高考英语阅读理解基础练习题（29）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解基础练习题（29）及答案阅读理解when did you last visit a shopping mall? in many places, the answer would be last weekend some people go even more oftenwhy? malls offer goods and services all in one place: food, clothing, things for their houses, entertainment, even medical servicesso, are they one of the highlights of modern civilization? environmental activists would say no and would go even further, arguing that consumer behavior is causing a huge environmental disasterthey cause consumers ignorance of the side effect of their shoppingurban sprawl （扩大）social scientists agree that patterns of development have changed the landscape a lotbefore 1950, most people lived in towns or cities and either walked to work or took public transportationonly very wealthy people had automobilesfarmers lived in rural areas or far-away villages and came into town only when they needed things they couldnt produce themselvesif you stared at the landscape you would see towns surrounded by the countrysidenow automobiles become affordable and people are quick to make use of them ambitious workers could live in suburbs, just outside cities, which have started to grow rapidlyas long as there is lots of cheap land there, no one pays much attention to the usage of that landmalls, fast food restaurants, cinemas, and such spread out in large, flat buildingsthese one-storey buildings and their parking lot take up too much spacemany farmers think they are better off selling their land than growing cropsno one has realized once the land is built up in urban sprawl, the good farming land will be ruined foreverthere is no way to preserve （保护） itonly in recent years have people come to miss the old way of life as they have looked into the problems of unconditional growthnow people realize that urban sprawl has come with serious environmental problemsthe bad effects that sprawl brings about include air and water pollution, loss of agricultural land, traffic jams, and so onmany scholars think its time to analyze the problems better so we can develop proper policies to control further sprawlsome think the best way to do is to educate citizens53what is mainly discussed in the passage?ashopping malls burban sprawlcnew automobiles denvironmental problems54what does the underlined word they refer to in the first paragraph?amails bactivistscmedical services dconsumers55what is the main purpose of the text?ato introduce mainly the environmental problemsbto explain the differences in peoples life both today and in the pastcto persuade people to live in the country instead of living in the citydto call on people to pay special attention to the problems with urban sprawl56what is the scholars attitude toward urban sprawl?arespectful bnegativecfavorable ddoubtful阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。azoos divide opinion ： there are those who think it is cruel to keep animals locked up while others believe zoos are essential for the survival of endangered species.to argue that zoos imprison animals is to misunderstand what zoos are about. without zoos many of the creatures we love and admire would no longer exist. every single day，over one hundred animal species vanish. scientists predict that as early as 2050 one quarter of the earths species will become extinct.some animals are in danger because they are hunted. alarmingly, the population of tigers has already fallen by ninety-five percent. other species are in danger because of a lack of food. for example, there are fewer than 1300 giant pandas left in the wild.zoos have special breeding programmes to help those animals at risk. these breeding programmes are proving extremely successful. as irene shapiro from zoo and wildlife support says, “the puerto rican parrot has grown in numbers from just thirteen to about eighty-five and the golden lion tamarin monkey, which has almost ceased to exist twenty years ago, has been reintroduced back into the wild. ”unfortunately, not everyone understands this important role zoos play. for example, brian featherstone from the anti-zoo forum says, “i cant believe we take animals from the wild and put them in cages for the entertainment of the public! we should view them on film or tv in their natural environment.，however, this misses the point. a zoo does more than display animals to the public. it ensures their survival. without zoos you would not be able to see many of these animals on tv or anywhere else!26.whats the writers attitude towards zoos?a.he shows no opinion either for or against them.b.he thinks that they are unnecessary and cruel.c.he believes they play an important environmental role.d.he expresses a desire that more of them be built.【答案】c【解析】推理判断题。最后一段作者说，动物园保证了动物的幸存，没有动物园你将不可能在电视上或者其他任何地方看到许多动物。由此可见，作者认为动物园扮演着一个重要的环境角色。故选c。27.the underlined word “vanish” in paragraph 2 most probably means _.a. remainb. disappearc. become rarer d. get killed【答案】b【解析】词义猜测题。a。保持，留下 b。消失 c.变得更稀罕 d.被杀下一句说，科学家预言早在2050年四分之一的地球物种将会灭绝。因此，每一天都会有100多个动物物种消失。故选b。28.according to the passage the worlds tiger population _.a.will rise by 5% next yearb. is relatively stablec/ is 95% smaller than in the pastd. has fallen to 95%【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。第三段“alarmingly, the population of tigers has already fallen by ninety-five percent.”说明让人担忧的是，老虎的数量已经下降了95%，即数量比过去少了95%。故选c。29 according to the passage some people do not agree with zoos because they _a.are too expensive to runb. put animals in dangerc.do not provide enough food d. keep animals locked up【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。第五段brian featherstone就认为我们应该在电影或电视上看动物在自然环境中的生活。所以，一些人不同意动物园的做法是因为动物园把动物都锁了起来，使其无法生活在自然界。30.according to the writer ，the most important function of the zoo is to _.a.make a lot of moneyb. entertain visitorsc.ensure animals survivald. educate the public【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。最后一段“however, this misses the point. a zoo does more than display animals to the public. it ensures their survival.”说明brian featherstone没有抓住要领，动物园不仅把动物展示给公众。它确保了动物的生存。故选c。阅读理解the crisis at the damaged fukushima dai-lchi nuclear power station in northern japan has raised worries about radiation riskswe spoke tuesday with jonathan links, an expert in radiation health sciences, and also a professor at the johns hopkins bloomberg school of public health, who says workers within the nuclear plant are the only people at the risk of extremely high doses （量） of radiationfor other people, he says, there may be a long-term worrypeople can get cancer from low doses of radiation in a nuclear accidentif the situation is serious enough, officials could take steps like telling people not to eat locally grown food or drink the waterjonathan links: but that would only be the case if there was a significant release （释放） and, because of wind direction, the radioactive material was blown over the area, and then into and onto water, plants, fruits and vegetablesthe reactors at fukushima are on the pacific coastbut professor links says people should not worry about any radioactive material leaking（泄漏） into the oceanjonathan links: even in a worst accident, the sea provides a very high degree of dilution （稀释） so the concentration （浓度） of radioactivity in the seawater would still be quite lowjapan is the only country to have had atomic bombs dropped on itthat memory from world war two would create a stronger psychological sensitivity to radiation exposurenext month is the 25th anniversary of the explosion and fire that destroyed a reactor at chemobyl in ukrainethe 1986 event was the worlds worst accident in the nuclear power industrya new report says over 6000 cases of thyroid cancer have been foundthese are in people who were children in affected areas of belarus, russia and ukrainethe report says that by 2005 the cancers had resulted in fifteen deathsthe cancers were largely caused by drinking contaminated （污染的） milk from cows eating grass where radioactive material had fallen57the passage mainly tells us _awhat measures the japanese government takes to solve the nuclear crisisbworries and influences caused by the nuclear crisiscwith great efforts of scientists, the japanese government has put the nuclear crisis under controldto explain that the nuclear crisis has less effect on its neighboring countries58which of the following is not the influence caused by the leak of fukushima dai-ichi nuclear power station?aworkers at the nuclear station are suffering the risk of deathbeven low doses of radiation in a nuclear accident can cause peoples cancercmore than 6000 cases of thyroid cancer have been founddwind may blow the radioactive material over the area causing pollution to water59according to the passage, which of the following is not true ?aits not necessary for people to worry about any radioactive material leaking into the oceanbno country other than japan has had atomic bombs dropped on itcby 2005, there had been 15 deaths caused by thyroid cancerdthe nuclear accident in japan is the worst in the nuclear power industry60this article is probably chosen from a _awebsite bmedical reportcscience fiction dtourist handbook参考答案阅读理解-awhen i was struggling with cancer a few years ago, my wife and i formed our own couple caution circle. anytime a doctor came with news of my progress, my wife would give me a big hug. the reports were seldom good during the early stages of my illness, and one day a doctor brought particularly frightening news. staring at my reports, he said in a low voice, “it doesnt look like youre going to make it.”before i could ask him a question, my wife stood up, handed me my clothes, adjusted the tubes fastened to my body and said, “lets get out of here. this man is a risk to your health.” as she helped me struggle to the door, the doctor came near us. “stay back,” demanded my wife. “stay away from us.” as we walked together down the hall, the doctor attempted to catch up with us “keep going,” said my wife, pushing the intravenous（静脉注射的）stand. “were going to talk to someone who really knows what is going on. then she held up her hand to the doctor. “dont come any closer to us.”the two of us moved as one. we escaped to the safety and hope of a doctor who did not confuse diagnosis with conclusion. i could never have made that walk toward wellness alone.41. from the passage we know_.a. hearing that her husband was not going to make it, the wife went out of her mindb. the wifes decision in crisis contributed to the husbands wellnessc. the husband was diagnosed with cancer by mistaked. the husband became weaker and weaker as a result of the treatment conducted by the doctor42. whats the authors feeling when writing the passage?a. angry. b. thankful. c. excited. d. sad.43. what can be inferred from the passage?a. the wife was a woman hard to get along with.b. the doctor was a dangerous man.c. the wife loved her husband very much.d. the husband was a man who believed everything would be ok.44. what would be the best title for the passage?a. a happy couple in crisis b. struggle with cancerc. in crisis, become as one d. dont believe the doctor参考答案41-44 abcc today, bicycles are elegantly simple machines that are common around the world. many people ride bicycles for recreation, whereas others use them as a means of transportation. the first bicycle was invented in germany in 1818. because it was made of wood, it wasnt very strong nor did it have pedals (脚踏板）.riders moved it by pushing their feet against the ground.in 1839, kirkpatrick macmillan, a scottish blacksmith, invented a much better bicycle. macmillans machine had iron-covered wheels to keep them from getting worn down. he also used foot-operated levers, similar to pedals, so his bicycle could be ridden at a quick pace. it didnt look much like the modem bicycle, though, because its back wheel was substantially larger than its front wheel. although macmillans bicycles could be ridden easily, they were never produced in large numbers.in 1861, frenchman pierre michaux and his brother ernest invented a bicycle with an improved pedal mechanism. they called their bicycle a velocipede，but most people called it a “bone shaker” because of the effect of the wood and iron frame. despite the impolite nickname, the velocipede was a hit. after a few years, the michaux family was making hundreds of the machines annually, mostly for fun-seeking young people.ten years later, james starley , an english inventor, made several innovations that revolutionized bicycle design. he made the front wheel many times larger than the back wheel, put a gear on the pedals to make the bicycle more efficient，and lightened the wheels by using wire spokes. although this bicycle was much lighter and less tiring to ride, it was still clumsy, extremely top-heavy，and ridden mostly for entertainment.it wasnt until 1874 that the first truly modern bicycle appeared on the scene. invented by another englishman, h. j. lawson, the safety bicycle would look familiar to todays cyclists. the safety bicycle had equal-sized wheels, which made it easier to ride. lawson also attached a chain to the pedals to drive the back wheel. by 1893，the safety bicycle had been further improved with air-filled rubber tires, a diamond-shaped frame, and easy braking. with the improvements provided by lawson; bicycles became extremely popular and useful for transportation. today, they are built, used, and enjoyed all over the world.31.this passage was most likely written in order to _.a.compare bicycles used for different purposesb.describe the proble