to/into b表示“由一种状况转为另一种状况”。6.【解析】第七句的himselfhim。此处指深沉的声音使他和其他人不同。7.【解析】第七句的第二个he前面加and。he was strong and powerful和he had a deep voice是并列关系。8.【解析】去掉第八句的a。in fact是固定短语,表示“事实上”。9.【解析】第八句的duringwhen。during是介词,不能引导状语从句,when是连词,可以引导状语从句,从句中的动词既可是短暂性动词也可是延续性动词。此处需要表示时间的连词,所以用when。10.【解析】第九句的neverever。此处表示他是我认识的最温和的人。由此可知用ever。(2013浙江卷) 第一节:短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分, 满分10分)下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(), 并在其下面写上该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线( )划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写上修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。dear diary, here i am in the middle of a city, 350 miles far away from our farmhouse. do you want to know why we move last week? dad lost his job, and as mom explained, “he was lucky to find other one.”his new job meant i had to say goodbye to my classmate, my school or just everything else i love in the world. to make matters bad, now i have to share a room with my younger sister, maggie. tomorrow is first day of school. i am awfully tiring, but i know ill never fall sleep.good night and remember, you, dear diary, is my only souvenir from my past life and my only friend.yours, rosemary【答案】1.【解析】第一句中去掉far距我们农舍350英里外, 前面有具体的数字, 不用far。2.【解析】第二句中movemoved由last week判定此处用一般过去时。3.【解析】第三句中otheranother此处句意为“他幸运地又找到了一份工作”, 故用another。4.【解析】第四句中classmateclassmates同班同学是可数名词, 所以用复数。5.【解析】第四句中orand此处不是选择关系而是并列关系, 所以用and。6.【解析】第五句中badworse固定搭配, 意思是“更糟的是”。7.【解析】第六句中is后加the/my此处first day前缺乏限定词。8.【解析】第七句中tiringtired我感到疲乏极了, 不是令人疲乏的。9.【解析】第七句中sleepasleep固定短语, 此处用形容词asleep。10.【解析】第八句中isare此处主语是you, 故用are。（2013四川卷）第二节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每句不超过两个错误;2.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;3.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。today we had a chemistry test. i found the test difficulty, but i tried hardly to do it. suddenly mary, my best friend, asking me to let her to copy my answers. after think for some time, i let her copy my answers. but after the test, all of us were called to the teachers office. the teacher was angry because we had same answers in the tests. we were warned not to cheat again so she would need to see our parents. i was very upset. i didnt cheat. i was just helping a friend. why does she punish me?【答案】1.【解析】第二句中的difficultydifficult“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中用形容词作宾语补足语来说明宾语的状态。2.【解析】第二句中的hardlyhardhard副词,意为“努力地”,而hardly也是副词,意为“几乎不”。3.【解析】第三句中的askingasked分析句子结构可知本句缺少谓语动词,结合上文的时态,故该为一般过去时。4.【解析】去掉第三句中her后的tolet使役动词后接不带to的不定式。5.【解析】第四句中的thinkthinking介词after之后的动词要改成动名词的形式。6.【解析】第五句中的allboth根据上下文来看指的是我和我的朋友两个人,故该为both。7.【解析】第六句中same前加thesame前必须有定冠词the。8.【解析】第六句中的teststest在第一句话中就提到了是一次化学测试,故该为单数形式。9.【解析】第七句中的soor根据句意“我们被警告不能再作弊,否则的话她就会见我们的家长。”可知前后两个分句之间的语意关系为转折关系,故该为or。10.【解析】第十句中的doesdid结合整篇短文的时态可知要改为一般过去时。(2013辽宁卷)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。1.【解析】第二句中withonspend.on sth.为固定搭配。2.【解析】第三句中去掉so这是一个句子,不需要连词。3.【解析】第四句中havehashard work作主语,谓语动词用单数。4.【解析】第五句中healthyhealth此处要用名词。5.【解析】第七句中whichwhat此处需要what引导表语从句,且what作say的宾语。6.【解析】第八句中paid后加apay a visit to是固定搭配。7.【解析】第九句中herhis上文是him,此处要与上文一致。8.【解析】第十一句中stepstepped全文用的是一般过去时。9.【解析】第十二句中picturepictures此处根据句意要用复数。10.【解析】第十三句中manymuch此处用much表示程度。(2013陕西卷)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线(),并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。my grandfather and i enjoy fishing.one sunday morning we go fishing at a lake. we took ours fishing poles and headed for the lake. as soon as we arrived, so we dropped the lines into the water. before waiting for about half an hour, i was beginning to get impatiently. i wanted to give up, and my grandfather told me to wait a little longer. finally, there were a sudden pull at the pole and fish was caught. within the next few minute, my grandfather also caught a fish.felt hungry, we built a fire by the lake and barbecued the fish. it was delicious.【答案】1.【解析】第二句中gowent。根据前面的时间判定用一般过去时。2.【解析】第三句中oursour。充当定语修饰名词必须用形容词性物主代词。3.【解析】第四句中去掉so。前面是从句,此处是主句,不用连词。4.【解析】第五句中beforeafter。根据上下文判断,应是等了大约半小时后。5.【解析】第五句中impatientlyimpatient。此处get是系动词,后跟形容词作表语。6.【解析】第六句中andbut。根据上下文判断,此处应该是转折。7.【解析】第七句中werewas。there be句型的主语是a sudden pull,故用单数形式。8.【解析】第七句中fish前加a。此处指一条鱼,表泛指,故用a。9.【解析】第八句中minuteminutes。在接下来的几分钟里,故用复数形式。10.【解析】第九句中feltfeeling。现在分词用作原因状语。二、信息匹配七选五六选五（2013北京卷）urbanizationuntil relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. the first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago.71in fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural(乡村的)villages. it was not until the 20thcentury that great britain became the first urban society in historya society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.britain was only the beginning.72the process of urbanizationthe migration(迁徙)of people from the countryside to the citywas the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.in 1900,fewer than 40% of americans lived in urban areas. today, over 82% of americans live in cities. only about 2% live on farms.73large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities.74until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英)and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.over the past two centuries, the industrial revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country.75today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one american farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers.a. that kept cities very small.b. the rest live in small towns.c. the effects of urban living on people should be considered.d. soon many other industrial nations became urban societies.e. but even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.f. modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.g. modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.【文章大意】文章主要讲述了都市化发展。71.【解析】选e。前面讲了5 500年前的情况,再发展应该是200年前,整句讲第一个城市在5 500年前就出现了,但直到200年前城市依然只有少数人居住,故选e。72.【解析】选d。英国只是开始,很快,许多其他工业国家也变成了都市社会,故选d。73.【解析】选b。当今有超过82%的美国人住在城市,只有2%的住在农场,接下来自然是讲其余的人住在哪里,故选b。74.【解析】选a。前面讲即使在发达的农业社会也需要95个农民养活5个城市人,选项a正好是这一事实对城市发展造成的结果。75.【解析】选f。在过去两百年中,工业革命打破了城市与乡村的平衡,后面讲述工业革命带来的现代化对人口分布及农业的影响,故选f。(2013广东卷)第二节信息匹配(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下列应用文及相关信息,并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。首先请阅读下列杂志上的广告内容:a.b.c.d.e.f.以下是读者为了获取相关广告详细信息的电子邮件,请匹配广告内容与邮件。答案：4650.becfd(2013新课标全国卷)第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。public speaking trainingget a coach51,so get help. since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when deciding the training thats right for you.focus on positivesany training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well. nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you arent doing well.52,so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldnt do.53if you find a public speaking course that looks as though its going to give you lots of dos and donts, walk away! your brain is so full of what youre going to be talking about.54. as far as were concerned, there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking. your audience can be your friends.you are a special person not a clonemost importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits.55. your training course should help you bring out your personality, not try to turn you into someone youre not.a. you arent like anybody elseb. you already do lots of things wellc. turn your back on too many rulesd. check the rules about dos and dontse. whatever the presentation, public speaking is toughf. the one thing you dont want is for them to fall asleepg. so trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse【答案】:5155.ebcga51.【解析】选e。根据“so get help”可知e项中的“tough”符合语境。根据下句中的“.ready to offer you public speaking training and courses.”也可知开头说的与public speaking有关,故选e项。52.【解析】选b。根据本段第一句中“.focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well.”可知演讲内容要集中在所做的成功的事情上,根据so可知此处与后句形成因果关系,所以b项符合语境。53.【解析】选c。根据本部分第一句中的“.give you lots of dos and donts,walk away!”可知要对条条框框说不,所以c项概括了这部分的主旨大意。54.【解析】选g。根据上句“your brain is so full of what youre going to be talking about.”可知此空与前一句形成因果关系,脑子里装满了条条框框只会使情况变得更糟。g项符合上下文语境。55.【解析】选a。根据段落标题“you are a special person not a clone”及本段第一句中的“treat you as a special one”可知本部分讲的是与众不同,故答案为a项。(2013新课标全国卷)第二节根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. the word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. most businesses seek to make a profit(利润)that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business.71commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.72business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business.73one is the establishment(制定)of broad basic policies with respect to production; sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting.74the third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. direction is concerned primarily with supervision(监管)and guidance by the management in authority.75a. control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.b. in this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.c. examples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.d. however, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.e. the second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.f. in the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.g. planning in business management has three main aspects.【答案】:7175.dcgea(2013陕西卷e)第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从下框的af选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项。a. adults keep pets with their children.b. pet-keeping has a very long history.c. pet-keeping may do harm to animals. d. people keep pets for their aesthetic need.e. caged pets become increasingly popular.f. pet-keeping is helpful for childrens growth.61.pet-keeping is a time-honoured tradition. one of the reasons for people to raise dogs or cows was usefulness. while people in the past hunted animals and kept them in their backyards, the civilised man today is less cruel towards them and is less exploitative(利用的).62.we keep animals as pets because they are attractive. we all have the urge to possess something that has aesthetic(美学的)value, and that is why we treasure paintings or fine furniture. keeping pets is one form of this urge. a siamese cat in the house can be a decorative object. pets are playful animals and they amuse us. a little rabbit amuses us by its playful and lively runs.63.many parents find it helpful to have pets in the house for their children. having pets is an excellent way of developing in children the love of animals and responsibility. children get the opportunity to take on full responsibility for another creatures life. it will be an educational experience for a child to watch the natural life cycle of an animal. there are psychological(心理的)benefits for children. pets are welcome friends for children who are lonely. pets are excellent companions. keeping pets means giving love and being loved. we find comfort in giving care and receiving care in return. we get pleasure from their appearance and their behaviour.64.as more people move into apartments, there are limitations on keeping of animals like dogs and monkeys. therefore, caged animals have increased in popularity. birds fall into this group. we keep them for their beautiful songs and feathers. fish-keeping is a widespread hobby and the keeper can observe their behaviour in the glass tank and study its entire life cycle. the cat is a fine house pet and it fits neatly into human habitation(居住地)without requiring its own cage. they are wonderful hunters, if there are rats around.65.pets satisfy mans desire to care for a bit of nature. the pet owner has the responsibility for supplying those needs that nature provides. pets are amusing and entertaining, but we are in a way doing animals harm by making them live in a human environment. are we not enslaving(奴役)them?61.【解析】选b。根据第一句话养宠物是一个有悠久历史的传统,可推知答案。62.【解析】选d。本段主要讲了养宠物的原因是它们可爱、吸引人,故选d。63.【解析】选f。本段从多个方面讲述了养宠物对于孩子成长的好处。64.【解析】选e。根据本段第二句可知,笼养宠物因为人们多居住公寓楼房而变得盛行。65.【解析】选c。本段主要论述了养宠物满足了人的需求,可是却伤害了动物本身。(2013浙江卷)第二节:下面文章中有5个段落需要添加首句(第6165题)。请从以下选项(a、b、c、d、e和f)中选出适合各段落的首句, 并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。a. time can run out.b. tomorrow wont be better.c. ideas need time to develop.d. your professor will be impatient.e. you blow off your chances for help.f. youre probably overestimatin