高中英语 Unit5 The power of nature 第四学时 Grammar练习 新人教版选修6.doc

第四学时grammar观察领悟观察领悟下列句子找出其规律并熟读。1sometimes working outdoors，sometimes in an office，sometimes using_scientific equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists，i am never bored.2having_collected and evaluated the information，i help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.3having_worked hard all day，i went to bed early.4having_experienced quite a few earthquakes in hawaii already，i didnt take much notice.5having_earlier_collected_special clothes from the observatory，we put them on before we went any closer.6having_studied_volcanoes now for many years，i am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.7having_written a letter, i listened to music for a while8having_finished their homework, they all went out to play 自我总结1现在分词可在句中作表语、定语、状语与补足语，本单元只讲现在分词作_。2现在分词/动词ing形式作状语时，表示的动作或状态与谓语动词表示的动作或状态是同时或几乎是_发生的，或是_谓语动词表示的动作或状态发生，它的逻辑主语与句子的_一致。答案：1状语2.同时；先于； 主语动词的ing形式具有名词、动词、形容词和副词的特征，可以在句中作主语、宾语、定语、补足语、表语和状语。fighting broke out between the south and the north.南方与北方开战了。(作主语)the squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught.这只松鼠很幸运没有被抓住。(作宾语)the girl writing a letter is good at english.正在写信的那个女孩擅长英语。(作定语)i heard him crying in the corner.我听见他在拐角处哭泣。(作宾补)her job is taking care of the children.她的工作是照顾孩子们。(表语)he sat at the table reading china daily.他坐在桌子旁边看中国日报。(作状语)一、动词的ing形式的时态语态及意义动词形式意义以do为例一般式doing与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，与谓语动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生主动式doing被动式being done与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且与谓语动作同时发生完成式having done与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，先于谓语动作发生主动式having done被动式having been done与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动作发生二、动词的ing形式作状语时， 可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等；并可以转换成相应的状语从句或并列句用法例句时间hearing the news，they got excited.(when they heard the news，.) 他们听到这个消息时，非常兴奋。be careful while/when crossing the street.(.while/when you are crossing the street.) 过马路时要小心。条件turning to the left，you will find the place you want.(if you turn to the left，.)向左拐，你就会发现你要找的地方。让步admitting what you said，i still think that you made a mistake.(although i admitted what you said，.)尽管我认同你所说的话，我仍然觉得你犯了一个错误。having been told many times，he still repeated the same mistake.(though he had been told many times，.) 尽管告诉他许多次了，他仍然犯同样的错误。伴随/方式i stood there，waiting for her.(.，and waited for her.) 我站在那儿等她。原因having been bitten by a snake，she was frightened at it.(since she had been bitten by a snake，.)由于她曾经被蛇咬过，所以一直对此心存恐惧。being so angry，he couldnt go to sleep.(as he was so angry，.)因为太生气了，他不能入睡。结果it rained heavily，causing severe flooding in the area.(.，so that it caused severe flooding in the area.)这个地区雨下得如此大，以致于引发了洪灾。三、使用动词的ing形式作状语应注意的问题1动词的ing形式作状语，其否定形式是在它前面加not，never等。not knowing how to find the subway，i asked a policeman for help.因我不知道怎样找到地铁，我就决定去找警察帮助。2动词的ing形式作状语，其逻辑主语要与句子主语保持一致，否则，要用独立主格结构。riding a horse or driving a car，you should learn to control it.无论是骑马还是驾车，你都应该学会控制它。3动词的ing形式的动作和谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生时，用一般式；如果动词的ing形式的动作发生在谓语动词之前时，要用其完成式。walking in the park，i met an old friend of mine.在公园散步时，我遇见一位老朋友。having finished the work，he went out to meet his friends.完成工作后，他出去会朋友了。一、用所给动词的适当形式填空1. to find a good job，i need to continue my education，_(equip)myself with rich knowledge.2. the girl was occupied in doing his homework，only_ (stop)once in a while to look out of the window.3. _(receive) a large salary rise already，sarah is thinking of buying a new apartment.4. _(enter)the room，the nurse found the tape recorder gone.5the retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in yushu，_(enable)the students to return to their classrooms.6he had a wonderful childhood，_(travel)with his mother to all corners of the world.7it rained heavily in the south，_(cause)serious flooding in several provinces.8the lady walked around the shops，_(keep)an eye out for bargains.答案：1equipping2.stopping3.having received4eing7.causing8keeping 二、句型转换1after he had finished his homework，the little boy began to play football._ his homework，the little boy began to play football.2because they had been warned by their parents，they didnt dare to go out at night._ by their parents，they didnt dare to go out at night.3if it is sunny，well go for a picnic tomorrow._，well go for a picnic tomorrow.4if you think it over，you will have a good idea._，you will have a good idea.5as i dont know much english，im afraid i cant express clearly._ much english，im afraid i cant express clearly.答案：1having finished2.having been warned3it being sunny4.thinking it over5.not knowing三、用现在分词作状语翻译下列句子1布朗先生刷过牙，就下楼来吃早饭。_答案：having brushed his teeth，mr.brown came downstairs for breakfast.2我们坐火车访问了很多城市。_答案：travelling by train，we visited a number of cities.3他的父母双亡，他成了孤儿。_答案：his parents died，leaving him an orphan.4男孩大喊着跑开了。_答案：the boy ran away，shouting loudly.5从她口音判断，她准是四川人。_答案：judging from her accent，she must be from sichuan.四、语法填空bob likes smoking and often cant help 1._(do) so while working.one day while other colleagues in his office were busy 2._(get) their assignments 3._(complete)，he was caught 4._(smoke)by the boss.his boss cant stand smoking in the office and everybody objects to 5._(do) so during working time.as 6._(smoke)can lead to delaying 7._(finish) tasks on time.from then on everyone including bob should pay more attention to 8._(obey) the rules of the company.and the boss told bob that if bob kept on 9._(make) such mistakes，he would like to let him go rather than 10._(have) him stay.答案：1pleted4.smoking5doing6.smoking/to smoke7.finishing8obeying9.making10.have五、单句改错1when cro