八年级英语下册 Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling Topic 1 We ’re going on a spring field trip.学案及练习（无答案） 仁爱版.doc

unit6 enjoying cyclingtopic 1 we re going on a spring field trip.一、预习目标【课标单词】 fieldn. 田野，田地；牧场；场地vehiclen. 交通工具；车辆find out查明，发现，了解taskn. 任务，工作airplanen.（美）飞机airlinen. 航空公司；航空系统decidev. 决定；下决心totaladj. 总的；总数的，总计的；全部的；n. 合计，总计sunrisen. 日出（时分）；黎明，拂晓raisev. 筹集；使升高；饲养discussv. 讨论；商量bookv. 预订（房间、车票等）sleepern. （火车上的）卧铺cineman. 电影院；电影hoteln. 宾馆，旅馆，饭店reservationn. 预订refrigerator#name?air conditioningn. 空调系统standardadj. 标准的；n. 标准conditionn. 条件，状况comfortableadj. 舒服的；安逸的；舒服自在的personn. 人work out算出，解决commonadj. 普通的，一般的；共有的come up with想出（主意）；找出（答案）；追上，赶上dollarn. 元（美国、加拿大、澳大利亚等国的货币单位）drawn. 抽奖；抽签；抓阄；v. 抽（签、牌）sellv. 卖，售cellphonen. 可移动电话noonn. 正午，中午safelyadv. 安全地topn. 顶部，（物体的）上面；adj. （位置、级别或程度）最高的forwardadv. 向前；前进look forward to （doing） sth.盼望（做）某事hear from收到的来信as soon as一就templen. 庙宇，寺院daytimen. 白天；白昼；日问in the daytime在白天localadj. 当地的，地方的 【重要短语】!.春游 spring field trip 2.泰山两日游 a two-day visit to mount tai 3.到达那儿 get there4.骑单车去太远了。its too far for cycling 5.难说 its hard to say .6.分组工作 work in groups7.查处find out 8.坐火车去的费用 the cost to go by train 9.通过电话 on the phone10.决定某事 decide on sth 11.太-而不能 too- to- 12.-的票 a ticket to-13.预定酒店 make hotel reservation 14.标准间 a standard room 15.回信 write back16.超过 more than 17.想出 come up with 18.如此-以至 so -that19.以便于 so that 20.入睡 fall asleep 21.夜景night scene 22.看日出 see the sunrise23.照相 take photos 24.在-的脚下 at the foot of- 25.云海 the sea of clouds26.在白天 in the daytime【重要句型】1. , we will go on a two-day visit to mount tai, 我们将去泰山进行为期两天的旅行。 two-day “两天的” , 这是带有数字的复合形容词,复合形容词用连字符号连接时,名词要用单数。如：a 14-year-old boy 一个十四岁的男孩 a 100-meter race 一百米赛跑 a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行2. we will make the decision together. 我们将一起作出决定。 make a decision = decide 做决定 decide (not) to do sth. 决定(不)做某事 decide on sth. 对某事做出决定3. going by train doesntt cost as much as by plane, and going by bus is not as comfortable as by train. 搭火车的费用没有搭飞机的高，搭公车不如搭火车舒适。 “going by train” 动名词短语在句中做主语。 cost 表“花费（金钱/时间）”时，主语必须是事物。常用句型“ sth. costs (sb.) some money/time”中。如：this bike cost me 300 yuan. 这本书花了我三百元钱。 finishing the homework costs me two hours a day. 通常，每天做完作业花了我两个小时。4. weve got tickets at 120 for the hard sleeper and 180 for the soft sleeper.我们的的票价是硬卧票120元，软卧票180元。at 在句中表“以的价格”. 如: weve got tickets at 80 for the sound of music.我们有80元一张的音乐之声门票。5my school in america raised a lot of money for our band trip last year. 去年, 我在美国的学校为我们的团队筹集了很多钱。raise 及物动词，表示“筹集”外，还表“举起；使升高”，一般指把某物从低处抬高到高处。如：she raised her hand. 她举起了她的手。he raised his glass to mr. li.他举杯向李先生祝贺。rise 不及物动词，表示“上升；升起；上涨”一般指事物本身由低处移到高处。如：the sun rises in the east. 太阳从东边升起。the river/ price rose. 河水上涨了。6. some schools come up with great fund raisers , 一些学校产生出伟大的集资者， come up with 表示“想出；产生； 赶上” 如：7. it takes students one yuan each to buy tickets for a draw to become king or queen for a day. 学生要想成为 “一日国王”或 “一日王后”, 就要花一元钱买票才可以参加抽奖。 此句型为“it takes sb. some money/ time to do sth.”花了某人多少钱/时间做某事。【重要语法】动词不定式的用法一. 作主语 例如： to be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 to learn english well is not easy.学好英语不容易。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： it is hard to be a doctor. it is not easy to learn english well. 再如： its important to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： its good for us to read english aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 it is important for students to use english every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语： 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： his work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 my job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin,start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例： i want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 they begin to work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 dont forget to lock the door. 别忘了锁门。 would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow? 明天和我们一起去野餐好吗？ *如果and连接两个动词不定式，第二个动词不定式一般省“to”例：（1）he wants to go and have a swim with us. 他想和我们一起去游泳。 （2）若作宾语的动词不定式（短语）很长，可用it作形式宾语。 i find it interesting to learn english with you. 我觉得和你一起学英语很有趣。 he found it hard to catch up with others. 他觉得赶上别人很困难。四. 作宾语补足语。例如： the teacher asked us to read english for half an hour in the morning. 老师让我们早晨读半小时英语。 the teacher often tells jim not to spend too much time playing computer games. 老师常告诉jim不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏。 please let me help you. 让我来帮助你。 动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示宾语所做的动作，可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：tell, ask, want, like, invite, encourage, help等。但在let, make, see, watch, hear, feel, notice, have等感官听觉动词或使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式一般要省略动词不定式符号“to”，可以归纳为以下三种句式： 1.不可以省to的不定式作宾语补足语： tell /ask / want / would like / wish / like / invite /encourage /teach sb. to do sth. 例：the teacher told us to come earlier tomorrow.i want you to go now.我想让你现在就走。her parents wish her to be a teacher.她父母亲希望她当老师。 2.省“to”的不定式作宾语补足语：一感，二听，三让，四看，半帮助【妙语诠释】 一感：feel；二听：hear，listen to；三让：make，let，have；四看：see，notice，watch，observe；半帮助：help。let / make / have sb. do sth.let the boy go out now.让那个男孩出去。the boy made the baby cry. 男孩弄哭了这个小孩。 see / watch / hear / notice / feel sb. do sth.i saw the students play basketball on the playground yesterday.昨天我看见学生们在操场打篮球。 i often hear the girl sing in the next room. 我经常听到女孩在隔壁唱歌。3.可省可不省的： help sb. （to）do sth. i often help my mother （to）do housework. 我经常帮妈妈做家务。 *动词不定式的否定式是直接在to之前加not. 例： （1）tell them not to play football in the street.告诉他们不要在街道上踢足球。 （2）省to的动词不定式的否定式是直接在动词前面加not. 例： let the boy not go. 让那个男孩别走。（3）如果将主动语态变为被动语态时，作宾语补足语的动词不定式变为主语补足语，动词不定式则不省“to”，即原来省的再加上，例：the boy made the baby cry.the baby was made to cry by the boy. 那个孩子被男孩弄哭了。 五. 动词不定式作定语 动词不定式作定语常用来修饰名词或不定代词，放于所修饰的词后，为后置定语。例： who was the first one to arrive?谁第一个到的？ she has no paper to write on?她没有纸写字？ *动词不定式（短语）作定语修饰名词时，与其所修饰的词具有一种动宾关系，如果不定式中的动词为不及物动词时，其后应加上一个含义上所需要的介词。例： i have no chair to sit on. 我没有椅子坐。he has no house to live in. 他没有房子住。 六. 动词不定式作目的状语： 动词不定式作目的状语常用在go, come, hurry等不及物动词后，表目的。 he went to see his sister yesterday.他昨天去看妹妹了。 they got up early to catch the early bus.他们早起去赶早班车。 有时可以把不定式（短语）提前，放于句首，表示强调目的。例： to early english quickly and well, he went to england.为了更快更好地学英语，他去了英国。 七. 不定式和疑问词连用，可以作句子的主语、宾语、表语等。例： the problem is where to get a computer. （表语） no one knows how to do it.没有人知道如何做这件事。（宾） i really dont know which one to choose. （宾）我真的不知道选哪一个。 when and where to have the party is not known. （主语）何时何地举行联欢还不知道。 *不定式和疑问词连用作宾语时有时可以改为宾语从句。例： i dont know what to do next.我不知下一步该做什么？ i dont know what i should do next. 【闯关练习】（答题时间：30分钟） 一. 选择填空： 1. he asked me _ here earlier. a. come b. to come c. coming d. came 2. please tell him _ on the wall. a. dont draw b. to not draw c. not to draw d. not draw 3. he wanted _ a cup of tea. a. to have b. having c. have d. had 4. id like _ a word with you. a. had b. having c. to have d. have 5. i came here _ my uncle. a. saw b. to see c. seeing d. to be seen 6. the man refused （拒绝）_ back his words. a. to take b. taking c. took d. takes 7. i can let you _ one ticket. a. to have b. have c. having d. had 8. we often heard him _ in his room. a. to sing b. sings c. sang d. sing 9. he was made _ day and night. a. work b. working c. to work d. worked 10. he stopped _ a look, but saw nothing. a. having b. to have c. have d. had 11. my father was too angry _ a word. a. to say b. not to say c. to saying d. didnt say 12. my brother was old enough _ to school. a. went b. goes c. going d. to go 13. it is time _ him _ supper. a. of, to have b. for, to have c. of, having d. for, to has 14. its very kind _ you _ me. a. of, to help b. for, to help c. of, help d. of, helping 15. its important _ our classroom clean every day. a. kept b. to keep c. to give d. keep 16. before liberation （解放）they had no chance _ to school. a. went b. go c. to go d. to be gone 17. he said he had an important meeting _. a. attend b. would attend c. attending d. to attend 18. please give me a piece of paper _. a. to write b. to write on c. writing d. to write it 19. i dont know _. a. what do b. what will do c. what to do d. do what 20. your radio needs _. a. to be repairedb. to repair c. repaired d. to repairing 21. my wish is _ a teacher. a. becoming b. to become c. become d. became 22. i want _ him a letter now. a. to write b. not write c. write d. wrote 23. it took us three days _ the trees. a. plant b. planted c. to plant d. plants 24. why not _ here _ me? a. to come, to see b. come, to see c. came, seeing d. come, see 25. he wishes me _ my best _ hard at english. a. to do, to workb. doing, workingc. to do, workingd. do, work 26. please tell me _ her. i have something _ her. a. where to find, telling b. where to find, to tell c. where can find, to telld. where finding, telling 27. how happy they are _ each other again! a. to see b. see c. saw d. being seen 28. they decided （决心）_ a letter _ their thanks. a. to write, expressing（表达） b. writing, express c. write, expressed d. to write, to express 29. the officer ordered （命令）him _ down _ a rest. a. lying, have b. to lie, to have c. to lie, havingd. lie, had 30. the headmaster called on （号召）us _ hard for our country. a. to work b. worked c. work d. to working 二. 根据上句意思完成下句，使两句意思相近或相同，每空一词。 1. he was so angry that he couldnt say anything. he was too angry _ _ anything. 2. i dont know when we will have the meeting. i dont know when _ _ the meeting. 3. he said he would write a letter. he said he would have a letter _ _. 4. that you read english in the morning is very important. it is very important _ you _ _ english in the morning. 5. he was so strong that he could lift the stone. （石头） he was strong _ _ _ the stone. 6. his father went to beijing for his holiday. his father went to beijing _ _ his holiday. 7. they got up early so that they could get there in time. they got up early _ _ _ _ there in time. 8. his brother decided that he would buy the book. his brother decided _ _ the book. 9. he hopes that he can visit the great wall. he hopes _ _ the great wall. 10.i saw him go into the room. he was seen _ _ into the room. 11.we made him work five hours a day. he was made _ _ five hours a day. 12.do you want to say anything for yourself? do you have anything _ _ for yourself? 13.we dont know what we shall do next. we dont know what _ _ next. 14.im very sorry on hearing the bad news. im very sorry _ _ the bad news. 15.he stopped and had a look at me. he stopped _ _ a look at me. 16.i helped him with his english. i helped him _ _ english. 17.my father promised （许诺）that he would buy me a bike. my father promised _ _ me a bike. 18.the box is so heavy that i cant carry it. the box is too heavy _ me _ _. 19.“lie down! ”the boy said to his dog. the boy ordered his dog _ _ down. 20.“dont make any noise, ”she said to me. she told me _ _ _ any noise.二、要点讲评section a1、a two-day visit 两天的旅程数词-名词（单数）作定语，修饰名词eg：a ten-year-old boy 一个十岁的男孩 an eight-year-old girl或an 8-year-old girl （类似的8、18、80、八十几等以八开头的数词要用an）2、 decide 决定 （+ to do sth；on sth）eg：we decide to go on a trip by bike. we will meet together to decide on a best plan tomorrow.section b1、 to 的eg：keys to the questions a door to the houseway to 通往的路 some tickets to beijing2、arrive 到达 （at /in + 地点）= get to = reacheg：they arrived in beijing in a rainy day.（in + 大地方）they arrived at the bus stop in a rainy day.（at + 小地方）they get to / reach the bus stop in a rainy day.section c 1、 afford 负担的起eg：many families cant afford the education of their children in china in the past.2、 come up with 想出eg：we discussed for a long time ,at last,we came up with a good idea.3、catch up with 赶上 eg：he studied hard to catch up with others.4、look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事 (to是介词，后接v-ing)eg：i look forward to hearing from you. section d1、 as soon as 一就eg：as soon as we got to the stop ，we began to help others.2、a place of interest 名胜eg：there are many places of interest in china.三、典型例解( )1. what about going shopping together?sorry, i have a lot of homework _. a. do b. to doc. doingd. did用不定式作后置定语，修饰其前面的名词。故选b。( )2. its impossible for us _ there on foot in two hours. a. to get b. getc. gettingd. got考查不定式作真正主语的结构，其句型结构为：it+be+adj. (+for sb. )+to do sth.。故选a。( )3. though mike is _ boy, he can say many words. how clever!a. an-one-year-oldb. a one-year-oldc. an one-year oldd. a one-year oldone-year-old是复合形容词，其结构为“基数词+名词+形容词”。三个单词之间须用连字符，故排除c和d；该复合词以one开头且one是以辅音音素开头，所以其前用不定冠词a。故选b。( )4. what did the teacher say just now?he asked them _ the math problem. a. discussingb. discussedc. to discussd. discuss固定结构ask sb. to do sth. 请求/要求某人做某事。故选c。( )5. ill go on a visit to mount huang. _a. thank you. b. have a good trip!c. never mind. d. my pleasure. 考查交际用语。当听到对方说将去旅行时，应礼貌地说“旅途愉快！”故选b。( )6. i want _ the answer to the problem. could you help me?a. to come up withb. coming up withc. come up withd. came up with考查固定搭配。want to do sth. 意为“想(要)干某事”，加不定式作宾语。come up with意为“想出、想到”。故选a。( )7. the foreign visitors _ watching beijing opera at haidian theater. a. looked forward to b. looking forward toc. are looking forward tod. will look forward to考查固定搭配。look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事，注意这里的to是介词, 后跟名词或动名词。因京剧是中国的国粹，一般来到中国的参观者都想看，所以一般现在时。故选c。( )8. there are so many bags. you can _ any one. a. choose fromb. pick fromc. decided. choose考查choose, choose from, decide之间含义和用法的差别。choose是从众多事物中“选择”其中的一个或一部分，后接要选择的事物；choose from是从众多事物中“挑选”，后接要从中选择事物的众多事物；decide是“决定”的意思。依题意，应是“挑选其中任一个”。故选d。( )9. how much did your new car _ you?￥800 000. a. spendb. payc. costd. take考查动词“花费”的用法。当物作主语时，常用cost；it作主语时，常用take，其句型结构为：it takes sb. some time to do sth. ; 人作主语时，既可用spend也可用pay, 其区别为：on sth.(in) doing sth.timemoneysb. +spend + sb. +pay money for sth. 题目中主语为物。故选c。( )10. they will decide whether _ the movie the sound of music at the cinema. a. seeb. to seec. seeingd. saw考查“疑问词+不定式”作宾语的用法。故选b。四、评价作业听力部分（分）i. 听句子，根据所听内容选择最佳应答语。句子读一遍。（每小题1分，共5分）( ) 1. a. ive never been there before. b. tokyo. c. i went to toronto.( ) 2. a. yes, i will. b. thank you very much. c. good idea.( ) 3. a. in 2000.b. last year. c. for two years.( ) 4. a. its exciting.b. by bus. c. id love to.( ) 5. a. its interesting.b. i went there with my mother. c. i took some photos there.ii. 听对话和问题，根据所听内容选择最佳答案。对话和问题读一遍。（每小题1分，共5分）( ) 6. a. yes, it is. b. no, it isnt. c. we dont know.( ) 7. a. by train. b. by plane. c. by bus.( ) 8. a. it was cloudy. b. it was rainy. c. it was nice.( ) 9. a. he wants to book two tickets for the soft sleeper. b. he wants to go to shanghai.c. he wants to book two tickets for the hard sleeper.( ) 10. a. for two days. b. for three days. c. for a week. iii. 听对话，根据所听内容选择最佳答案。对话读两遍。（每小题1分，共5分） 听第一段对话，回答11-12题。( ) 11. what did jim do last weekend?a. he went swimming. b. he played football. c. both a and b. ( ) 12. sarah had a good weekend, didnt she?a. yes, she did. b. no, she didnt. c. we dont know. 听第二段对话，回答13-15题。( ) 13. what time is the next bus to city hall? a. at 2:30. b. at 3:15. c. at 3:30.( ) 14. how long does it take to go