八年级英语(仁爱版)上册Unit1语言点归纳.doc

八年级英语（仁爱版）上册Unit1语言点归纳Unit 1 sports and GamesTopic 1 Are you going to play basketball ?重点词语:单词：1. almost(反义词)never（近义词）nearlyAlmost/nearly的区别：almost几乎、差不多，放在系动词之后，行为动词之前；almost/nearly意思相近，在肯定句中可以互换，almost多表示时间、程度、距离、进度，且almost可以修饰more than, too, nothing, nobody, nowhere, no one, none, never等词，nearly则不行。2.win(过去式)won(名词)winner win /beat 的区别:win的意思是“赢”、“获胜”、“得到成功”，在作为及物动词时，它的宾语往往是奖品、奖学金、名誉、财产、战争或运动等等; Mary won the first place in the competition. 玛丽在竞赛中获得第一名。 beat译成汉语也有“赢”、“取胜”、“战胜”之意。但跟win的用法不同，这个动词后面跟的是比赛、竞争中的对手或战争中的敌人.I beat John at chess yesterday.昨天我和约翰下棋并赢了他。 We beat their team by 54.我们以五比四战胜他们队。3 against反对/ for 支持 We are against war. 3.ski(现在分词)skiing 4.famous(比较级)more famous5.arrive in/at(同义词)reach 6.leave(过去式)left (现在分词)leaving 7.popular(最高级)most popular 8.healthy(同义词)fit(名词)health(1) 词组：1. during the summer holidays =in the summer holidays 在暑假期间2. have a basketball game 举行篮球赛3. this term 这学期4. would like to do sth.5. cheer sb. on 为某人加油 cheer up 使振奋，使高兴 Cheers！ 干杯！6. hope的用法7. prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事 prefer to do sth. prefer to 比起更喜欢 prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿而不愿Liu Hulan prefered to die than give in.8. quite a bit/a lot 很多6. plan to do sth. 计划做某事7. have a skating club 举办滑冰俱乐部8. go skating/skiing/bicycling/climbing/hiking 去滑冰/滑雪/骑车/爬山/远足9. arrive in/at 到达10. play against 与对抗/较量11. for long 很久12. leave for 动身去13. the day after tomorrow 后天14. places of interest 名胜16. play baseball 打棒球17. at least 至少18. be good at 善于做某事19. take part in 参加20. all over the world 全世界21. be good for 对有益22. a good way 一种好方法23. keep fit/healthy 保持健康24. relax oneself 放松某人自己重点句型25. Whats your favorite sport? = What sport do you like best? 你最喜爱的运动是什么?26. Which sport do you prefer? = Which sport do you like better? 你更喜欢什么运动?I prefer skating. = I like skating better. 我更喜欢滑冰.I prefer basketball to football.比起足球来，我更喜欢篮球。27. Do you skate much? = Do you often skate? 你常滑冰吗?28. She spends at least half an hour in the gym every day. 每天她至少花半小时在体育馆.29. She plays baseball pretty well and she is also good at jumping. 她棒球打得相当好而且擅长于跳.30. What kind of sports do you like? = Which sport do you like? 你喜欢哪种运动?重点语言点31. see sb. do sth “看见某人做了某事” 强调动作的全过程,常与every day; often；always等连用.see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事” 强调动作正在进行. 如: I saw you play basketball almost every day during the summer holidays.暑假期间，我几乎每天都看见你打篮球了。 I often see him draw pictures near the river. 我常看见她在河边画画. I saw her go across the street. 我看见她过了马路 I saw her going across the street. 我看见她正在过马路. 类似的有watch,hear,feel 等这类感观动词.32. join / join in / take part in / be in 区别join 参加、加入join sb. 表示 “加入某人的行列” “和某人在一起”join + 组织 表示 “加入某个组织”take part in = join in= be in 表示 “参加/出席某个活动”take an active part in 积极参加如: Will you join us? I will join the skiing club.join the Party 入党join the League 入团She is planning to take part in the high jump.33. arrive in + 大地点arrive at + 小地点get to + 地点 = reach + 地点如: My uncle arrived in Beijing yesterday. I arrived at the Great Wall. = I got to the Great Wall. = I reached the Great Wall.注意: reach here/there/home = get here/there/home = arrive here/there/home34. leave 离开leave for 动身去/离开（所在的地方）到如: They are leaving Beijing tomorrow. 明天他们要离开北京.They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow. 后天他们要前往日本. 35. a few “几个;一些” 修饰可数名词36. a little “一点点” 修饰不数名词如: There are a few eggs in the basket. There is a little water in the bottle.37. how long 表示“多久(时间)”; 提问时间段.how often 表示 “多常; 多久一次”; 提问时间的频率.如: They will stay in Beijing for a week. How long will they stay in Beijing? He plays basketball twice a week. How often does he play basketball?37.be good at (doing) sth. = do well in (doing) sth. 擅长于(做)某事 如: She is good at (playing) baseball. = She does well in (playing) baseball.38.make sth/sb + adj. 使某物(某人)在某种状态 keep sth/sb + adj. 保持某物(某人)在某种状态 如: Playing soccer can make your body strong. Swimming can help to keep your heart and lungs healthy.39.spend(in) doing sth. 花费（时间）做某事如：She spends half an hour (in) reading English every day.她每天用半小时读英语。重点语法 一般将来时：（一）be going to 结构: 表示主语进行某一将来行动的打算、意图。这种打算常经过预先考虑并含有自己做好某些准备的意思，因此通常认为用be going to表达的行动很可能会见诸实践。 如：Im going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday. 我打算本周日和同学们一起打篮球。 She is going to buy a sweater for her mother. 她打算为她妈妈买一件毛衣。There is going to be a school sports meet next weekend.学校运动会将在下周末举行。表预测。指根据迹象推测，而且马上或很快就要发生。 如：Look at those clouds. Its going to rain. 瞧那些乌云！快要下雨了！ be going to + 地点 准备去（二） will + 动词原形：1.表示单纯的将来事实，常与表示将来的时间状语如:tomorrow, soon, later, next time(week/month/year)等连用。will not = wont; 缩略形式为ll.2.表示作出立即的决定。这种意图并未经过事先的考虑或计划，是临时的一种决定。如：a. -Please put your things away, Tom. 汤姆，把你的东西收拾好。-Im sorry. Ill do it right away. 对不起。我马上就去做。b. -Would you like coffee or tea? 您要咖啡还是茶？ -I will have a cup of tea,please. 我要一杯茶。c. Dont worry. Ill help you. 别担心。我会帮你的。3.表示预测。指说话人对于将来的看法、假设和推测。如： Im sure our team will win next time. 我确信下次我们队会赢。Maybe she will go to the gym. 也许她会去体育馆。4.表示许诺。如： Ill do better next time. 下次我会做得更好的。 Ill visit you tomorrow. 明天我会去看你的。句式：肯定句：I/She/He/They will go to play baseball soon.否定句：I/She/He/They wont go to play baseball soon.一般疑问句：Will you/she/he/they go to play baseball soon?回答：Yes, I/she/he/they will. No, I/she /he/they wont.（三）动词plan, come, go, leave, fly等用现在进行时表示将要发生的事. 如： Im coming. 我就来。 He is leaving for Shanghai. 他将到上海去。 We are going to Beijing. 我们将去北京。（四）shall + 动词原形：1.(用于第一人称,表示将来)将,会，表示征求对方的意愿，构成将来时态We shall have a good time in the park.我们在公园里会玩得很高兴的。2. Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。如：Shall we begin our lesson?When shall he be able to leave the hospital?（五）一般现在时表将来（六）be about to do sth.表示即将发生的动作，在时间上指最近的将来。在含有be about to do的句子中，不能再加时间状语.如： We are about to start. 我们就要出发了。Unit 1 Sports and GamesTopic 2 Would you mind teaching me?一、重点词语:（一）词形转换：(1) adj. + ly adv.loud loudly soft softly quiet quietlyclear clearly angry angrily easy easilybeautifulbeautifully careful carefully heavyheavily(2)过去式：fall fell break broke lose lost throw threw feel felt (3) n.+ less 表示“无、不、没有”care careless hope hopeless home homeless(4) 1.ill (同义词)sick (名词)illness 2.start(同义词)begin 3.far(反义词)near 4.smoke(现在分词)smoking 5.careless(反义词)careful 6.important(比较级) more important 7.Russia(公民、语言)Russian 8. Canada(公民) Canadian9.invent(名词)invention;inventor 10.indoor(反义词)outdoor 11.century(复数)centuries 12. enjoy(现在分词)enjoying 13.feel (名词)feeling 14.tiring(近义词)tired (二) 词组:do sb. a favor=help sb.= give sb. a hand 帮助某人have a soccer game 进行一场足球赛fall ill 病倒了be a little far from 离有点远 right away = at once 立刻;马上miss a good chance 错过一个好机会shout at sb. 冲某人（生气地）喊叫，大喊大叫shout to sb. 朝某人高声说话get/miss a goal 得到/失去一分have a fight with sb. = fight with sb. 和打架do/ try ones best 尽某人的力do/ try ones best to do sth. 尽力做某事say sorry to sb. 对某人说抱歉be sure to do sth. 肯定/一定/确定做某事be sure of/about 对 有把握be angry with 生某人的气be angry at/ about sth. 对某事生气with ones help = with the help of sb. 在某人的帮助下serve the food 上菜turn up/down 调高/低（音量）turn on / off 打开/ 关闭keep doing sth. 坚持做某事keep sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事in a minute 一分钟后；马上on the phone 在电话中take/ have a seat 就坐take ones seat=have ones seat 坐某人的座位never mind 不要紧a lot of traveling 一系列旅行love/enjoy doing sth. 喜爱/欢做某事have a very exciting life 过着非常兴奋的生活as well 也throwinto 把投进follow/obey the rules 遵守规则so that 为了，以便 (引导目的状语从句)more and more people 越来越多的人feel tired 感到疲劳instead of 替代 ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事make a plan for sb. 为某人订一份计划build up 增进;增强have great fun doing sth. 从做某事中获得巨大乐趣do the homework 做作业be important to sb./sth. 对很重要二.重点句型Could you please do me a favor? = Could you help me? = Could you give me a hand?你能帮我吗？ Would you mind teaching me? = Would you please teach me? 你教我好吗？You are always so careless. 你总是这样粗心大意.Let me buy you a new one. = Let me buy a new one for you.让我为你买一个新的。He invented an indoor game for his students so that they could play it even in bad weather. 他为他的学生们发明了一项室内运动以便他们甚至在恶劣的天气也能玩。And you can throw it with one hand or both hands.你能用一只手或两只手投掷它。三. 重点语言点1. ill 与 sick 都表示 “生病的”, ill只能作表语,而sick既可作表语也可作定语.如: The man is ill/sick. 那个男人病了. (作表语) He is a sick man. 他是个病人. (作定语)fall ill 病倒了（强调动作）be ill 生病了（强调状态）feel ill 感觉不舒服（强调身体感受）2. mind的用法（1）Would /Do you mind (not) doing sth? 表示请求允许，“请你(不要)做某事,介意/好吗?”（2）Would /Do you mind if.? 如果，你介意吗？不介意：Not at all（完全不介意）./Of course not./Certainly not.介意、反对：Yes, please dont. /Better not. /Sorry, Im afraid youd better not.如: Would you mind coming and checking it? 请你来修理它，好吗? Would you mind not smoking here? 不要在这儿吸烟,好/介意吗? Would you mind if I try it again?= Would you mind my trying it again? 我再试一次，好吗？ （3）would you mind sb.s doing sth.? 请某人做某事，你介意吗？ （4）change ones mind 改变主意 （5）make up ones mind to do sth. 下决心做某事 （6）never mind 没关系 不要紧3. one of + 名词复数 表示 “其中之一”, 主语是one,表单数. 如: One of my teammates is strong and tall. 其中我的一个队友又高又壮。4. miss “错过,思念,遗失”如: I missed the last bus yesterday. 昨天我错过最后一班车. He missed his mother. 他想念他的母亲. My God! I missed(=lost) my key. 天啊! 我把钥匙弄丢了.5. be sure to do sth. = be sure that + 句子 “肯定/确定做某事” 如: We are sure to win next time. = We are sure that we will win next time.我们确信下次一定会赢。6.be sorry for “为某事抱歉”be sorry to do sth. = be sorry (that) + 句子 “很抱歉做了某事”如: I am very sorry for what I said. 我为我所说的话感到抱歉. Im sorry I lost your book. = Im sorry to lose your book.很抱歉弄丢你的书。7tired adj. “（感到）疲惫的” , 主语是人。 如: I feel tired today. 今天我感到累了.tiring adj. “令人疲劳的”, 主语是事物。 如:This job is tiring. 这份工作令人疲惫.类似的有: excited 感到兴奋的 exciting 令人兴奋的 interested 感到有趣的 interesting 有趣的8.15-year-old “15岁的”15 years old “15岁” 如: He is a 15-year-old boy. = The boy is 15 years old.类似用法: 2.5-mile / 2.5 miles9. instead “替代;相反”, 一般单独使用,放在句末,前面用逗号隔开.instead of“替代;而不,相反”如: I wont go to Shanghai. Ill go to Beijing, instead. 我不会去上海而会去北京. = Ill go to Beijing instead of Shanghai. I drank a lot of milk instead of water. 我喝了许多牛奶而不是水.10. have fun doing sth. = enjoy doing sth. 表示 “从做.中获得乐趣”如: I have great fun running. = I enjoy running.我总能在跑步中得到很大乐趣。11. 没关系，不要紧：It doesnt matter./Its nothing./Never mind./Thats OK./Thats all right.四、交际用语(2) 请求和回答-Could you please do me a favor? -Sure. What is it?-Will you join us? -Id be glad to.-Would you mind teaching me?- Not at all. Lets go and practice.（二）道歉和回答-Im sorry I didnt call you last night. -Never mind.I guess you were busy last night.-Im sorry Im late for class. -Thats OK. Please take a seat.-Im sorry I lost your book. -It doesnt matter. That book isnt important to me.-Im sorry I broke your pen. -Dont worry. I have another pen.Unit 1 Sports and GamesTopic 3 Which sport will you take part in?重点单词：foreign, maybe, perhaps, shall, pick, theater, stick, hit, page, diary, winner, finish, encourage, grass, visitor, improve, environment, ring, symbol.一、 重点词组:Talk about sth. 谈论某事have fun = have a good time = enjoy oneself 玩得很高兴be able to 能够stand for 代表at least 至少，不少于make friends with 与交朋友do badly/well in 在做得（不）好congratulation on sth. 就某事向某人道贺win the first gold medal 赢得第一枚金牌for the first time 第一次host the 29th Olympic Games 举办第29界奥运会win 51 gold medals 赢得51枚金牌a symbol of 一种的象征improve the environment 改善环境the five parts of the world 世界的五大部分do morning exercises 做早操the mascot for the Beijing Olympics 北京奥运会的吉祥物the first to cross the finish line 第一个冲过终点线二、重点句型1. Ill be in the long jump and the high jump.我将参加跳高和跳远比赛。2. When /Where shall we meet? 我们什么时候/什么地方见？3. Lets make it half past six. 让我们定在六点半吧。4. I hope so . 希望是这样。5. Congratulations! 祝贺你！6. Its my first time to take part in the high jump. 这是我第一次参加跳高比赛。7. We hope that China will win more gold medals in the future. 希望中国将来能赢得更多金牌。三. 重点语言点 1.may be “可能是” may是情态动词 + bemaybe“或许; 可能”。maybe是副词如: He may be a teacher. = Maybe he is a teacher. 他可能是一名老师. He may know her name. = Maybe he knows her name. 他可能知道她的名字.2. between 在两者之间among 在三者或三者之间如: The answer is between A and B. 答案在A和B之间. The winner is among us. 获胜者在我们当中.3. There be 句型的一般将来时 正:There will be a sports meet in our school this weekend. = There is going to be a sports meeting in our school this weekend. 误：There will have a sports meeting in our school this weekend. 误：There is going to have a sports meeting in our school this weekend.4. 为做好准备：be ready for （表示状态），get ready for (表示动作)，prepare sth. for sth.(做准备的内容)。四、交际用语提建议的句型:Shall we go hiking? 我们一起去远足好吗? (shall在疑问句中与I 和we连用,表示提出或征求意见. 意思为 “好吗?/ 要不要?)同义表达法：Would you like to go hiking with us? 你想和我们一起去远足吗?What/How about going hiking with us? 和我们一起去远足怎么样?Why dont you go hiking with us? 你为什么不和我们一起去远足呢?Why not go hiking with us? 为什么不和我们一起去远足呢? Lets go hiking. 让我们一起去远足吧!Would you mind going hiking with us? 你介意和我们一起去远足吗?Would you please go hiking with us? 和我们一起去远足好吗? Unit 2 Keeping Healthy Topic 1 Youd better go to see a doctor.一、 重点词组:have a toothache/backache/headache/stomachache 牙痛/背痛/头痛/胃痛have a cough/fever 患咳嗽/发烧have the flu 得了流感have sore eyes 眼睛发炎/痛have a sore throat 喉咙发炎/痛have a (bad/terrible) cold 患（重）感冒see a dentist/doctor 看牙医/医生take/have a (good) rest （好好）休息follow/take advice 接受建议sleep well 睡得好drink a lot of boiled water 多喝开水lift heavy things 提重物stay in bed 呆在床上have a good sleep 好好睡一觉feel terrible 感到难受take sb. to 带某人去take some medicine/ pills 吃药day and night 日日夜夜lie down 躺下hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶brush ones teeth 刷牙have an accident 出了事故/意外send sb. to. 送某人去take/ have a look at 看一看notuntil 直到才.get well 恢复健康plenty of 充足;大量take off your coat 脱掉你的大衣feel like doing=want to do sth.=would like to do sth. 想要做某事take care of =care for=look after 照顾，关心twice a day 每日两次check over=look over=examine 检查，做体检worry about sb./sth.=be worried about sb./sth. 担心，担忧ask for two days leave=ask for a two-day leave 请两天假three pieces of advice 三条建议二、重点句型You should see a dentist. 你应该看牙医。You shouldnt lift heavy things. 你不应该提重物。You look pale. 你看起来气色不好,很苍白.Youd better go to see a doctor. 你最好去看医生.Youd better not go to school today. 今天你最好不要去上学.Thank you for your flowers and fruit. 谢谢你送来的鲜花和水果.I couldnt read them until today. 直到今天我才读了他们.三. 重点语言点1、身体某个部位 + ache，表身体某处疼痛。如: headache 头痛 backache 背痛 stomachache 胃痛 toothache 牙痛2、medicine “药” 为不可数名词pill “药片” 为可