【名师伴你行】高考英语一轮复习 Unit3 Inventors and inventions课时作业 新人教版选修8.doc

课时作业(三十八)unit 3inventors and inventions.用所给词的适当形式填空1.the_(mercy) king saved the young officers from death.2.the_(associate) between the two companies stretches back thirty years.3.we all have an_(expect) that he can pass the driving test next week.4.he took measures to make up his fault，which received our_(recognize)5.it is so cold and_(freeze) that we have to stay at home.6.he is always so busy with his work that he has no choices but to go to see his parents_(occasion)7.in ancient china we had many advanced_(invent)，which led to todays civilization and development.8.the light was too dim for me_(distinguish) anything clearly.9.he is a_(practice) man and doesnt like empty talk.10.these chemicals may be harmful to small children.use them with_(cautious)答案：1.merciful2.association3.expectation4.recognition5.freezing6.occasionally7.inventions8.to distinguish9.practical10.caution.完成句子1.a beggar_(被发现冻死)outside the temple gate yesterday night.2.id like to go whenever_(什么时候你方便)3._(刻苦学习)，and you will make great progress in your study.4.i have_(开始着手申请成为一名志愿者)since i learned the information.5.with everything prepared，i will_(全身心地投入到)the service.6.the government_(号召青年)to donate their blood voluntarily.7.united nations，is not a nation，but is，all nations_(与有关)each other.8.she was careful to mark her place_(在合上书之前)答案：1.was found frozen to death2.it is convenient to you3.study hard4.set about applying to be a volunteer5.dive into6.calls on the youth7.in association with8.before she shut the book.阅读理解a(2015山西省五校高三联合测试)in the past two decades，the chinese economy has undergone many reforms in an effort to compete more effectively on the international market.these reforms included allowing foreign banks to offer credit cards to chinese citizens.now，researchers at the university of missouri (mu) have found about 30 percent of chinese urban households now own at least one credit card and the growth rate of credit card adoption has been an average of 40 percent per year between 2004 and 2009.rui yao，an assistant professor of personal financial planning at mu，says that this large growth in such a small amount of time has positive and negative implications for the chinese economy.“with more and more people taking advantage of credit cards in china，it certainly increases potential consumer buying power，”yao said.“however，we found that more than 90 percent of credit card users were unaware of safety issues existing in credit card use and more than 60 percent had little knowledge of the consequences of credit card debt.this lack of knowledge could create problems as credit card ownership is expected to grow at a rate of 11 percent a year.”yao found that while 72 percent of chinese credit card holders were never late on their payment，only 55 percent were able to pay the full balance.she also found that 70 percent of chinese credit card holders said that credit cards contributed to overspending.yao believes the chinese could benefit from financial education designed to help them plan for their financial future and encouraging the chinese to take advantage of debt in a responsible fashion is important for the chinese economy.“appropriate use of debt can help households improve their quality of life as well as spur economic growth through an increase in market purchases，”yao said.语篇导读：越来越多的中国人使用信用卡，这在增加潜在消费者购买力的同时，也因为信用风险知识的缺乏给中国的经济带来了各种负面的影响。1.why did china allow foreign banks to offer credit cards to chinese citizens？ato increase chinese citizens confidence in economy.bto respond to the urgent demand for financial reforms.cto improve competitiveness in the international market.dto persuade more chinese citizens to accept credit cards.答案：c解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“the chinese economy has undergone many reforms in an effort to compete more effectively on the international market”可知，中国为了增强在国际市场中的竞争力，允许国外银行给中国公民提供信用卡。2.what is mainly talked about in paragraph 3？athe potential market purchases in the future.bweaknesses caused by lack of knowledge of credit cards.cthe rapid growth in credit card ownership.dadvantages and disadvantages of using credit cards.答案：d解析：段落大意题。第三段的第一句说使用信用卡可以增加潜在消费者的购买力，但后两句说信贷风险知识的缺乏可能会产生一些问题。3.a lot of figures are used in the text in order to_.arecord the valuable databprovide concrete evidencecintroduce a research methoddgive a detailed description答案：b解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文多处使用百分比数据是为了提供具体的证据。4.the underlined word“spur”in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to“_”acontrol bdelaycpromote ddiscourage答案：c解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的上下文可知此处意为：合理利用债务可以帮助家庭改善生活质量并通过刺激消费来促进经济增长。故promote“促进，提升”与画线词的意思最接近。b(2015石家庄质检二)sitting for more than three hours a day can decrease a persons life expectancy(寿命) by two years，even if he or she is physically active and gets rid of dangerous habits like smoking，according to a study.watching tv for more than two hours a day can worsen that problem，decreasing life expectancy by another 1.4 years.the analysis comes just two years after australian researchers found that people who said they watched tv for more than four hours a day were 46% more likely to die of any cause than people who said they spent less than two hours a day watching tv.those watching tv more than four hours a day were also 80% more likely to die of cardiovascular(心血管的) disease.“sedentary(久坐的) behavior is something we need to pay attention to，beyond telling people to get 30 minutes of activity a day，” said peter tkatzmaezyk，one of the lead researchers.but while the evidence of illnesses is increasing，it remains difficult for many people to find time to get on their feet，especially if they do desk jobs.“try to stand as much as you can，” dr.katzmarzyk said.“typically when youre on the telephone you can stand and use the speakerphone.instead of emailing someone in the office，just get up and go to talk to them.” however，dr.katzmarzyk added，standing shouldnt be an alternative to exercising，but an alternative to sitting.“several studies show that when youre sitting，your leg muscles are completely inactive，”he said.“when youre sitting and completely inactive，this is when you run into trouble managing blood glucose(血糖)”语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了久坐会缩短人的寿命。5.what is the main idea of the first paragraph？awatching tv too long can worsen our mental health.bwe should be active and give up smoking.csitting for too long a time can shorten ones life.dsmoking too much can be harmful to health.答案：c解析：段落大意题。第一段主要介绍了久坐会缩短人的寿命，引出看电视的例子也是为了说明这一点。故选c。6.the researchers draw the conclusion on the effect of sedentary behavior by_.amaking comparisons blisting figurescgiving examples dclassifying facts答案：a解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第一句中的“people who said they watched tv for more than four hours a day were 46% more likely to die of any cause than people who said they spent less than two hours a day watching tv”和第二句“those watching tv more than four hours a day were also 80% more likely to die of cardiovascular(心血管的)disease.”可知，研究者们用比较的方式推断出久坐行为给身体健康带来的影响。故选a。7.what does dr.katzmarzyk think of sedentary behavior？ait warns people to exercise 30 minutes a day.bits a bad behavior worth considering seriously.csedentary behavior can lead to death at once.dsedentary behavior is good for desk job workers.答案：b解析：推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段中dr.katzmarzyk所说的话可推断，他认为久坐是一种不良行为，应认真对待。故选b。8.according to dr.katzmarzyk，if you are sitting all the time，you may_.aphone your friends and talk about your problembput on weight quickly and become more inactivecwant to have more sugar for your mealsdfind it hard to keep your blood glucose proper答案：d解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“when youre sitting and completely inactive，this is when you run into trouble managing blood glucose(血糖)”可知，久坐会使你很难控制你的血糖平衡。故选d。.语法填空(2015沈阳教学质量监测二)daisy：do you have somewhere to stay in london，peter？peter：no，i dont.in fact，i was about to ask you _1_ you could arrange some place for me to stay.daisy：yes，thats no problem though i am not in charge of it.ill ask someone to arrange _2_ for you.what kind of place are you considering？peter：well，i dont care if i share it _3_ other people，but im not good at housework.maybe a home stay would be ok，_4_ i dont like young children.as you know，theyre_5_ (noise) and its difficult to study.hopefully，i can live with a lady _6_ has retired.daisy：ok，thats no problem.but i must warn you that _7_(live) with a family in london is very expensive.much more expensive than other small cities.peter：thats not a big problem for i have some money _8_ (save)besides，i can always get_9_ parttime job.i am working in a supermarket as a cashier now.so i dont think i will have trouble with money.daisy：sounds good.i _10_ (call) you if i get some information about that.peter：ok，thats great.thank you very much.语篇导读：本文是一篇对话，peter要去英国伦敦，daisy帮他租房子，peter谈到了自己租房的一些要求。1.答案：whether/if解析：考查连词。从语境看，空后的句子结构是完整的，而且表示询问，因此用whether或if引导宾语从句表示“是否”。2.答案：it/that解析：考查代词。这里应用代词it或that指代前面提到的“some place”。下文的“share it”也是提示。3.答案：with解析：考查介词。与share搭配，这里用with表示“和，跟”，跟其他人合租。4.答案：but解析：考查连词。空前说“would be ok”，空后说“dont like”，故这里应用but表示转折。5.答案：noisy解析：考查词类变化。这里用提示词的形容词形式作表语，表示“嘈杂的，吵闹的”。6.答案：who/that解析：考查定语从句。本空需要用关系代词来引导定语从句修饰人“a lady”，并且该空在从句中作主语，故用that或who引导定语从句。7.答案：living/to live解析：考查非谓语动词。这里用动名词或动词不定式作主语。8.答案：saved解析：考查非谓语动词。这里用及物动词的ed形式作定语表被动和完成意义：积攒下来的钱。9.答案：a解析：考查冠词。本空后面的单数可数名词job前加不定冠词a，这里表示同类中的“任何一个”。10.答案：will call解析：考查时态。语境叙述的是将来的动作，主句谓语应用一般将来时。故填will call。.短文改错(2015河北保定调研)dear mike，thank you for your email.id like tell you something about the english club of our sc