高考英语阅读理解专题训练极品题（12）.DOC

2014高考英语阅读理解专题训练极品题（12）及答案专题讲座阅读理解之推理判断题 (2012课标全国卷，c)about twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a filmstudio(影棚)to take part in a crowdscene.although our“act”would last only for a short time，we could see quite a number of interesting things.we all stood at the far end of the studio as workmen prepared the scene，setting up trees at the edge of a winding path.very soon，bright lights were turned on and the big moviecamera was wheeled into position.the director shouted something to the camera operator and then went to speak to the two famous actors nearby.since it was hot in the studio，it came as a surprise to us to see one of the actors put on a heavy overcoat and start walking along the path.a big fan began blowing tiny white feathers down on him，and soon the trees were covered in“snow”two more fans were turned on，and a“strong wind”blew through the trees.the picture looked so real that it made us feel cold.the next scene was a complete contrast(对比)the way it was filmed was quite unusual.pictures taken on an island in the pacific were shown on a glass screen.an actor and actress stood in front of the scene so that they looked as if they were at the waters edge on an island.by a simple trick like this，palm trees， sandy beaches，and blue，clear skies had been brought into the studio!since it was our turn next，we were left wondering what scene would be prepared for us.for a full three minutes in our lives we would be experiencing the excitement of being film“stars”！1who is the author?aa cameraman.ba film director.ca crowdscene actor.da workman for scene setting.2what made the author feel cold?athe heavy snowfall.bthe manmade scene.cthe low temperature.dthe film being shown.3what would happen in the“three minutes”mentioned in the last paragraph?aa new scene would be filmed.bmore stars would act in the film.cthe author would leave the studio.dthe next scene would be prepared.参考答案cba本文为记叙文。题材为人物故事类。作者和其他19个人有幸作为群众演员参加电影拍摄，文章记叙了作者的所见所闻。since it was hot in the studio，it came as a surprise to us to see one of the actors put on a heavy overcoat and start walking along the path.since 引导原因状语从句，see sb.do sth.意为“看到某人做了某事”，surprise 在句中为抽象名词具体化的用法，指“令人惊讶的事情”。影棚里面很热，因此当看到一名男演员穿着一件厚厚的大衣沿着小路开始漫步时，我们都觉得很惊讶。推理判断是指在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。来源:做推理判断题考生可采用以下方式step1：step2：step3：从整体上把握语篇意义，才能透过字里行间体会作者的“弦外之音”，理解作者的意图和态度。推理判断题不能毫无根据地凭主观臆断做出在原文中找不到根据的推理，也不能妄加猜测，对表面文字信息做多步推理，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。快速阅读全文后，根据题干和四个选项的内容，在原文中找出相关信息，仔细分析，吃透其字面意义，然后对四个选项逐个分析并进行对比，那些对相关信息进行同义改写或综合表达的选项通常是问题的答案。另外，还要结合文章所属话题的背景知识及考生的经验和常识做出合理的判断推理。此外，要特别注意的是选项中经常出现文章的原句，虽然没错，但这不是推断出的内容；还有些选项，推断出的内容离原文意义太远，找不到确切的根据，这些肯定不是答案。社会生活类-80as students and teachers returned to school on monday after the publication of performance ratings(等级) for 18,000 teachers, many parents said they were giving the reports serious thought. yet there was an equal measure of skepticism among parents that tests cores have any relationship with teachers competence.some said they already knew how good a teacher was by walking into the classroom or by monitoring their childrens progress. “im the kind of person who likes to see for themselves,” a father in queens said.others worried about how their fellow parents, perhaps ones with sharper elbows, might respond.will they demand a new teacher? move their children to a new school?elizabeth sane, the mother of a fourth grader at the ella baker school, a kinder garten-through-eighth-grade school on the upper east side, said that her daughter was switched to a different teachers class over the summer, and that it was “like adding salt to the wound” when she saw the high ratings for her daughters previous teacher. her daughters teacher this year did not receive a rating because he previously taught high school.ms. sane said that the rating was not the only factor that influenced how she assessed a teachers performance, but that the data used for teacher evaluations mattered.but other parents dropping their children off at the ella baker school said they did not trust teacher ratings based on test scores any more than they wanted their childrens learning measured only by the state exams.“some people take it as the final word, but it doesnt change who they are as teachers. the ratings arent accurate, and the whole student testing thing needs to be thrown out,”said lydia delga do, whose child is in the second grade.41.paragraph 1 tells us that_.来源:a. all the teachers received a rating given by the studentsb. all the teachers will receive a rating at the end of each semesterc. most parents took the teachers ratings seriouslyd. about half of the parents doubted the ratings to be reliable42.what does the underlined part “with sharper elbows” mean?a. with the ability to change the situation.b. with a good relationship with the school.c. with a stong will tosucceed.d. with strong elbows physically. 43.paragraph 4 shows that elizabeth sane . a. was on the side of giving ratings to the teachersb. regretted having senther daughter to another class c. didnt think her daughters previous teacher was betterd. wanted her daughterto return to her previous class44. which of the following statements is true?a. the teacher ratings were decided by the test scores of the students.b. ms. sane evaluated a teachers performance only by the rating.c. lydia delgado didnt think the students scores should be kept.d. to give ratings to teachers will come to an end in the near future.45.the attitude of the author towards the way to assess teachers competence is .a. supportiveb. criticalc. indifferentd. objective【参考答案】80.dabad社会生活类-81homeownership has let us down. for generations, americans believed that owning a home was undoubtedly good. our political leaders hammered home the point. franklin roosevelt held that a country of homeowners was “unconquerable.” homeownership could even save babies, save children, save families and save america. a house with a lawn and a fence wasnt just a nice place to live in or a risk-free investment; it was a way to transform a nation.no wonder leaders of all political types wanted to spend more than $100 billion a year on subsidies and tax breaks to encourage people to buy. but the dark side of homeownership is now all too apparent: indeed, easy lending stimulated by the cult of homeownership may have triggered the financial crisis. housing remains a drag on the economy. existing-home sales in april dropped 27% from the prior month, worsening fears of a double-dip. and all that is just the obvious tale of a housing bubble and what happened when it popped.the real story is deeper and darker still.for the better part of a century, politics, industry and culture lined up to create a fetish of the idea of buying a house.homeownership has done plenty of good over the decades; it has provided stability to tens of millions of families. yet by idealizing the act of buying a home, we have ignored the downsides. in the bubble years, lending standards slipped dramatically, allowing many americans to put far too much of their income into paying for their housing. and we ignored longer-term phenomena too.homeownership contributed to the hollowing out of cities and kept renters out of the best neighborhoods. it fed americasover use of energy and oil. it made it more difficult for those who had lost a job to find another. perhaps worst of all, it helped us become casually self-deceiving: by telling ourselves that homeownership was a pathway to wealth and stable communities and better test scores, we avoided dealing with these frightening issues head-on. now, as the u.s. recovers from the biggest housing bust（破产）since the great depression, it is time to rethink how realistic our expectations of homeownership areand how much money we want to spend chasing them. many argue that homeownership should not be a goal pursued at all costs.1. political leaders wanted to spend money encouraging people to buy houses because _.a. owning a home was undoubtedly goodb. homeownership was unconquerablec. houses could save families and americad. homeownership could shape a country2.the underlined sentence in para. 2 means _.a. homeownership has quite a lot of bad effects b. there might be another housing break down in the u.s.c. the existing-home sales will keep decreasing in the u.s.d. the result of homeownership is much worse than it appears3.it can be inferred from para. 3 that _.a. it is hard for americans to get a home loan b. it is the way to wealth to have ones own housec. many americans choose to live out of urbanareasd. homeownership has made many people out of work4.what is the authors attitude towards homeownership?a. favorable. b. ambiguous. c. cautious. d. optimistic.【参考答案】81.ddcc社会生活类-42to take the apple as a forbidden fruit is the most unlikely story the christians (基督教徒) have ever cooked up. for them, the forbidden fruit from eden is evil (邪恶的) . so when columbus brought the tomato back from south america, a land mistakenly considered to be eden, everyone jumped to the obvious conclusion. wrongly taken as the apple of eden, the tomato was shut out of the door of europeans. what made it particularly terrifying was its similarity to the mandrake, a plant that was thought to have come from hell(地狱) . what earned the plant its awful reputation was its roots which looked like a dried- up human body occupied by evil spirits. though the tomato and the mandrake were quite different except that both had bright red or yellow fruit, the general population considered them one and the same, too terrible to touch. cautious europeans long ignored the tomato, and until the early 1700smost of the western people continued to drag their feet. in the 1880s, the daughter of a well- known plant expert wrote that the most interesting part of an afternoon tea at her fathers house had been the “introduction of this wonderful new fruitor is it a vegetable? ”as late as the twentieth century some writers still classed tomatoes with mandrakes as an“evil fruit”. but in the end tomatoes carried the day. the hero of the tomato was an american named robert johnson, and when he was publicly going to eat the tomato in 1820, people journeyed for hundreds of miles to watch him drop dead. “what are you afraid of? ”he shouted. “ill show you fools that these things are good to eat!”then he bit in