【志鸿全优设计】高中英语 Unit2EnglisharoundtheworldSectionⅠ目标导学 新人教版必修1.doc

unit 2english around the world课前预习导学课标导航功能difficulties in language communication句型believe it or not.(插入语)信不信由你。the same.as.和一样even if 即使/尽管语法直接引语和间接引语()：请求与命令写作创作海报考点base(2012江苏，31)demand (2012全国，19)more than(2011全国，30)come across(2011天津，8)even if(2012北京，21/2011山东，28)宾语从句(2011全国，10/辽宁，23等)主题导读there are many kinds of english；they are different in their vocabulary，grammar，pronunciation and intonation.these different kinds of english developed from history，geography，politics and the influence of other languages.some of the major kinds of english are british english，american english，canadian english，australian english，indian english and caribbean english.the english spoken in africa is different from country to country.thus there is nigerian english，south african english，kenyan english and so on.all types of english originated from the english spoken in england.american english has now replaced british english.this is mostly because of the influence of the united states through the cinema，music，technology and trade.the most noticeable different ces between american and british english are in spelling，pronunciation and vocabulary.many words that end in our in british english end in or in american english.words ending in se are british english while their american ones end in ze.some vocabulary items，too，are different.there are also many differences in expressions.the americans would say “i just ate” as opposed to “ive just eaten”in british english.in american english，mary is “on the team”，while in british english，mary is “in the team”诱思探究1which kind of english do you like best？why？give your reason.2do you think chinese will become the international language instead of english one day?答案：1different students have different answers.2different students have different answers.基础导练.词汇拓展1_ adj.官方的；正式的；公务的2_ n航行；航海3_ adj.本国的；本地的 n本地人；本国人4_ n(美)公寓住宅；单元住宅5_ adv.实际上；事实上_adj.实际上的；事实上的6_ vt.以为根据 n基部；基地；基础basic adj.基本的；基础的7_ adj.逐渐的；逐步的_ adv.逐渐地；逐步地8_ n词汇；词汇量；词表9_ adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的_(反义词)(两者中)前者的10_ n本身；本体；身份11_ adj.流利的；流畅的_ adv.流利地；流畅地12_ adj.频繁的；常见的_adv.常常；频繁地13_ n& vt.命令；指令；掌握commander n指挥官；司令官14_ n& vt.请求；要求15_ n词语；表示；表达_ vt.表达；表述16_n街区；块；木块；石块17_n使用；用法；词语惯用法use vt.使用，利用_adj.有用的18_ vt.辨认出；承认；公认recognition n赏识；认出；承认19_ n口音；腔调；重音20_ adv.直接；挺直 adj.直的；笔直的；正直的.短语互译1_ 因为；由于2_ 走近；上来；提出3_ 现在；目前4_ 利用；使用5_ 例如；像这种的6. play a part (in) _7communicate with_8be based on _9more than one kind _10the number of _.重点句型1it was based _ on german _ the english we speak at present.当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。2_ _ _ _，there is no such thing as standard english.信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。3this is _ in the early days of radio，those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent english.这是因为无线电发展初期，人们希望那些播报新闻的人英语讲得很好。4so people from the mountains in the southeastern usa speak with almost _ _ dialect _ people in the northwestern usa.因此，来自美国东南部山区的人们用和美国西北部的人们几乎一样的方言讲话。答案：1.official2.voyage3.native4.apartment5.actually；actual6.base7.gradual；gradually8.vocabulary9.latter；former10.identity11.fluent；fluently12.frequent；mand14.request15.expression；express16.block17.usage；useful18.recognize19.accent20.straight.1.because e up3.at present4.make use of5.such as6.扮演一个角色；参与7.交换信息；交流；相连8.以为基础9.不止一种10.的数量.1.more；than2.believe it or not3.because4the same；as在预习中还有哪些问题需要你在听课时加以关注？请在下列表格中做个备忘吧！课堂合作探究section warming up，prereading，reading & comprehending文本感知.阅读the road to modern english，回答下列问题1which of the following statements is true?apeople from england started moving to other parts of the world before the sixteenth century.benglish began to be spoken in many other countries after people from england moved to those countries.cenglish may have the largest number of speakers.dpeople all over the world speak the same kind of english.2native english speakers can understand each other _.abecause they all speak standard englishbeven though they dont speak the same kind of englishcbecause they come from the same placedbecause they dont speak their dialects3who gave american english spelling its own identity?ashakespeare.bgeorge washington.cnoah webster.dan english king.4today more people speak english as their first，second or a foreign language than ever before because _.ait is an international languagebit has the largest number of speakerscit is easy to learndit changes little.根据课文内容，填充表格originmodern english comes from 1._.developmentfrom ad 450 to ad 800it was based more on 2._.from ad 800 to 1150new settlers enriched its 3._.at the end of 4._ centuryabout five to seven million people spoke english and nearly all of them lived in england.in 1620it was carried to 5._.in the 18th centuryit began to be spoken in 6._.by 7._centuryenglish was finally settled.there were two big changes in english 8._.two important works：samuel johnsons dictionary and noah websters 9._.current situationa large number of people study english and 10._may have the largest number of english learners.1._2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._答案：.1.b2.b3.c4.a.1.england2.german3.vocabulary4.the16th5.america6.australia7.the 19th8.spelling 9the american dictionary of the english language10.china导学互动1do you know that there is more than one kind of english？(p9)你知道不止有一种英语吗？more than one不止一个more than one student has failed the exam.不止一个学生考试不及格。温馨提示more than one意义上是复数，但形式上是单数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。同类用法的词组还有many a“许多，大量”，例如：many a student likes the performance by the girl.很多学生喜欢那个女孩的演出。联想拓展(1)more thanthe old man is more than eighty，but he can still care for himself.尽管这位老人80多岁了，但他还能自理。he is more than a good teacher；he is also our good friend.他是我们的良师益友。we were more than glad to hear the good news.我们听到这个好消息感到非常高兴。your sharp words were more than she could bear.你尖刻的话语让她承受不了。(2)no more than 仅仅，不过(only)not more than 不超过，至多(at most)(3)no more.than.和一样不not more.than.不比更(4)more.than.比更，与其说倒不如说(1)句子改写many a person was injured in the accident._ _ _ person was injured in the accident.we were more than willing to take your advice on this matter.we were willing to take your advice on this matter _ _.dogs are more than a kind of pet to us；they are our friends.dogs are _ _ a kind of pet to us；but also our friends.(2)单项填空it took _ building supplies to construct these energysaving houses.it took brain，too.aother thanbmore thancrather than dless thanmore than one question _ raised at the meeting.awere barecwas dhave beenthe form cannot be signed by anyone _ yourself.arather thanbother thancmore thandbetter than2later in the next century，people from england made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that，english began to be spoken in many other countries.(p9)后来，在接下来的一个世纪里，英国人开始航海征服了世界其他地区并且因为那一点，许多别的国家开始说英语了。1)voyage n. 航海；航行i wish to go on a voyage to space one day.我希望有一天能去太空旅行。联想拓展go on/make a sea voyage 去航海，去航行词汇辨析tour指为游玩而到几个地方观光的(长途或短途)旅行。trip指短期的旅程或观光，从某地出发再回到该地。travel复数形式指时间稍长的各处旅行，尤指出国旅游；不可数形式指行走、行驶或旅行。journey可指经常走过的或长或短的距离。voyage指经海路或空间的长途行程。(1)用tour，trip，travel，voyage，journey的适当形式填空they are going on a world _.before the 20th century，long sea _ were common.he met many interesting people in his _.they planned to make a wedding _ to paris.how long is your _ to work?(2)单项填空as we all know，the titanic sank on its first _.ajourneybtripcvoyage dtravel2)because of 因为；由于he was absent from class because of illness.他因病没来上课。he lost his job because of his carelessness.he lost his job because he was careless.他因为粗心大意而丢掉工作。联想拓展due to由于；thanks to多亏，由于；owing to由于；as a result of作为的结果，由于词汇辨析because of复合介词，后接名词、代词、动名词或what从句等，在句中作状语。because连词，引导原因状语从句；可用来回答why提出的问题。she was angry because of what you said just now.因为你刚才说的话，她生气了。why didnt you phone me last night?昨晚你为什么不给我打电话？because i didnt want to disturb you.因为我不想打扰你。单项填空(1)the openair celebration has been put off _ the bad weather.ain case ofbin spite ofcinstead of dbecause of(2)the old man asked lucy to move to another chair _ he wanted to sit next to his wife.aalthough bunlesscbecause dif3id like to come up to your apartment.(p10)我想到你的公寓坐坐。come up 走近；上来；提出an old lady came up to the policeman and asked for directions.一位老太太走近那位警察问路。her cat came up and rubbed itself against their legs.她的猫跑上来，在他们腿上蹭来蹭去。the subject came up in the conversation.这个问题是在谈话中提出的。联想拓展come about发生come across偶遇come on快点儿；加油come out发行；出版；出现；结果是come to总计；达到；苏醒come along到达；出现come up with找到或提出(答案，办法等)come up to走近；达到(认可的水平或标准)their holiday in france didnt come up to expectations.他们在法国的度假未尽如人意。i came up with a proposal and it soon came up at the meeting.我想出了一条建议，很快这条建议在会上被提出来了。(1)介副词填空her name came _ at the meeting.he came up _ a cure for the disease.the dictionary is being printed and it will soon come_.come _ please，only a few minutes left.(2)单项填空alvin，are you coming with us?id love to，but something unexpected_.ahas come upbwas coming upchad come updwould come uphave you _ some new ideas?yeah.ill tell you later.acome about bcome intoccome up with dcome forwardi can _ the house being untidy，but i hate it if its not clean.acome up with bput up withcturn to dstick to4actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.(p10)事实上，当不同文化相互交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所变化、有所发展的。actually adv.实际上；事实上she may look young，but shes actually 45.她可能看上去年轻，但实际上已经45岁了。actually，dinosaurs disappeared 65,000,000 years ago.事实上，恐龙已于6500万年前灭绝。联想拓展(1)actual adj.真实的；实际的(2)表示“实际上；事实上”含义的词组还有：in fact；as a matter of fact；in reality词汇辨析actually强调客观事实或实际情况，而不是个人的观点或凭空想象或推测的事。really用来强调自己所说的事情与事实或现实不相违背，也可表示不快、惊奇或某种含蓄的怀疑。意为“真正地，真实地”。truly强调客观存在的真实性，没有任何虚假。意为“确实地，真正地，真诚地，事实上”。were going to japan next week.下周我们要去日本。oh，really?啊，真的吗？we are truly sorry for the inconvenience.我们确实为不便感到抱歉。(1)用actually，really或truly填空he said he knew me well，but _ i knew little about him.i didnt know how to deal with such things _；please give me advice.tell me _ what you think.(2)单项填空do you think its a good idea to make friends with your students?_i do.i think its a great idea.areallybobviouslycactually dgenerallythe house，which is large and is surrounded by trees and flowers，is _ what she desires.aactually bgraduallycexactly dfrequently5it was based more on german than the english we speak at present.(p10)当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。1)base vt.以为根据(基础)base.on/upon.把建立在之上；以某事物为另一事物的根据、证据等be based on/upon以为根据/基础we should base the theory upon practice.我们应该把理论建立在实践的基础之上。the novel is based on historical facts.这部小说是以历史事实为基础的。n底部；基地；基础the lamp has a heavy base.这台灯的底座很沉。after the attack，they returned to the air base.他们发起进攻后返回了空军基地。india has a good scientific research base.印度有良好的科研基础。联想拓展basic adj. 基本的，基础的basically adv.基本上，本质上basis n原则；基础on the basis of根据；在的基础上happiness is built on the basis of health.幸福建立在健康的基础之上。(1)介词填空the news report is based _ a lot of facts.their decision was made _ the basis of incorrect information.(2)单项填空i think their success _ their experience and ability.abasesbbases oncis based ondis in the basis ofno one can give a good speech without an outline，which will give you a good structure to _your speech_.aset；inbkeep；oncfocus；on dbase；on_ an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later.abased bbasingcbase dto base2)at present 现在；目前we have no plans at present for closing the factory.目前我们没有关闭那家工厂的计划。he is busy at present，so dont bother him，please.他现在正忙，请不要打扰他。联想拓展up to the present迄今为止；到目前为止for the present目前；暂时be present at 出席present n礼物；当前，目前 adj.出席的；现在的 vt.赠送；介绍；呈递present sth to sb/present sb with sth把某物赠给某人一语中的at present the boss is presenting a small present to each person present at the meeting.现在，老板正在给出席这次会议的每个人赠送一份小礼物。单项填空_， the program has saved thousands of children who would otherwise have died.aup to the presentbfor the presentcat presentdup to presentit is reported that many a new house _ at present in the disaster area.aare being builtbwere being builtcwas being builtdis being built6so by the 1600s shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.(p10)所以到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。make use of 利用；使用i make use of my spare time to read books.我利用空闲时间看书。we should make good use of our natural resources.我们应该好好利用我们的自然资源。联想拓展make good/full/little use of 好好/充分/不充分利用make the best of 充分利用make the most of 尽量利用put sth into use 把投入使用come into use 开始使用make the best of every chance to speak english.要充分利用一切机会说英语。the newlybuilt railway station will be put to use soon.新建的火车站即将投入使用。单项填空every minute is _ full use of _ our lessons well.ato make；studybmake；studyingcmade；to studydmade；studyingwe should think of what use can _ such a good chance.abe made ofbbe made fromcbe made updbe made inthe school isnt the one i really wanted to go to，but i suppose ill just have to _ it.amake the best ofbget away fromckeep an eye ondcatch up with 7the latter gave a separate identity to american english spelling.(p10)后者体现了美国英语拼写的不同特色。latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的the celebration is planned for the latter part of november.庆祝活动计划于11月下旬举行。between english and maths，i prefer the latter one.在英语和数学之间，我更喜欢后者。in the latter part of his life，he liked living alone.在晚年，他喜欢独居。联想拓展the former.the latter.前者后者later adj.晚年的，较后的 adv.以后，后来late adj.迟的，晚的 adv.晚地lately adv.最近；近来；不久前latest adj.最近的；最新的一语中的he got up late yesterday and when later got to school，he found he was half an hour late，so he didnt have the latter part of the lecture by the teacher，and missed the latest information on the subject.他昨天起床晚了，之后当他到学校的时候，发现自己迟到了半小时，所以他没赶上老师所上课的后半部分，并错过了有关这个主题的最新信息。(1)用latter，later，late，lately，latest填空this is the _ scientific discovery.ken and mary came；the _ was dressed in a red coat.i havent been sleeping well just _.he will arrive in london on monday，and two days _ he will leave for new york.for some reason，he came to the airport _.(2)单项填空at first things went well，but two days _ we ran into trouble.alatelyblatterclate dlaterjohn and james are brothers.the former is a teacher；_ is an engineer.alateblaterclatterdthe latter8for example，india has a very large number of fluent english speakers.(p10)例如，印度拥有众多讲英语很流利的人today the number of people learning english in china is increasing rapidly.(p10)目前在中国学习英语的人数正在迅速增长。a number of 许多；大量the number of 的数量a large number of people have applied for the job.很多人申请了这份工作。the number of books stolen from the library is large.图书馆遗失的书很多。一语中的the number of people invited is fifty，but a number of them are not present for different reasons.邀请的人数是50，但因不同原因很多人没到场。联想拓展(1)a number of 修饰可数名词，谓语动词用复数形式，在number前可加形容词large，small，great，good等。(2)the number of 修饰可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。(3)numbers ofa number of 许多，大量in number 总共，总计whats the number of.?用于询问数量。whats the number of the students in your school?你学校的学生人数是多少？(4)表示“数量众多”的习惯用法有：不可数名词可数名词可数或不可数名词(1)用所给动词的适当形式填空it is reported that a large number of basketball stars _(have)played in the final match.the number of smokers _ (be) rapidly increasing among teenagers.there _ (be) a large number of foreigners here who come from scotland.(2)单项填空a large number of students _ passed the exam so far，but the number of the students who failed _ great.ahas；arebhas；ischave；aredhave；is9english is also spoken in singapore and malaysia and countries in africa such as south africa.(p10)在新加坡、马来西亚和非洲一些国家，比如南非，人们也说英语。such as 例如；诸如cartoon characters such as mickey mouse and snoopy are still popular.卡通形象如米老鼠和史努比仍然广受欢迎。there are many big cities in china，such as beijing，shanghai and tianjin.中国有许多大城市，诸如北京、上海和天津。短语辨析such as用于列举部分具体事物，时常放在所列举事物与前面的名词之间，其后不用逗号。for example用来举例说明某一论点或情况，一般只举同类人或物中的“一个”为例，可作插入语。可位于句首、句中或句尾，通常与所给的例子用逗号隔开，例子可以是从句。that is相当于namely，意为“即，也就是”，用来列举前面所提到的事物的全部。a lot of countries have gained great achievements in space technology，china，for example.很多国家在太空技术上取得了巨大成就，例如中国。he knows three languages，that is，english，chinese and french.他会三种语言，即英语、汉语和法语。(1)用such as，for example或that is填空i know many students of your school，wang ling，_.he enjoys team sports，_ basketball，football，and volleyball.he has two hobbies，_，collecting stamps and fishing.(2)单项填空the government has a lot of probl