高考英语阅读理解全程提升训练（12）(1).doc

2014高考英语阅读理解全程提升训练（12）及答案 社会生活类the garden city was largely the invention of ebenezer howard(18501928). after immigrating from england to the usa,and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer,he moved to chicago,where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871. in those days,it was nicknamed “the garden city”,almost certainly the source of howards name for his later building plan of towns. returning to london,howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s,drawing on ideas that were popular at the time,but creating a unique combination of designs.the nineteenth-century poor city was in many ways a terrible place,dirty and crowded;but it offered economic and social opportunities. at the same time,the british countryside was in fact equally unattractive:though it promised fresh air and nature,it suffered from agricultural depression(萧条) and it offered neither enough work and wages,nor much social life. howards idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement,the garden city. howards idea was that a group of people should set up a company,borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside,far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.garden cities would provide a central public open space,radial avenues and connecting industries. they would be surrounded by a much larger area of green belt,also owned by the company,containing not merely farms but also some industrial institutions. as more and more people moved in,the garden city would reach its planned limithoward suggested 32,000 people;then,another would be started a short distance away. thus,over time,there would develop a vast planned house collection,extending almost without limit;within it,each garden city would offer a wide range of jobs and services,but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system,thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city.1. how did howard get the name for his building plan of garden cities?a. through his observation of the country life.b. through the combination of different ideas.c. by taking other peoples advice.d. by using the nickname of the reconstructed chicago.2. the underlined phrase “drawing on” in paragraph 1 probably means.a. making use of b. making comments onc. giving an explanation ofd. giving a description of3. according to howard,garden cities should be built.a. as far as possible from existing citiesb. in the countryside where the land was cheapc. in the countryside where agriculture was developedd. near cities where employment opportunities already existed4. what can we learn about garden cities from the last paragraph?a. their number would continue to rise.b. each one would continue to become larger.c. people would live and work in the same place.d. each one would contain a certain type of business.5. what could be the best title for the passage?a. city and countrysideb. the invention of the garden cityc. a new city in chicagod. a famous garden city in england【参考答案】69.1-5 dabab 阅读理解-cmost young people enjoy some forms of physical activity. it may be walking, cycling, or swimming, or in winter, skating or skiing. it may be a game of some formsfootball, basketball, hockey, golf or tennis. it may be mountaineering.those who have a passion of climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment. why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship, and to take risks in high mountains? this astonishment is caused, probably, by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure. mountaineering is a sport and not a game. there are no man-made rules, as others, as there are for such games as golf and football. there are, of course, rules of different kinds which would be dangerous to ignore, but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people. those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.if we compare mountaineering with other more familiar sports we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a “team game”. we should be mistaken in this. there are, it is true, no “ matches” between “teams” of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obviously teamwork.the mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man. he has to fight the forces of nature. his sport requires high mental and physical qualities.a mountain climber continues to improve in skill year by year. a skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty. but it is not unusual for men of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the alps. they may take more time than younger men, but they perhaps climb with more skills and less waste of effort, and they certainly experience equal enjoyment.【文章大意】本文叙述了登山运动的独特之处以及登山运动员所要战胜的困难。登山运动员不遵循一些人为的规则，而是自由的用自己的方法来攀登，因此登山属于一种运动而不是一种比赛。登山运动员不仅要战胜内心的强迫意识而且要战胜自然界的力量。46. what sports are popular among people in winter in the passage?a. soccer and golf. b. skiing and skating. c. cycling and hockey. d. mountaineering.【答案】b【 解析】细节理解题。根据or in winter, skating or skiing.可知冬季人们喜爱的运动有滑雪和滑冰。故选b47. the underlined word “passion” in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by _.a. strong emotion b. good way c. better feeling d. enough affection【答案】a【 解析】词义猜测题。根据willing to suffer cold and hardship and to take risks in high mountains可知登山运动员愿意遭受寒冷和辛苦，冒险登山需要的是很强的热情和激情。故选a48. mountaineering is a sport, not a game because_.a. it has man-made rules b. it is too dangerous for climbersc. it cant bring people joy or leisure d. it is free for climbers to use their own methods【答案】d【 解析】推理判断题。根据those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.可知登山运动员不遵循一些人为的规则，而是自由的用自己的方法来攀登，因此登山属于一种运动而不是一种比赛。故选d。49. we know from the passage that _. a. mountaineering has no appeal for people b. physical quality is more important than mental one for climbersc. a mountain climber passes his best by the age of thirtyd. it is possible for an old man of fifty or sixty to climb the alps【答案】d【 解析】推理判断题。根据but it is not unusual for men of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the alps.可知50岁或60岁的男人攀登最高山阿尔卑斯山是很常见的，是有可能的。故选d。50. what is the best title for the passage?a. sports in winter b. team work in climbingc. mountaineering d. the quality for mountaineering 【答案】c【 解析】标题归纳题。全文围绕着登山运动的独特之处，以及登山运动员需要战胜的困难，可知本文主要讲的是登山运动。故选c。阅读理解-bgetting into the cityfrom john f. kennedy international airportqueens:（718)244-4444distance to midtown:15 milestime to midtown:50-60 minuteshours of operation:24travelers aid:(718)656-4870mta-new york city transit authority130 livingston st., brooklyn 11201;(718)330-1234, . buses from the airport connect with subway stops in queens and brooklyn: a free shuttle goes from jfk terminals to the a line; the q3 bus goes to the f line; and the b15 goes to the 3 line. also, the q10, operated by green bus lines(718 995-4700), connects to the e,f, j, and z lines. bus/ subway fare is 1.5, paid in exact change, with a token, or with a metrocard. reader card#67.ad on p.43.new york airport service(718)8758200, . operates bus shuttle every 2030 minutes to nycs penn station, port authority, and grand central terminal(13) and to manhattan hotels between 33rd and 57th sts. (15). reader card #230. ad on p.25.supershuttle5215 11th st., long island city, queens 11101;(212)2097000,(800)2583826, . doortodoor transportation, 24 hours, 365 days. look for the blue van. reader card #123. ad on p.39.1. if you want to know more about the metrocard, you can .a. visit .b. telephone (212)2097000 or (800) 2583826c. read the ad on page 43 of the bookd. visit 答案解析：答案为c。本题为细节题。广告类的文章，可运用查读法。题干对metrocard提问，查找文章的new york city transit authority部分，发现最后的内容提到了metrocard，并且从最后一句话 “reader card#67.ad on p.43.”可知，答案为c。2. what do you know about new york city subway lines from the reading?a. they supply door to door transportation.b. they are directly connected with the airport.c. they run 24 hours, 365 days, marked with colors.d. they are marked with either numbers or letters. 答案解析：答案为d。本题为细节题。本题需要细看文章，先定位题干的 “new york city subway lines”, 而后从文章的 “new york city transit authority” 部分看到 “subway stops in queens and brooklyn: a free shuttle goes from jfk terminals to the a line; the q3 bus goes to the f line; and the b15 goes to the 3 line. also, the q10, connects to the e,f, j, and z lines.”, 其中，“a line”、“the f line” 和 “3 line.” 都是地铁线路，有字母和数字，故答案为d。 3. suppose you want to get to a manhattan hotel in 23rd street from the airport, youd better .a. take a bus shuttleb. take a bus by green bus linec. take supershuttled. take a subway 答案解析：答案为c。本题为细节题。要从机场去manhattan hotel in 23rd street，查读第二部分, 在new york airport service中提到了manhattan hotels，接下来的supershuttle介绍了5215 11th st., long island city,” 故答案为c。 阅读理解-dwhen times get tough, we all look for ways to cut back. when were hungry, we eat at home instead of going out. we take buses instead of taxis. and we wear our old designer jeans just a few months longer. with college expenses at all-time highs, high school students are eager to do anything to cut the cost of a university education.one cost-cutting proposal is to allow college students to get a bachelors degree in three years instead of four. educational institutions have been actively exploring ways to make the learning process more efficient. but theres a question: would the quality of undergraduate education suffer? few us universities have formally approved a “three-year degree” model.i doubt that mainstream north american colleges will carry out a three-year curriculum (课程) any time soon. for one thing, most universities already allow highly qualified students to graduate early by testing out of certain classes and obtaining a number of college credits. in addition, at famous universities, the committee who determine which courses are required and which courses are electives are unlikely to suddenly “throw out” one quarter of the required credits. professors will resist “diluting (稀释)” the quality of the education they offer.in my opinion, a quality four-year education is always superior to a quality three-year education. a college education requires sufficient time for a student to become skilled in their major and do coursework in fields outside their major. it is not a good idea to water down education, any more than its not a good idea to water down medicine. if we want to help students find their way through university, we should help them understand early on what knowledge and skills they need to have upon graduation. we should allow students to test out of as many courses as possible. we should give them a chance to earn money as interns (实习生) in meaningful part-time jobs that relate to their university studies, such as the five-year co-op program at northeastern university. 【文章大意】本文叙述了大学教育是否要削减时间，由四年制改为三年制。虽然许多美国大学没有正式的赞同三年制的教育模式，但是在美国大多数大学，有些优秀大学生可以提前毕业。作者认为四年制的大学教育质量比三年制的更优越，学生可以利用充足的时间在所主修的专业和领域变得越来越熟练。51. which of the following can be the best title?a. its time to shorten the learning processb. best learning takes place over timec. university education should be watered downd. college education calls for reform【答案】b【 解析】标题归纳题。根据a college education requires sufficient time for a student to become skilled in their major and do coursework in fields outside their major.可知作者认为大学教育要求学生利用充足的时间在所主修的专业和领域变得熟练，也就是要求最好的学习需要充足的时间。故选b52. we can learn from the passage that _.a. most american universities are against the “three-year degree” modelb. many famous us universities are considering adopting the “three-year degree” modelc. professors are willing to accept the “three-year degree” modeld. the “three-year degree” model can make college learning more efficient【答案】a【 解析】推理判断题。根据few us universi